A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mai 2015 (22 articles), cette étude évalue la faisabilité d'une radiothérapie localisée en traitement de première ligne chez les patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate de stade précoce

Primary focal prostate radiotherapy: do all patients really need whole-prostate irradiation ?

Jereczek-Fossa, Barbara Alicja ; Ciardo, Delia ; Petralia, Giuseppe ; Bellomi, Massimo ; De Bari, Berardino ; De Cobelli, Ottavio ; Orecchia, Roberto

OBJECTIVES : To review the available data about focal primary partial prostate irradiation (focal radiotherapy, FRT) for early prostate cancer. METHODS : Inclusion criteria: Medline search for English language full paper on primary FRT for early prostate cancer including review articles, planning studies or patient series (clinical outcome available) published before May 31, 2015. RESULTS : 22 papers have been found: 11 review articles, 4 planning studies and 7 patient series. Eleven review [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents sur les mécanismes moléculaires induits par une hypoxie des cellules tumorales, puis en tire des leçons pour le développement d'immunothérapies anticancéreuses

Hypoxic stress: obstacles and opportunities for innovative immunotherapy of cancer

Chouaib, S. ; Noman, M. Z. ; Kosmatopoulos, K. ; Curran, M. A.

Tumors use several strategies to evade the host immune response, including creation of an immune-suppressive and hostile tumor environment. Tissue hypoxia due to inadequate blood supply is reported to develop very early during tumor establishment. Hypoxic stress has a strong impact on tumor cell biology. In particular, tissue hypoxia contributes to therapeutic resistance, heterogeneity and progression. It also interferes with immune plasticity, promotes the differentiation and expansion of [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents sur le développement d'inhibiteurs de Plk1 pour le traitement de divers types de cancer

Plk1 Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: From Laboratory to Clinics

Gutteridge, Rosie Elizabeth Ann ; Ndiaye, Mary Ann ; Liu, Xiaoqi ; Ahmad, Nihal

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) overexpression has been shown to occur in a wide range of tumors, prompting research and development of Plk1 inhibitors as a means of cancer treatment. This review discusses recent advances in the development of Plk1 inhibitors for cancer management. Plk1 inhibition has been shown to cause mitotic block and apoptosis of cells with higher mitotic index and therefore higher Plk1 expression. The potential of Plk1 inhibitors as cancer therapeutics has been widely [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins de leucémie lymphoblastique aiguë T, cette étude française met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt d'un traitement à base d'anticorps monoclonaux anti-CD3

Triggering the TCR developmental checkpoint activates a therapeutically targetable tumor suppressive pathway in T-cell leukemia

Trinquand, Amélie ; dos Santos, Nuno R. ; Tran Quang, Christine ; Rocchetti, Francesca ; Zaniboni, Benedetta ; Belhocine, Mohamed ; da Costa de Jesus, Cindy ; Lhermitte, Ludovic ; Tesio, Melania ; Dussiot, Michael ; Cosset, François-Loïc ; Verhoeyen, Els ; Pflumio, Francoise ; Ifrah, Norbert ; Dombret, Hervé ; Spicuglia, Salvatore ; Chatenoud, Lucienne ; Gross, David-Alexandre ; Hermine, Olivier ; Macintyre, Elizabeth ; Ghysdael, Jacques ; Asnafi, Vahid

Cancer onset and progression involves the accumulation of multiple oncogenic hits, which are thought to dominate or bypass the physiological regulatory mechanisms in tissue development and homeostasis. We demonstrate in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) that, irrespective of the complex oncogenic abnormalities underlying tumor progression, experimentally induced, persistent TCR signaling has anti-leukemic properties and enforces a molecular program resembling thymic negative [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires de lymphome à cellules du manteau, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes rendant compte de l'activité antitumorale de l'idélalisib

Idelalisib impacts cell growth through inhibiting translation regulatory mechanisms in mantle cell lymphoma

Yang, Qingshan ; Chen, Lisa S. ; Ha, Min Jin ; Do, Kim-Anh ; Neelapu, Sattva S. ; Gandhi, Varsha

Purpose: PI3 Kinase is a critical node in the B-cell receptor pathway which is responsible for survival and proliferation of B-cell malignancies. Idelalisib, a PI3Kδ-isoform specific inhibitor, has been approved to treat B-cell malignancies. While biological activity of the drug has been evaluated, molecular mechanisms and signaling pathway disruption leading to the biological effects of idelalisib are not yet well-defined. Prior laboratory reports have identified transcription and translation [...]

Menée in vitro et in vivo sur des modèles d'adénocarcinome du poumon présentant un gène KRAS muté, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt d'un traitement combinant un inhibiteur de FGFR1 et le tramétinib

A combinatorial strategy for treating KRAS-mutant lung cancer

Manchado, Eusebio ; Weissmueller, Susann ; Morris, John P. ; Chen, Chi-Chao ; Wullenkord, Ramona ; Lujambio, Amaia ; de Stanchina, Elisa ; Poirier, John T. ; Gainor, Justin F. ; Corcoran, Ryan B. ; Engelman, Jeffrey A. ; Rudin, Charles M. ; Rosen, Neal ; Lowe, Scott W.

Therapeutic targeting of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma represents a major goal of clinical oncology. KRAS itself has proved difficult to inhibit, and the effectiveness of agents that target key KRAS effectors has been thwarted by activation of compensatory or parallel pathways that limit their efficacy as single agents. Here we take a systematic approach towards identifying combination targets for trametinib, a MEK inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, which acts [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes suggèrant l'intérêt d'un traitement par inhibiteur de PPARG pour les patients atteints d'un cancer métastatique de la prostate

Sleeping Beauty screen reveals Pparg activation in metastatic prostate cancer

Ahmad, Imran ; Mui, Ernest ; Galbraith, Laura ; Patel, Rachana ; Tan, Ee Hong ; Salji, Mark ; Rust, Alistair G. ; Repiscak, Peter ; Hedley, Ann ; Markert, Elke ; Loveridge, Carolyn ; van der Weyden, Louise ; Edwards, Joanne ; Sansom, Owen J. ; Adams, David J. ; Leung, Hing Y.

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most common adult male cancer in the developed world. The paucity of biomarkers to predict prostate tumor biology makes it important to identify key pathways that confer poor prognosis and guide potential targeted therapy. Using a murine forward mutagenesis screen in a Pten-null background, we identified peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg), encoding a ligand-activated transcription factor, as a promoter of metastatic CaP through activation of [...]

Mené en Australie, Nouvelle-Zélande, Corée du Sud et Canada sur 152 patients atteints d'un adénocarcinome avancé de l'estomac, cet essai randomisé de phase II évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans progression, et la toxicité du regorafenib

Regorafenib for the Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer (INTEGRATE): A Multinational Placebo-Controlled Phase II Trial

Pavlakis, Nick ; Sjoquist, Katrin M. ; Martin, Andrew J. ; Tsobanis, Eric ; Yip, Sonia ; Kang, Yoon-Koo ; Bang, Yung-Jue ; Alcindor, Thierry ; O’Callaghan, Christopher J. ; Burnell, Margot J. ; Tebbutt, Niall C. ; Rha, Sun Young ; Lee, Jeeyun ; Cho, Jae-Yong ; Lipton, Lara R. ; Wong, Mark ; Strickland, Andrew ; Kim, Jin Won ; Zalcberg, John R. ; Simes, John ; Goldstein, David

Purpose We evaluated the activity of regorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. Patients and Methods We conducted an international (Australia and New Zealand, South Korea, and Canada) randomized phase II trial in which patients were randomly assigned at a two-to-one ratio and stratified by lines of prior chemotherapy for advanced disease (one v two) and region. Eligible patients received best supportive care plus regorafenib 160 mg or matching placebo orally [...]

Mené sur 31 patients atteints d'un lymphome hodgkinien classique récidivant ou réfractaire au brentuximab vedotin, cet essai de phase Ib évalue la toxicité et l'activité antitumorale du pembrolizumab

Programmed Death-1 Blockade With Pembrolizumab in Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma After Brentuximab Vedotin Failure

Armand, Philippe ; Shipp, Margaret A. ; Ribrag, Vincent ; Michot, Jean-Marie ; Zinzani, Pier Luigi ; Kuruvilla, John ; Snyder, Ellen S. ; Ricart, Alejandro D. ; Balakumaran, Arun ; Rose, Shelonitda ; Moskowitz, Craig H.

Purpose Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) frequently exhibits genetic alterations leading to overexpression of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) ligands, suggesting a possible vulnerability to PD-1 blockade. The phase Ib study KEYNOTE-013 (NCT01953692) tested the safety and efficacy of the anti–PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab in patients with hematologic malignancies. Based on its genetics, HL was included as an independent cohort. Methods We enrolled patients with relapsed or refractory HL whose disease [...]

Mené sur 1 623 patients atteints d'un myélome multiple et non éligibles à une greffe de cellules souches, cet essai randomisé international de phase III compare l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans progression, et la toxicité d'un traitement combinant lénalidomide et dexaméthasone à faible dose avec un traitement combinant melphalan, prednisone et thalidomide, en fonction de l'âge des patients et du stade de la maladie au diagnostic

Updated Outcomes and Impact of Age With Lenalidomide and Low-Dose Dexamethasone or Melphalan, Prednisone, and Thalidomide in the Randomized, Phase III FIRST Trial

Hulin, Cyrille ; Belch, Andrew ; Shustik, Chaim ; Petrucci, Maria Teresa ; Dührsen, Ulrich ; Lu, Jin ; Song, Kevin ; Rodon, Philippe ; Pegourie, Brigitte ; Garderet, Laurent ; Hunter, Hannah ; Azais, Isabelle ; Eek, Richard ; Gisslinger, Heinz ; Macro, Margaret ; Dakhil, Shaker ; Goncalves, Cristina ; LeBlanc, Richard ; Romeril, Ken ; Royer, Bruno ; Doyen, Chantal ; Leleu, Xavier ; Offner, Fritz ; Leupin, Nicolas ; Houck, Vanessa ; Chen, Guang ; Ervin-Haynes, Annette ; Dimopoulos, Meletios A. ; Facon, Thierry

Purpose This analysis of the FIRST trial in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) ineligible for stem-cell transplantation examined updated outcomes and impact of patient age. Patients and Methods Patients with untreated symptomatic MM were randomly assigned at a one-to-one-to-one ratio to lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone until disease progression (Rd continuous), Rd for 72 weeks (18 cycles; Rd18), or melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide (MPT; 72 weeks), stratified by [...]

Mené sur 52 patients atteints d'un cancer avancé du poumon non à petites cellules, cet essai de phase I évalue la toxicité et l'activité antitumorale du nivolumab en traitement de première ligne

Nivolumab Monotherapy for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Gettinger, Scott ; Rizvi, Naiyer A. ; Chow, Laura Q. ; Borghaei, Hossein ; Brahmer, Julie ; Ready, Neal ; Gerber, David E. ; Shepherd, Frances A. ; Antonia, Scott ; Goldman, Jonathan W. ; Juergens, Rosalyn A. ; Laurie, Scott A. ; Nathan, Faith E. ; Shen, Yun ; Harbison, Christopher T. ; Hellmann, Matthew D.

Purpose Nivolumab, a programmed death-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, has demonstrated improved survival over docetaxel in previously treated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). First-line monotherapy with nivolumab for advanced NSCLC was evaluated in the phase I, multicohort, Checkmate 012 trial. Methods Fifty-two patients received nivolumab 3 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicity; postprogression treatment was permitted per [...]

Mené sur 56 patients atteints d'un cancer avancé du poumon non à petites cellules, cet essai de phase I évalue la toxicité et l'activité antitumorale du nivolumab en complément d'une chimiothérapie à base de gemcitabine-cisplatine ou pemetrexed-cisplatine

Nivolumab in Combination With Platinum-Based Doublet Chemotherapy for First-Line Treatment of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Rizvi, Naiyer A. ; Hellmann, Matthew D. ; Brahmer, Julie R. ; Juergens, Rosalyn A. ; Borghaei, Hossein ; Gettinger, Scott ; Chow, Laura Q. ; Gerber, David E. ; Laurie, Scott A. ; Goldman, Jonathan W. ; Shepherd, Frances A. ; Chen, Allen C. ; Shen, Yun ; Nathan, Faith E. ; Harbison, Christopher T. ; Antonia, Scott

Purpose Nivolumab, a fully human immunoglobulin G4 programmed death-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, has demonstrated improved survival in previously treated patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CheckMate 012, a phase I, multicohort study, was conducted to explore the safety and efficacy of nivolumab as monotherapy or combined with current standard therapies in first-line advanced NSCLC. Here, we report results for nivolumab plus platinum-based doublet chemotherapy [...]

Menée sur 35 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules avec réarrangements ALK, cette étude évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse objective et de la survie globale, du crizotinib en fonction du type de variant ALK

Differential Crizotinib Response Duration Among ALK Fusion Variants in ALK-Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Yoshida, Tatsuya ; Oya, Yuko ; Tanaka, Kosuke ; Shimizu, Junichi ; Horio, Yoshitsugu ; Kuroda, Hiroaki ; Sakao, Yukinori ; Hida, Toyoaki ; Yatabe, Yasushi

Purpose Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement–positive non–small-cell lung cancers can be effectively treated with an ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) such as crizotinib, but the response magnitude and duration are heterogeneous. Several ALK variants have been identified, but few studies have focused on the effects of different ALK variants on the efficacy of crizotinib. Patients and Methods Among 55 patients treated with crizotinib as the initial ALK-TKI between January 2007 and [...]

Mené sur 1 086 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein de stade précoce HR-, cet essai randomisé international de phase III évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans maladie, et la toxicité d'un traitement d'entretien à base de cyclophosphamide en faibles doses et de méthotrexate

Low-Dose Oral Cyclophosphamide and Methotrexate Maintenance For Hormone Receptor–Negative Early Breast Cancer: International Breast Cancer Study Group Trial 22-00

Colleoni, Marco ; Gray, Kathryn P. ; Gelber, Shari ; Lang, István ; Thürlimann, Beat ; Gianni, Lorenzo ; Abdi, Ehtesham A. ; Gomez, Henry L. ; Linderholm, Barbro K. ; Puglisi, Fabio ; Tondini, Carlo ; Kralidis, Elena ; Eniu, Alexandru ; Cagossi, Katia ; Rauch, Daniel ; Chirgwin, Jacquie ; Gelber, Richard D. ; Regan, Meredith M. ; Coates, Alan S. ; Price, Karen N. ; Viale, Giuseppe ; Goldhirsch, Aron

Purpose To evaluate the benefit of low-dose cyclophosphamide and methotrexate (CM) maintenance, which previously demonstrated antitumor activity and few adverse effects in advanced breast cancer, in early breast cancer. Patients and Methods International Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG) Trial 22-00, a randomized phase III clinical trial, enrolled 1,086 women (1,081 intent-to-treat) from November 2000 to December 2012. Women with estrogen receptor– and progesterone receptor–negative (< 10% [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 23 patients traités entre 2010 et 2015 pour un cholangiocarcinome intrahépatique non résécable, récidivant ou persistant (âge : 42-82 ans), cette étude évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie globale, et la sécurité d'une radio-embolisation à base d'yttrium 90

Yttrium-90 radioembolization for unresectable/recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a survival, efficacy and safety study

Mosconi, Cristina ; Gramenzi, Annagiulia ; Ascanio, Salvatore ; Cappelli, Alberta ; Renzulli, Matteo ; Pettinato, Cinzia ; Brandi, Giovanni ; Monari, Fabio ; Cucchetti, Alessandro ; Trevisani, Franco ; Golfieri, Rita

Background : Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rapidly progressing malignancy; only a minority of the tumours can be resected and the palliative regimens have shown limited success. The aim of this study was to assess overall survival (OS), tumour response and the safety of radioembolization with yttrium-90 (90Y-TARE) in patients with unresectable/recurrent ICC. Methods : Survival was calculated from the date of the 90Y-TARE procedure. Target and overall Response Evaluation Criteria in [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 60 patients atteints d'un cancer du sein, du cerveau, du larynx ou du sang, cet article analyse les effets d'une radiothérapie, combinée ou non avec une chimiothérapie, sur des indicateurs hématologiques (numération globulaire, numération plaquettaire, taux d'hématocrite, ...)

Review of Hematological Indices of Cancer Patients Receiving Combined Chemotherapy & Radiotherapy or Receiving Radiotherapy Alone

Shahid, Saman

We observed the outcomes of chemotherapy (CR) with radiotherapy (RT) or RT alone for cancer patients of larynx, breast, blood and brain origins through complete blood count (CBC). Following were more depressed in CR patients: mean corpuscular hemoglobin-MCH & lymphocytes-LYM, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration-MCHC, hemoglobin-HB and red blood cells-RBC. In RT patients, following were more depressed: LYM, MCH and MCHC. Overall, in all cancer patients, the lymphocytes were [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études expérimentales concernant les effets biologiques et les mécanismes d'action de faibles doses de rayonnements ionisants délivrés sur des tissus sains ou cancéreux, puis fait le point sur l'intérêt clinique de ces faibles doses de rayonnements, notamment pour améliorer l'efficacité des traitements

Low-dose radiation may be a novel approach to enhance the effectiveness of cancer therapeutics

Yang, Guozi ; Li, Wei ; Jiang, Hongyu ; Liang, Xinyue ; Zhao, Yuguang ; Yu, Dehai ; Zhou, Lei ; Wang, Guanjun ; Tian, Huimin ; Han, Fujun ; Cai, Lu ; Cui, Jiuwei

It has been generally accepted that both natural and man-made sources of ionizing radiation contribute to human exposure and consequently pose a possible risk to human health. However, accumulating evidence has shown that the biological effects of low-dose radiation (LDR) are different from those of high-dose radiation. LDR can stimulate proliferation of normal cells and activate their defense systems, while these biological effects are not observed in some cancer cell types. Although there is [...]

Mené sur 27 patients atteints d'un mésothéliome pleural malin (durée médiane de suivi : 21,6 mois), cet essai multicentrique de phase II évalue la toxicité, du point de vue du taux de pneumonite de grade 3 ou plus, et la sécurité d'une radiothérapie pleurale hémithoracique avec modulation d'intensité après une chimiothérapie et une pleurectomie avec décortication pleurale

Phase II Study of Hemithoracic Intensity-Modulated Pleural Radiation Therapy (IMPRINT) As Part of Lung-Sparing Multimodality Therapy in Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Rimner, Andreas ; Zauderer, Marjorie G. ; Gomez, Daniel R. ; Adusumilli, Prasad S. ; Parhar, Preeti K. ; Wu, Abraham J. ; Woo, Kaitlin M. ; Shen, Ronglai ; Ginsberg, Michelle S. ; Yorke, Ellen D. ; Rice, David C. ; Tsao, Anne S. ; Rosenzweig, Kenneth E. ; Rusch, Valerie W. ; Krug, Lee M.

Purpose : We conducted a two-center phase II study to determine the safety of hemithoracic intensity-modulated pleural radiation therapy (IMPRINT) after chemotherapy and pleurectomy-decortication (P/D) as part of a multimodality lung-sparing treatment. Patients and Methods : Patients received up to four cycles of pemetrexed plus platinum. If feasible, P/D was performed. Hemithoracic IMPRINT was administered to a planned dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions. The primary end point was the incidence of [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études concernant l'utilisation de la radiothérapie corporelle stéréotaxique en combinaison avec des inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase chez les patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon de stade IV lié à des mutations EGFR ou des réarrangements ALK

Integration of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Stage IV Oncogene-Driven Lung Cancer

Campo, Meghan ; Al-Halabi, Hani ; Khandekar, Melin ; Shaw, Alice T. ; Sequist, Lecia V. ; Willers, Henning

Genotype-based selection of patients for targeted therapies has had a substantial impact on the treatment of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed at cancers driven by oncogenes, such as epidermal growth factor receptor mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements, often achieve dramatic responses and result in prolonged survival compared with chemotherapy. However, TKI resistance invariably develops. Disease progression can be limited to [...]

Menée à partir des données du registre national américain des cancers portant sur 6 382 patients atteints d'un cancer métastatique de la prostate diagnostiqué entre 2004 et 2012 (durée médiane de suivi : 5,1 ans), cette étude évalue, du point de vue du taux de survie globale à 5 ans, l'intérêt d'ajouter une radiothérapie à un traitement anti-androgénique

Improved Survival With Prostate Radiation in Addition to Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Men With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Prostate Cancer

Rusthoven, Chad G. ; Jones, Bernard L. ; Flaig, Thomas W. ; Crawford, E. David ; Koshy, Matthew ; Sher, David J. ; Mahmood, Usama ; Chen, Ronald C. ; Chapin, Brian F. ; Kavanagh, Brian D. ; Pugh, Thomas J.

Purpose : There is growing interest in the role of local therapies, including external beam radiotherapy (RT), for men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). We used the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of men with mPCa treated with androgen deprivation (ADT) with and without prostate RT. Methods : The NCDB was queried for men with newly diagnosed mPCa, all treated with ADT, with complete datasets for RT, surgery, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, [...]

Mené sur 355 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate de stade cT1c-T3aN0M0 à risque intermédiaire ou élevé de récidive et ayant reçu entre 2005 et 2010 un traitement anti-androgénique en combinaison avec une radiothérapie à forte dose de rayonnements ionisants, cet essai de phase III évalue, en fonction de la durée du traitement anti-androgénique, les complications urinaires, rectales et cardiovasculaires à long terme

Late Radiation and Cardiovascular Adverse Effects following Androgen Deprivation and High-Dose Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer : Results from the DART 01/05 Randomized Phase III Trial

Zapatero, A. ; Guerrero, A. ; Maldonado, X. ; Álvarez, A. ; González San Segundo, C. ; Cabeza Rodríguez, M. ; Macías, V. ; Pedro Olive, A. ; Casas, F. ; Boladeras, A. ; Martín de Vidales, C. ; Vázquez de la Torre, M. ; Calvo, F. A.

Purpose : A randomized trial (XX) was conducted to determine whether long-term AD (LTAD) was superior to short-term AD (STAD) when combined with high-dose radiotherapy (HDRT) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). We present data on the late toxicity endpoints. Patients and Methods : Between November 2005 and December 2010, 355 eligible men with cT1c-T3aN0M0 PCa and intermediate-risk and high-risk factors (2005 NCCN criteria) were randomized to 4 months of AD combined with HDRT (median dose 78 [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données du registre national des cancers portant sur 15 390 patients atteints d'un carcinome métastatique à cellules rénales traité entre 2006 et 2013, cette étude évalue, du point de vue de la survie globale, l'intérêt d'ajouter une néphrectomie cytoréductive à une thérapie ciblée

Survival Analyses of Metastatic Renal Cancer Patients Treated With Targeted Therapy With or Without Cytoreductive Nephrectomy: A National Cancer Data Base Study

Hanna, Nawar ; Sun, Maxine ; Meyer, Christian P. ; Nguyen, Paul L. ; Pal, Sumanta K. ; Chang, Steven L. ; De Velasco, Guillermo ; Trinh, Quoc-Dien ; Choueiri, Toni K.

Purpose : The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has become unclear since the introduction of targeted therapies (TT). We sought to evaluate contemporary utilization rates of CN and to examine the survival benefit of CN compared with non-CN patients treated with TT. Methods : We used the National Cancer Data Base to identify patients with clinical mRCC treated with TT between 2006 and 2013. The intervention of interest was CN. Multivariable logistic [...]

Cet article présente la mise à jour 2016 des recommandations de l'association européenne d'urologie sur le diagnostic et la prise en charge thérapeutique d'un carcinome urothélial non invasif de la vessie

EAU Guidelines on Non–Muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: Update 2016

Babjuk, Marko ; Böhle, Andreas ; Burger, Maximilian ; Capoun, Otakar ; Cohen, Daniel ; Compérat, Eva M. ; Hernandez, Virginia ; Kaasinen, Eero ; Palou, Joan ; Rouprêt, Morgan ; van Rhijn, Bas W. G. ; Shariat, Shahrokh F. ; Soukup, Viktor ; Sylvester, Richard J. ; Zigeuner, Richard

Context : The European Association of Urology (EAU) panel on Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) released an updated version of the guidelines on Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer. Objective : To present the 2016 EAU guidelines on NMIBC. Evidence acquisition : A broad and comprehensive scoping exercise covering all areas of the NMIBC guidelines published between April 1, 2014, and May 31, 2015, was performed. Databases covered by the search included Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane [...]

Cet article fait le point sur le diagnostic et la prise en charge thérapeutique d'un cancer de la vessie

Bladder cancer

Kamat, Ashish M. ; Hahn, Noah M. ; Efstathiou, Jason A. ; Lerner, Seth P. ; Malmström, Per-Uno ; Choi, Woonyoung ; Guo, Charles C. ; Lotan, Yair ; Kassouf, Wassim

Bladder cancer is a complex disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates if not treated optimally. Awareness of haematuria as the major presenting symptom is paramount, and early diagnosis with individualised treatment and follow-up is the key to a successful outcome. For non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, the mainstay of treatment is complete resection of the tumour followed by induction and maintenance immunotherapy with intravesical BCG vaccine or intravesical chemotherapy. [...]