Menée en Chine à partir de données portant sur 68 253 participantes, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle, le rapport taille-hanches, des changements de poids à l'âge adulte et le risque de cancer chez les femmes

Prospective cohort study of general and central obesity, weight change trajectory and risk of major cancers among Chinese women

Liu, Ying ; Warren Andersen, Shaneda ; Wen, Wanqing ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Lan, Qing ; Rothman, Nathaniel ; Ji, Bu-Tian ; Yang, Gong ; Xiang, Yong-Bing ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Zheng, Wei

General obesity, typically measured using body mass index (BMI), has been associated with an increased risk of several cancers. However, few prospective studies have been conducted in Asian populations. Although central obesity, often measured using waist–hip ratio (WHR), is more predictive for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk than BMI, knowledge of its association with cancer incidence is limited. In a cohort of 68,253 eligible Chinese women, we prospectively investigated [...]

Menée en Italie, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre un indicateur caractérisant une alimentation pro-inflammatoire et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire (1 031 cas, 2 411 témoins)

Dietary inflammatory index and ovarian cancer risk in a large Italian case–control study

Shivappa, Nitin ; Hebert, James R. ; Rosato, Valentina ; Rossi, Marta ; Montella, Maurizio ; Serraino, Diego ; La Vecchia, Carlo

Background : While inflammation has been shown to play an important etiologic role in ovarian carcinogenesis, little is known about the association between inflammatory properties of diet and ovarian cancer risk. Methods : We explored the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and ovarian cancer risk in a multicentric Italian case–control study conducted between 1992 and 1999. Cases were 1,031 women with incident, histologically confirmed ovarian cancer from four areas in [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de données portant sur 760 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate diagnostiqué entre 1995 et 1998, cette étude évalue l'association entre une profession exercée dans une industrie d'exploitation de ressources naturelles (industries forestière, minière, agricole) et le risque de développer la maladie

Natural resource-based industries and prostate cancer risk in Northeastern Ontario: a case–control study

Sritharan, Jeavana ; Demers, Paul A ; Harris, Shelley A ; Cole, Donald C ; Kreiger, Nancy ; Sass-Kortsak, Andrea ; Lightfoot, Nancy

Objective : Prostate cancer continues to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, and there is limited knowledge on its preventable risk factors. A number of occupational exposures in natural resource-based industries are suspected to be related to prostate cancer risk. This study investigates associations between employment in these industries and prostate cancer. Methods : Data were from a population-based, case–control study previously conducted in Northeastern Ontario. Incident cases [...]

Menée en Espagne, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre un lieu de résidence proche d'exploitations agricoles et le risque de cancer pédiatrique (3 350 cas, 20 365 témoins)

Agricultural crop exposure and risk of childhood cancer: new findings from a case–control study in Spain

Gómez-Barroso, Diana ; Garcia-Perez, Javier ; López-Abente, Gonzalo ; Tamayo-Uria, Ibon ; Morales-Piga, Antonio ; Pardo Romaguera, Elena ; Ramis, Rebeca

Background : Childhood cancer is the main cause of disease-related death in children in Spain. Although little is known about the etiology, environmental factors are potential explanations for a fraction of the cases. Previous studies have shown pesticides to be associated with childhood cancer. The difficulty of collecting personal environmental exposure data is an important limitation; this lack of information about pesticides motivates the development of new methods to subrogate this [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Nurses' Health Study II" incluant 115 921 participantes, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une exposition à une pollution atmosphérique issue du trafic routier et le risque de cancer du sein (3 416 cas)

Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposures During Adulthood and Risk of Breast Cancer Incidence in the Nurses' Health Study II Prospective Cohort

Hart, Jaime E ; Bertrand, Kimberly A. ; DuPre, Natalie ; James, Peter ; Vieira, Verónica M ; Tamimi, Rulla M. ; Laden, Francine

Background: There is increasing concern that environmental exposures, such as air pollution, may be related to increasing rates of breast cancer; however, results from cohort studies have been mixed. We examined the association between particulate matter and measures of distance to roadway with the risk of incident breast cancer in the prospective nationwide Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII) cohort. Methods: Incident invasive breast cancer 1993-2011 (N=3,416) was assessed among 115,921 women in [...]

Couplée à une étude de cohorte chinoise et portant sur des échantillons sériques prélevés sur 183 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon et sur 217 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par le polyomavirus humain, une infection par le papillomavirus humain et le risque de la maladie

Absence of an association of human polyomavirus and papillomavirus infection with lung cancer in China: a nested case–control study

Colombara, Danny V. ; Manhart, Lisa E. ; Carter, Joseph J. ; Hawes, Stephen E. ; Weiss, Noel S. ; Hughes, James P. ; Qiao, You-Lin ; Taylor, Philip R. ; Smith, Jennifer S. ; Galloway, Denise A.

Background : Studies of human polyomavirus (HPyV) infection and lung cancer are limited and those regarding the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and lung cancer have produced inconsistent results. Methods : We conducted a nested case–control study to assess the association between incident lung cancer of various histologies and evidence of prior infection with HPyVs and HPVs. We selected serum from 183 cases and 217 frequency matched controls from the Yunnan Tin Miner’s [...]

Menée aux Pays-Bas à partir de données portant sur 1 157 patients atteints d'une maladie de Crohn et de 1 644 patients atteints d'une colite ulcéreuse, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre les traitements pour une maladie inflammatoire de l'intestin et le risque de cancer

Inflammatory bowel disease, cancer and medication: Cancer risk in the Dutch population-based IBDSL cohort

van den Heuvel, Tim R. A. ; Wintjens, Dion S. J. ; Jeuring, Steven F. G. ; Wassink, Maartje H. H. ; Romberg-Camps, Marielle J. L. ; Oostenbrug, Liekele E. ; Sanduleanu, Silvia ; Hameeteman, Wim H. ; Zeegers, Maurice P. ; Masclee, Ad A. ; Jonkers, Daisy M. ; Pierik, Marie J.

The management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed since the mid-1990s (e.g., use of thiopurines/anti-TNFα agents, improved surveillance programs), possibly affecting cancer risk. To establish current cancer risk in IBD, updates are warranted from cohorts covering this time span, and detailed enough to study associations with phenotype and medication. We studied intestinal-, extra-intestinal- and overall cancer risk in the Dutch population-based IBDSL cohort. In total, 1,157 Crohn's [...]

Couplée aux données de diverses bases médicales italiennes et portant sur 376 patientes atteintes d'un cancer de l'endomètre et sur 7 485 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une utilisation de metformine, une utilisation d'autres médicaments antidiabétiques (sulfamides hypoglycémiants, insuline, et autres) et le risque de cancer du corps de l'utérus

Metformin, other antidiabetic drugs, and endometrial cancer risk: a nested case-control study within Italian healthcare utilization databases

Franchi, Matteo ; Asciutto, Rosario ; Nicotra, Federica ; Merlino, Luca ; La Vecchia, Carlo ; Corrao, Giovanni ; Bosetti, Cristina

Metformin may reduce the risk of endometrial cancer whereas other drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus appear to increase it, although the evidence is still limited. We investigated this issue using data from a nested case-control study within the healthcare utilization databases of the Lombardy Region, Italy. This study included 376 diabetic women with endometrial cancer and 7485 diabetic controls matched for cases on age, date at cohort entry, and duration of follow-up. We used [...]

Menée en Israël à partir de données portant sur 2,3 millions de participants adultes âgés de 21 à 89 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre un diabète et le risque de divers cancers

Time-Dependent Risk of Cancer After a Diabetes Diagnosis in a Cohort of 2.3 Million Adults

Dankner, Rachel ; Boffetta, Paolo ; Balicer, Ran D. ; Boker, Lital Keinan ; Sadeh, Maya ; Berlin, Alla ; Olmer, Liraz ; Goldfracht, Margalit ; Freedman, Laurence S.

Using a time-dependent approach, we investigated all-site and site-specific cancer incidence in a large population stratified by diabetes status. The study analyzed a closed cohort comprised of Israelis aged 21–89 years, enrolled in a health fund, and followed from 2002 to 2012. Adjusting for age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, we calculated hazard ratios for cancer incidence using Cox regression separately for participants with prevalent and incident diabetes; the latter was further [...]

Menée aux Pays-Bas à partir des données portant sur 3 038 femmes atteintes d'un lichen scléreux diagnostiqué entre 1991 et 2011, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre cette maladie inflammatoire cutanée chronique affectant la région anogénitale et le risque de carcinome épidermoïde de la vulve

Lichen sclerosus: incidence and risk of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Bleeker, Maaike C ; Visser, Pascal J ; Overbeek, Lucy I.H. ; van Beurden, Marc ; Berkhof, Johannes

Background The association between lichen sclerosus (LS) and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) has long been recognized, but large epidemiological studies are lacking. Methods Data of women diagnosed with vulvar pathology in the Netherlands were retrieved from the Dutch Pathology Registry. All vulvar pathology reports of this historical cohort were reviewed to construct a research database, including 3038 women with LS diagnosed between 1991 and 2011. The incidence rate of LS and the [...]

Couplée aux données de 3 études incluant 10 790 témoins et 1 870 cas de cancer du sein (dont 141 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein inflammatoire et 178 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein non inflammatoire), cette étude analyse l'importance des antécédents familiaux de cancer du sein ainsi que de facteurs liés au mode de vie dans l'étiologie du cancer du sein inflammatoire

Importance of hereditary and selected environmental risk factors in the etiology of inflammatory breast cancer: a case-comparison study

Moslehi, Roxana ; Freedman, Elizabeth ; Zeinomar, Nur ; Veneroso, Carmela ; Levine, Paul H.

Background :To assess the importance of heredity in the etiology of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), we compared IBC patients to several carefully chosen comparison groups with respect to the prevalence of first-degree family history of breast cancer. Methods : IBC cases (n = 141) were compared to non-inflammatory breast cancer cases (n = 178) ascertained through George Washington University (GWU) with respect to the prevalence of first-degree family history of breast cancer and selected [...]