Menée au Canada à l'aide de questionnaires auprès de 692 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et de 644 témoins (âge : 40 à 80 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre une activité physique de loisir d'intensité forte ou modérée et le risque de cancer du sein par sous-type moléculaire (ER, PR ou HER)

Lifetime moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and ER/PR/HER-defined post-menopausal breast cancer risk

Shi, Joy ; Kobayashi, Lindsay C. ; Grundy, Anne ; Richardson, Harriet ; SenGupta, Sandip K. ; Lohrisch, Caroline A. ; Spinelli, John J. ; Aronson, Kristan J.

Purpose : To assess the relationship of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in leisure-time, household, and occupational domains across the total lifetime and in four age periods with breast cancer risk, as defined by estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) status and ER/PR/human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) status, among post-menopausal women. Methods : Data were from 692 women with incident breast cancer and 644 controls in the Canadian Breast Cancer Study, a [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de questionnaires auprès de 25 169 participants (âge moyen : 50,3 ans ; 38% d'hommes), cette étude met en évidence une association entre la qualité du régime alimentaire, mesurée à l'aide d'un système de score, et le risque de cancer ou de maladie chronique

Diet quality is associated with reduced incidence of cancer and self-reported chronic disease : Observations from Alberta's Tomorrow Project

Solbak, Nathan M. ; Xu, Jian-Yi ; Vena, Jennifer E. ; Csizmadi, Ilona ; Whelan, Heather K. ; Robson, Paula J.

The objective of this study was to assess diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 Canada (HEI-2005-Canada) and its association with risk of cancer and chronic disease in a sample of Alberta's Tomorrow Project (ATP) participants. Food frequency questionnaires completed by 25,169 participants (38% men; mean age 50.3 (9.2)) enrolled between 2000 and 2008 were used to calculate HEI-2005-Canada scores. Data from a subset of participants (n = 10,735) who reported no chronic disease at [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (10 études incluant au total 784 550 personnes et 7 817 cas de cancer colorectal), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation de vitamine B6 et le risque de cancer colorectal

Vitamin B6 Intake and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Kai Jia; ; Rong Wang; ; Jingfeng Tian;

Objectives : We performed this meta-analysis to estimate the association between vitamin B6 intake and colorectal cancer risk. Methods : Prospective cohort studies on vitamin B6 intake and colorectal cancer risk were identified by searching databases from the period of 1960 to 2016. Results from individual studies were synthetically combined using Stata 13.0 software. Results : A total of 10 prospective cohort studies including 13 data sets were included in our meta-analysis, containing 7,817 [...]

Mené auprès de 36 382 femmes ménopausées (âge : 50 à 79 ans), cet essai évalue, en fonction du statut tabagique et du rapport sérique calcium/magnésium, l'association entre une supplémentation en calcium et vitamine D et le risque de cancer du poumon

Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and lung cancer incidence among postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative

Tao, Meng-Hua ; Dai, Qi ; Chen, Shande ; Freudenheim, Jo L. ; Rohan, Thomas ; Wakelee, Heather ; Datta, Mridul ; Wactawski-Wende, Jean

Background : Magnesium and calcium are antagonistic in many physiologic processes. However, few studies have investigated the associations of supplemental calcium with lung cancer risk taking this antagonism into account. We evaluated the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on lung cancer incidence and explored whether the ratio of baseline calcium to magnesium (Ca:Mg) intake modifies the association in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) calcium plus vitamin D supplementation (CaD) [...]

Menée sur des cellules épithéliales prostatiques transformées par le cadmium et menée à l'aide de xénogreffes, cette étude montre que l'inhibition de l'autophagie par la psoralidine, un dérivé du coumestrol (une substance d'origine végétale), prévient la carcinogenèse

Inhibition of autophagy prevents cadmium-induced prostate carcinogenesis

Pal, Deeksha ; Suman, Suman ; Kolluru, Venkatesh ; Sears, Sophia ; Das, Trinath P. ; Alatassi, Houda ; Ankem, Murali K. ; Freedman, Jonathan H. ; Damodaran, Chendil

Background : Cadmium, an established carcinogen, is a risk factor for prostate cancer. Induction of autophagy is a prerequisite for cadmium-induced transformation and metastasis. The ability of Psoralidin (Pso), a non-toxic, orally bioavailable compound to inhibit cadmium-induced autophagy to prevent prostate cancer was investigated. Methods : Psoralidin was studied using cadmium-transformed prostate epithelial cells (CTPE), which exhibit high proliferative, invasive and colony forming [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (19 articles), cette étude identifie les interventions visant à réduire l'exposition des enfants (âge : 5 à 12 ans) au tabagisme passif dans leur famille, puis analyse la qualité des études réalisées ainsi que l'efficacité des interventions

Family-focussed interventions to reduce harm from smoking in primary school-aged children: A systematic review of evaluative studies

Brown, Nicola ; Luckett, Tim ; Davidson, Patricia M. ; DiGiacomo, Michelle

Children living in families where adults smoke are exposed to harmful effects of tobacco smoke and risk a predisposition to smoking initiation. Interventions to support families to reduce risk of harm from smoking have been developed and tested. The purpose of this review is to identify effective family-based interventions used to promote smoke-free home environments in families with primary school age children (aged 5–12 years). A systematic search of MEDLINE, Cochrane and CINAHL electronic [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir d'une enquête réalisée entre 1997 et 2013 auprès d'une cohorte de 9 446 fumeurs âgés de 50 ans ou plus, cette étude évalue l'effet de l'augmentation du prix des cigarettes sur le taux de sevrage tabagique

A Prospective Cohort Study of Cigarette Prices and Smoking Cessation in Older Smokers

Stevens, Victoria L. ; Diver, W. Ryan ; Stoklosa, Michal ; Flanders, W. Dana ; Westmaas, J. Lee ; Jemal, Ahmedin ; Drope, Jeffrey M. ; Gapstur, Susan M. ; Jacobs, Eric J.

Background : Cigarette price increases effectively prevent smoking initiation and reduce cigarette consumption among young smokers. However, the impact of cigarette prices on smoking cessation among older smokers is less clear, particularly for those aged 65 years and older, a group that is at highest risk of smoking-related disease and will almost double in the United States between 2012 and 2050. Methods : Biennial questionnaires administered between 1997 and 2013 assessed smoking status for [...]