Cet article passe en revue les techniques chirurgicales conservatrices et reconstructrices dans le traitement des cancers du pénis

Penile preserving and reconstructive surgery in the management of penile cancer

Burnett, Arthur L.

A major paradigm shift has occurred in the clinical management of penile cancer: the adoption of alternative, less-invasive surgical strategies to address the primary tumour. Such penile-preserving approaches aim to retain aspects of penile function and improve quality of life outcomes by reducing penile alterations and sexual dysfunction incurred by historical surgical approaches without compromising oncological control. Novel options include wide local excision, glansectomy, and glans [...]

Mené à partir de données portant sur 338 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate à très faible risque de récidive, cet essai multicentrique évalue, du point de vue des résultats oncologiques et fonctionnels à 1 an (taux de récidive biochimique, taux de préservation des fonctions urinaire et sexuelle, ...), l'intérêt d'une prostatectomie radicale

Oncological and functional outcomes 1 year after radical prostatectomy for very-low-risk prostate cancer: results from the prospective LAPPRO trial

Carlsson, Stefan ; Jäderling, Fredrik ; Wallerstedt, Anna ; Nyberg, Tommy ; Stranne, Johan ; Thorsteinsdottir, Thordis ; Carlsson, Sigrid V. ; Bjartell, Anders ; Hugosson, Jonas ; Haglind, Eva ; Steineck, Gunnar

Objectives : To analyse oncological and functional outcomes 12 months after treatment of very-low-risk prostate cancer with radical prostatectomy in men who could have been candidates for active surveillance. Patients and Methods : We conducted a prospective study of all men with very-low-risk prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy at one of 14 participating centres. Validated patient questionnaires were collected at baseline and after 12 months by independent healthcare [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 1 246 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate traité par prostatectomie radicale entre 2004 et 2015, cette étude évalue l'effet d'une radiothérapie de sauvetage et du délai prostatectomie-radiothérapie sur la récupération des fonctions urinaire, intestinale et sexuelle

The Effect of Salvage Radiotherapy and its Timing on the Health-related Quality of Life of Prostate Cancer Patients

van Stam, Marie-Anne ; Aaronson, Neil K. ; Pos, Floris J. ; Bosch, J. L. H. Ruud ; Kieffer, Jacobien M. ; Tillier, Corinne N. ; van der Poel, Henk G.

Background : The impact of salvage radiotherapy (SRT) and its timing on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in prostate cancer patients is still unclear. Objective : To compare the HRQoL of patients who underwent SRT with that of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) only and to investigate whether SRT timing is associated with HRQoL. Design, setting, and participants : All SRT patients (n = 241) and all RP-only patients (n = 1005) were selected from a prospective database [...]

Menée aux Pays-Bas à partir de données portant sur 8 485 patientes atteintes d'un cancer invasif du sein de stade précoce et ayant reçu un traitement conservateur entre 1980 et 2008 (durée médiane de suivi : 9 ans), cette étude analyse l'évolution des taux de récidive ipsilatérale à 5 et 10 ans, puis identifie les facteurs associés au risque de récidive

Very low local recurrence rates after breast-conserving therapy: analysis of 8485 patients treated over a 28-year period

Bosma, S. C. J. ; Leij, F. ; Werkhoven, E. ; Bartelink, H. ; Wesseling, J. ; Linn, S. ; Rutgers, E. J. ; Vijver, M. J. ; Elkhuizen, P. H. M.

The purpose of this study was to study the impact of changes in clinical practice on outcome in patients treated with breast-conserving therapy (BCT) over a period of 28 years. Patients with early invasive breast cancer, who were treated with BCT at the Netherlands Cancer Institute between 1980 and 2008, were studied. Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome were compared between groups (1980–1987; 1988–1998; 1999–2008). The main endpoint analyzed was ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence [...]

Menée sur 289 patients présentant des métastases cérébrales de taille supérieure à 2 cm, cette étude évalue, du point de vue du contrôle local des métastases et de la survenue d'une radionécrose cérébrale, l'intérêt d'une radiochirurgie stéréotaxique fractionnée (3 x 9 Gy)

Single-fraction versus multi-fraction (3 x 9 Gy) stereotactic radiosurgery for large (> 2 cm) brain metastases: a comparative analysis of local control and risk of radiation-induced brain necrosis

Minniti, Giuseppe ; Scaringi, Claudia ; Paolini, Sergio ; Lanzetta, Gaetano ; Romano, Andrea ; Cicone, Francesco ; Osti, Mattia ; Enrici, Riccardo Maurizi ; Esposito, Vincenzo

Purpose : to investigate the factors affecting local control and radiation-induced brain necrosis in patients with brain metastases >2 cm in size who received single-fraction or multi-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Factors associated with the clinical outcomes and the development of brain radionecrosis have been assessed. Patients and Methods : Two hundred and eighty-nine consecutive patients with brain metastases >2.0 cm who received SRS as primary treatment at XXXX were analyzed. [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins de carcinome hépatocellulaire, cette étude suggère que, à la différence d'autres types de cancer, une inhibition d'Akt est susceptible de favoriser le développement d'une tumeur

Spontaneous Hepatocellular Carcinoma after the Combined Deletion of Akt Isoforms

Wang, Qi ; Yu, Wan-Ni ; Chen, Xinyu ; Peng, Xiao-ding ; Jeon, Sang-Min ; Birnbaum, Morris J ; Guzman, Grace ; Hay, Nissim

Akt is frequently hyperactivated in human cancers and is targeted for cancer therapy. However, the physiological consequences of systemic Akt isoform inhibition were not fully explored. We showed that while combined Akt1 and Akt3 deletion in adult mice is tolerated, combined Akt1 and Akt2 deletion induced rapid mortality. Akt2−/− mice survived hepatic Akt1 deletion but all developed spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is associated with FoxO-dependent liver injury and [...]

Menée à l'aide de xénogreffes sur des modèles murins, cette étude française met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt du pegfilgrastim pour renforcer l'efficacité de certains anticorps monoclonaux, notamment le rituximab et le trastuzumab

Pegfilgrastim enhances the antitumor effect of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies

Cornet, Sébastien ; Mathé, Doriane ; Chettab, Kamel ; Evesque, Anne ; Matera, Eva-Laure ; Tredan, Olivier ; Dumontet, Charles

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exert antitumor activity through various mechanisms including apoptotic signalization, complement dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or phagocytosis (ADCP). G-CSF and GM-CSF have been reported to increase the activity of antibodies in preclinical models and in clinical trials. In order to determine the potential role of pegfilgrastim as an enhancer of anticancer antibodies we performed a comparative study of [...]

Cet article passe en revue les perspectives offertes par les travaux récents sur les immunothérapies à base de lymphocytes T modifiés pour exprimer des récepteurs antigéniques chimériques

Driving CAR T-cells forward

Jackson, Hollie J. ; Rafiq, Sarwish ; Brentjens, Renier J.

The engineered expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on the surface of T cells enables the redirection of T-cell specificity. Early clinical trials using CAR T cells for the treatment of patients with cancer showed modest results, but the impressive outcomes of several trials of CD19-targeted CAR T cells in the treatment of patients with B-cell malignancies have generated an increased enthusiasm for this approach. Important lessons have been derived from clinical trials of [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents sur les divers types d'immunothérapie des cancers

The future of cancer treatment: immunomodulation, CARs and combination immunotherapy

Khalil, Danny N. ; Smith, Eric L. ; Brentjens, Renier J. ; Wolchok, Jedd D.

In the past decade, advances in the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and adoptive cellular therapy to treat cancer by modulating the immune response have led to unprecedented responses in patients with advanced-stage tumours that would otherwise have been fatal. To date, three immune-checkpoint-blocking mAbs have been approved in the USA for the treatment of patients with several types of cancer, and more patients will benefit from immunomodulatory mAb therapy in the months and years ahead. [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt d'utiliser un membre de la superfamille du facteur de nécrose tumorale, LIGHT, pour augmenter le nombre de lymphocytes T dans le micro-environnement tumoral et renforcer l'efficacité d'une immunothérapie à base d'inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire

Facilitating T Cell Infiltration in Tumor Microenvironment Overcomes Resistance to PD-L1 Blockade

Tang, Haidong ; Wang, Yang ; Chlewicki, Lukasz K ; Zhang, Yuan ; Guo, Jingya ; Liang, Wei ; Wang, Jieyi ; Wang, Xiaoxiao ; Fu, Yang-Xin

Immune checkpoint blockade therapies fail to induce responses in the majority of cancer patients, so how to increase the objective response rate becomes an urgent challenge. Here, we demonstrate that sufficient T cell infiltration in tumor tissues is a prerequisite for response to PD-L1 blockade. Targeting tumors with tumor necrosis factor superfamily member LIGHT activates lymphotoxin

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt d'une stratégie basée sur l'inhibition de PTEN pour surmonter l'apparition d'une résistance thérapeutique chez des patients atteints d'une leucémie lymphoblastique aiguë

PTEN opposes negative selection and enables oncogenic transformation of pre-B cells

Shojaee, Seyedmehdi ; Chan, Lai N. ; Buchner, Maike ; Cazzaniga, Valeria ; Cosgun, Kadriye Nehir ; Geng, Huimin ; Qiu, Yi Hua ; von Minden, Marcus Duhren ; Ernst, Thomas ; Hochhaus, Andreas ; Cazzaniga, Giovanni ; Melnick, Ari ; Kornblau, Steven M. ; Graeber, Thomas G. ; Wu, Hong ; Jumaa, Hassan ; Müschen, Markus

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a negative regulator of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway and a potent tumor suppressor in many types of cancer. To test a tumor suppressive role for PTEN in pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we induced Cre-mediated deletion of Pten in mouse models of pre-B ALL. In contrast to its role as a tumor suppressor in other cancers, loss of one or both alleles of Pten caused rapid cell death of pre-B [...]

Menée in vitro et in vivo sur des modèles de mélanome, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt thérapeutique de combiner un inhibiteur de HSP70 avec un inhibiteur de BRAF

HSP70 inhibition limits FAK-dependent invasion and enhances the response to melanoma treatment with BRAF inhibitors

Budina-Kolomets, Anna ; Webster, Marie R ; Leu, Julia I-Ju ; Jennis, Matthew ; Krepler, Clemens ; Guerrini, Anastasia ; Kossenkov, Andrew V. ; Xu, Wei ; Karakousis, Giorgos C ; Schuchter, Lynn M. ; Amaravadi, Ravi K ; Wu, Hong ; Yin, Xiangfan ; Liu, Qin ; Lu, Yiling ; Mills, Gordon B. ; Xu, Xaiowei ; George, Donna L ; Weeraratna, Ashani T ; Murphy, Maureen E.

The stress-inducible chaperone protein HSP70 (HSPA1) is implicated in melanoma development and HSP70 inhibitors exert tumor-specific cytotoxic activity in cancer. In this study, we documented that a significant proportion of melanoma tumors express high levels of HSP70, particularly at advanced stages, and that phospho-FAK (PTK2) and BRAF are HSP70 client proteins. Treatment of melanoma cells with HSP70 inhibitors decreased levels of phospho-FAK along with impaired migration, invasion, and [...]

Menée sur plusieurs modèles précliniques de cancer du poumon, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt thérapeutique de combiner un inhibiteur d'histone désacétylase (romidepsine) avec une immunothérapie à base d'anticorps anti PD-1

HDAC inhibitors enhance T cell chemokine expression and augment response to PD-1 immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma

Zheng, Hong ; zhao, weipeng ; Yan, Cihui ; Watson, Crystina C ; Messengill, Michael ; Xie, Mengyu ; Messengill, Chris ; Noyes, David ; Martinez, Gary V. ; Afzal, Roha ; Chen, Zhihua ; Ren, Xiubao ; Antonia, Scott J ; Haura, Eric B ; Ruffell, Brian ; Beg, Amer A

Purpose: A significant limitation of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy is the relatively low response rate (e.g. ~20% with PD-1 blockade in lung cancer). In this study, we tested whether strategies which increase T cell infiltration to tumors can be efficacious in enhancing immunotherapy response. Experimental Design: We performed an unbiased screen to identify FDA-approved oncology agents with ability to enhance T cell chemokine expression with the goal of identifying agents capable of [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents sur l'efficacité du trastuzumab en traitement néo-adjuvant et adjuvant de patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein HER2+

Translating neoadjuvant therapy into survival benefits: one size does not fit all

De Mattos-Arruda, Leticia ; Shen, Ronglai ; Reis-Filho, Jorge S. ; Cortés, Javier

Neoadjuvant therapy has been established as an effective therapeutic approach for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Similar outcomes between neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy have been demonstrated in several trials. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant therapy has some advantages over adjuvant therapy, including tumour downstaging, in vivo assessment of therapeutic efficacy, reduced treatment durations, and the need to enrol fewer patients for clinical trials to reach their preplanned [...]

Menée à l'aide d'un modèle murin transgénique de cancer du sein HER2+, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes suggérant l'intérêt d'une stratégie thérapeutique basée sur l'inhibition de CDK4/6 pour surmonter l'apparition d'une résistance à une thérapie ciblée anti HER2

Overcoming Therapeutic Resistance in HER2-Positive Breast Cancers with CDK4/6 Inhibitors

Goel, Shom ; Wang, Qi ; Watt, April C ; Tolaney, Sara M ; Dillon, Deborah A ; Li, Wei ; Ramm, Susanne ; Palmer, Adam C ; Yuzugullu, Haluk ; Varadan, Vinay ; Tuck, David ; Harris, Lyndsay N ; Wong, Kwok-Kin ; Liu, X.  Shirley ; Sicinski, Piotr ; Winer, Eric P ; Krop, Ian E ; Zhao, Jean J

Using transgenic mouse models, cell line-based functional studies, and clinical specimens, we show that cyclin D1/CDK4 mediate resistance to targeted therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer. This is overcome using CDK4/6 inhibitors. Inhibition of CDK4/6 not only suppresses Rb phosphorylation, but also reduces TSC2 phosphorylation and thus partially attenuates mTORC1 activity. This relieves feedback inhibition of upstream EGFR family kinases, resensitizing tumors to EGFR/HER2 blockade. [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins de cancer métastatique du sein, cette étude évalue l'activité antitumorale d'une nanoparticule chargée à l'aide de doxorubicine

An injectable nanoparticle generator enhances delivery of cancer therapeutics

Xu, Rong ; Zhang, Guodong ; Mai, Junhua ; Deng, Xiaoyong ; Segura-Ibarra, Victor ; Wu, Suhong ; Shen, Jianliang ; Liu, Haoran ; Hu, Zhenhua ; Chen, Lingxiao ; Huang, Yi ; Koay, Eugene ; Huang, Yu ; Liu, Jun ; Ensor, Joe E. ; Blanco, Elvin ; Liu, Xuewu ; Ferrari, Mauro ; Shen, Haifa

The efficacy of cancer drugs is often limited because only a small fraction of the administered dose accumulates in tumors. Here we report an injectable nanoparticle generator (iNPG) that overcomes multiple biological barriers to cancer drug delivery. The iNPG is a discoidal micrometer-sized particle that can be loaded with chemotherapeutics. We conjugate doxorubicin to poly(L-glutamic acid) by means of a pH-sensitive cleavable linker, and load the polymeric drug (pDox) into iNPG to assemble [...]

Mené sur 37 patients atteints d'un lymphome primitif réfractaire ou récidivant du système nerveux central (âge médian : 70 ans), cet essai de phase II évalue la toxicité et l'activité antitumorale du temsirolimus

Phase II Trial of Temsirolimus for Relapsed/Refractory Primary CNS Lymphoma

Korfel, Agnieszka ; Schlegel, Uwe ; Herrlinger, Ulrich ; Dreyling, Martin ; Schmidt, Christian ; von Baumgarten, Luisa ; Pezzutto, Antonio ; Grobosch, Thomas ; Kebir, Sied ; Thiel, Eckhard ; Martus, Peter ; Kiewe, Philipp

Purpose In this phase II study (NCT00942747), temsirolimus was tested in patients with relapsed or refractory primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). Patients and Methods Immunocompetent adults with histologically confirmed PCNSL after experiencing high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy failure who were not eligible for or had experienced high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplant failure were included. The first cohort (n = 6) received 25 mg temsirolimus intravenously once per week. [...]

Mené sur 1 100 patientes atteintes d'un cancer de l'ovaire sensible aux sels de platine, cet essai randomisé international de phase III évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans progression, et la toxicité de l'ajout du farletuzumab à un traitement combinant carboplatine et paclitaxel ou docétaxel

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Weekly Farletuzumab in Combination With Carboplatin and Taxane in Patients With Ovarian Cancer in First Platinum-Sensitive Relapse

Vergote, Ignace ; Armstrong, Deborah ; Scambia, Giovanni ; Teneriello, Michael ; Sehouli, Jalid ; Schweizer, Charles ; Weil, Susan C. ; Bamias, Aristotelis ; Fujiwara, Keiichi ; Ochiai, Kazunori ; Poole, Christopher ; Gorbunova, Vera ; Wang, Wenquan ; O’Shannessy, Daniel ; Herzog, Thomas J.

Purpose Farletuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to folate receptor-α, which is highly expressed in ovarian carcinoma and largely absent from normal tissue. Farletuzumab was investigated in a double-blind, randomized phase III study in platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Patients and Methods Eligible patients had first recurrent ovarian cancer 6-24 months following completion of platinum-taxane chemotherapy. All patients received carboplatin plus paclitaxel or docetaxel (for [...]

Mené sur 75 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein ER+ HER2- après la ménopause, cet essai randomisé de phase II évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de l'évolution de l'expression de la protéine Ki-67, de l'ajout du pictilisib (un inhibiteur de PI3K) à l'anastrozole avant l'opération chirurgicale

Phase II Randomized Preoperative Window-of-Opportunity Study of the PI3K Inhibitor Pictilisib Plus Anastrozole Compared With Anastrozole Alone in Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer

Schmid, Peter ; Pinder, Sarah E. ; Wheatley, Duncan ; Macaskill, Jane ; Zammit, Charles ; Hu, Jennifer ; Price, Robert ; Bundred, Nigel ; Hadad, Sirwan ; Shia, Alice ; Sarker, Shah-Jalal ; Lim, Louise ; Gazinska, Patrycja ; Woodman, Natalie ; Korbie, Darren ; Trau, Matt ; Mainwaring, Paul ; Gendreau, Steven ; Lackner, Mark R. ; Derynck, Mika ; Wilson, Timothy R. ; Butler, Hannah ; Earl, Gemma ; Parker, Peter ; Purushotham, Arnie ; Thompson, Alastair

Purpose Preclinical data support a key role for the PI3K pathway in estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer and suggest that combining PI3K inhibitors with endocrine therapy may overcome resistance. This preoperative window study assessed whether adding the PI3K inhibitor pictilisib (GDC-0941) can increase the antitumor effects of anastrozole in primary breast cancer and aimed to identify the most appropriate patient population for combination therapy. Patients and Methods In this randomized, [...]

Menée notamment sur 2 patients atteints d'un glioblastome multiforme récidivant lié à un défaut bi-allélique du système de réparation des mésappariements de l'ADN, cette étude met en évidence une réponse cliniquement significative au nivolumab

Immune Checkpoint Inhibition for Hypermutant Glioblastoma Multiforme Resulting From Germline Biallelic Mismatch Repair Deficiency

Bouffet, Eric ; Larouche, Valérie ; Campbell, Brittany B. ; Merico, Daniele ; De Borja, Richard ; Aronson, Melyssa ; Durno, Carol ; Krueger, Joerg ; Cabric, Vanja ; Ramaswamy, Vijay ; Zhukova, Nataliya ; Mason, Gary ; Farah, Roula ; Afzal, Samina ; Yalon, Michal ; Rechavi, Gideon ; Magimairajan, Vanan ; Walsh, Michael F. ; Constantini, Shlomi ; Dvir, Rina ; Elhasid, Ronit ; Reddy, Alyssa ; Osborn, Michael ; Sullivan, Michael ; Hansford, Jordan ; Dodgshun, Andrew ; Klauber-DeMore, Nancy ; Peterson, Lindsay ; Patel, Sunil ; Lindhorst, Scott ; Atkinson, Jeffrey ; Cohen, Zane ; Laframboise, Rachel ; Dirks, Peter ; Taylor, Michael ; Malkin, David ; Albrecht, Steffen ; Dudley, Roy W.R. ; Jabado, Nada ; Hawkins, Cynthia E. ; Shlien, Adam ; Tabori, Uri

Purpose Recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is incurable with current therapies. Biallelic mismatch repair deficiency (bMMRD) is a highly penetrant childhood cancer syndrome often resulting in GBM characterized by a high mutational burden. Evidence suggests that high mutation and neoantigen loads are associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibition. Patients and Methods We performed exome sequencing and neoantigen prediction on 37 bMMRD cancers and compared them with childhood and [...]

Mené en Allemagne sur 182 patients atteints d'un glioblastome récemment diagnostiqué, cet essai de phase II compare l'efficacité, du point de vue du taux de survie sans progression à 6 mois, et la toxicité d'un traitement combinant bévacizumab et irinotécan par rapport au témozolomide

Bevacizumab Plus Irinotecan Versus Temozolomide in Newly Diagnosed O6-Methylguanine–DNA Methyltransferase Nonmethylated Glioblastoma: The Randomized GLARIUS Trial

Herrlinger, Ulrich ; Schäfer, Niklas ; Steinbach, Joachim P. ; Weyerbrock, Astrid ; Hau, Peter ; Goldbrunner, Roland ; Friedrich, Franziska ; Rohde, Veit ; Ringel, Florian ; Schlegel, Uwe ; Sabel, Michael ; Ronellenfitsch, Michael W. ; Uhl, Martin ; Maciaczyk, Jaroslaw ; Grau, Stefan ; Schnell, Oliver ; Hänel, Mathias ; Krex, Dietmar ; Vajkoczy, Peter ; Gerlach, Rüdiger ; Kortmann, Rolf-Dieter ; Mehdorn, Maximilian ; Tüttenberg, Jochen ; Mayer-Steinacker, Regine ; Fietkau, Rainer ; Brehmer, Stefanie ; Mack, Frederic ; Stuplich, Moritz ; Kebir, Sied ; Kohnen, Ralf ; Dunkl, Elmar ; Leutgeb, Barbara ; Proescholdt, Martin ; Pietsch, Torsten ; Urbach, Horst ; Belka, Claus ; Stummer, Walter ; Glas, Martin

Purpose In patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma that harbors a nonmethylated O6-methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase promotor, standard temozolomide (TMZ) has, at best, limited efficacy. The GLARIUS trial thus explored bevacizumab plus irinotecan (BEV+IRI) as an alternative to TMZ. Patients and Methods In this phase II, unblinded trial 182 patients in 22 centers were randomly assigned 2:1 to BEV (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) during radiotherapy (RT) followed by maintenance BEV (10 mg/kg every 2 [...]

Mené sur 102 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein de stade précoce traité entre 1997 et 2002 (âge : 18 à 75 ans ; durée de suivi : 15 ans), cet essai compare, du point de vue de la toxicité locale à long terme, l'intérêt d'une chimioradiothérapie séquentielle et d'une chimioradiothérapie concomitante après un traitement conservateur

Impact of sequencing radiotherapy and chemotherapy on long-term local toxicity for early breast cancer: results of a randomized study at 15 year follow up

Pinnarò, Paola ; Giordano, Carolina ; Farneti, Alessia ; Strigari, Lidia ; Landoni, Valeria ; Marucci, Laura ; Petrongari, Maria Grazia ; Sanguineti, Giuseppe

Purpose : To compare long-term late local toxicity after either concomitant (CONC) or sequential (SEQ) chemoradiotherapy after breast conserving surgery. Methods and Materials : From 1997 to 2002, women aged 18–75 years who had breast-conserving surgery and axillary dissection for early breast cancer and in whom CMF chemotherapy was planned were randomized between CONC or SEQ radiotherapy. Radiotherapy was delivered to the whole breast through tangential fields to 50 Gy/20 fractions/4 weeks, [...]

Cet article présente le programme AcSé mis en place par l'Institut national du cancer en 2013 pour faciliter un accès sécurisé aux molécules innovantes chez des patients atteints d'un cancer sur l'ensemble du territoire français

Equal access to innovative therapies and precision cancer care

Buzyn, Agnès ; Blay, Jean-Yves ; Hoog-Labouret, Natalie ; Jimenez, Marta ; Nowak, Frederique ; Deley, Marie-Cecile Le ; Pérol, David ; Cailliot, Christian ; Raynaud, Jacques ; Vassal, Gilles

Patients with cancers of differing histologies that express certain biomarkers are likely to benefit from treatment with targeted therapies. However, targets can be present in malignancies other than those indicated by a drug's label, and as a result, affected patients will have no access to those potentially useful drugs. To tackle this issue, the French National Cancer Institute developed the AcSe Programme in 2013. This programme is designed to make treatment decisions or recommendations on [...]

Cet article présente les données ayant servi de base à l'autorisation de mise sur le marché délivrée en octobre 2015 par la "Food and Drug Administration" au nivolumab dans le traitement des patients atteints d'un cancer métastatique du poumon non à petites cellules

FDA Approval Summary: Nivolumab for the Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Progression On or After Platinum-Based Chemotherapy

Kazandjian, Dickran ; Suzman, Daniel L. ; Blumenthal, Gideon ; Mushti, Sirisha ; He, Kun ; Libeg, Meredith ; Keegan, Patricia ; Pazdur, Richard

On October 9, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration expanded the nivolumab metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) indication to include patients with nonsquamous NSCLC after a 3.25-month review timeline. Approval was based on demonstration of an improvement in overall survival (OS) in an international, multicenter, open-label, randomized trial comparing nivolumab to docetaxel in patients with metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC with progression on or after platinum-based chemotherapy. The [...]

Cet article présente les recommandations de l'Association Européenne d'Urologie, complétées et adoptées par l'ASCO (The American Society of Clinical Oncology ), concernant la prise en charge thérapeutique d'un cancer invasif ou métastatique de la vessie

Guideline on Muscle-Invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer (European Association of Urology guideline) : American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Endorsement

Milowsky, Matthew I. ; Rumble, R. Bryan ; Booth, Christopher M. ; Gilligan, Timothy ; Eapen, Libni J. ; Hauke, Ralph J. ; Boumansour, Pat ; Lee, Cheryl T.

Purpose : To endorse the European Association of Urology guideline on muscle-invasive (MIBC) and metastatic bladder cancer. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has a policy and set of procedures for endorsing clinical practice guidelines that have been developed by other professional organizations. Methods : The guideline on MIBC and metastatic bladder cancer was reviewed for developmental rigor by methodologists. The ASCO Endorsement Panel then reviewed the content and [...]