Menée sur un échantillon représentatif des jeunes Américains incluant 3 202 utilisateurs de tabac âgés de 9 à 17 ans, cette étude analyse, en fonction de critères socio-démographiques, la prévalence de 5 modèles de tabagisme (cigarettes, produits tabagiques non combustibles, utilisation conjointe de deux produits tabagiques, ...)

A Risk-Continuum Categorization of Product Use among U.S. Youth Tobacco Users

El-Toukhy, Sherine ; Choi, Kelvin

Introduction : To examine prevalence and correlates of five mutually exclusive tobacco-use patterns among U.S. youth tobacco users. Methods : A nationally representative sample of tobacco users (N = 3,202, 9 – 17 years) was classified into five product-use patterns. Weighted multinominal and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine prevalence of product-use pattern by gender, race and ethnicity, and grade level; and associations between product-use pattern and perceived [...]

A partir des données de trois études menées au Royaume-Uni, en Finlande et au Japon (nombre total de participants : 12 671 ; âge : 35 à 68 ans ; durée moyenne de suivi selon l'étude : 5,1, 6,5 ou 3,6 ans), cette étude analyse l'évolution des inégalités socio-économiques relatives et absolues dans la consommation du tabac

Changes over time in absolute and relative socioeconomic differences in smoking: A comparison of cohort studies from Britain, Finland and Japan

Lahelma, Eero ; Pietiläinen, Olli ; Ferrie, Jane ; Kivimäki, Mika ; Lahti, Jouni ; Marmot, Michael ; Rahkonen, Ossi ; Sekine, Michikazu ; Shipley, Martin ; Tatsuse, Takashi ; Lallukka, Tea

Introduction : Socioeconomic differences in smoking over time and across national contexts are poorly understood. We assessed the magnitude of relative and absolute social class differences in smoking in cohorts from Britain, Finland and Japan over 5-7 years. Methods : The British Whitehall II study (n=4350), Finnish Helsinki Health Study (n=6328), and Japanese Civil Servants Study (n=1993) all included employed men and women aged 35-68 at baseline in 1997-2002. Follow-up was in 2003-2007 (mean [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 47 602 participantes afro-américaines (âge : 21 à 69 ans ; période de suivi : 1995-2013), cette étude analyse l'association entre la consommation de poisson ou une alimentation riche en acides gras oméga-3 à longue chaîne et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre (282 cas) en fonction de l'indice de masse corporelle

Associations of Dietary Long-Chain omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Fish Consumption With Endometrial Cancer Risk in the Black Women's Health Study

Brasky, Theodore M. ; Sponholtz, Todd R. ; Palmer, Julie R. ; Rosenberg, Lynn ; Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A. ; Wise, Lauren A.

Dietary long-chain (LC)

Cet article passe en revue les études précliniques concernant l'efficacité et les mécanismes d'action du resvératrol dans la chimioprévention et le traitement des cancers mammaires

Resveratrol for breast cancer prevention and therapy : Preclinical evidence and molecular mechanisms

Sinha, Dona ; Sarkar, Nivedita ; Biswas, Jaydip ; Bishayee, Anupam

Globally, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women. The major unresolved problems with metastatic breast cancer is recurrence after receiving objective response to chemotherapy, drug-induced side effects of first line chemotherapy and delayed response to second line of treatment. Unfortunately, very few options are available as third line treatment. It is clear that under such circumstances there is an urgent need for new and effective drugs. Phytochemicals are among [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données 2011-2012 d'une enquête nationale portant sur 20 565 adolescentes âgées de 13 à 17 ans, cette étude analyse l'association entre des facteurs géographiques et le taux de première vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain

Geographic Factors and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Initiation Among Adolescent Girls in the United States

Henry, Kevin A. ; Stroup, Antoinette M. ; Warner, Echo L. ; Kepka, Deanna

Background: This study is among the first to explore geographic factors that may be associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake in the United States. Methods: Data from the 2011 and 2012 National Immunization Survey-Teen for 20,565 female adolescents aged 13 to 17 years were analyzed to examine associations of HPV vaccine initiation (receipt of at least one dose) with ZIP code–level geographic factors. Logistic regression including individual and geographic factors was used to [...]

Cet article passe en revue les progrès réalisés en immuno-oncologie et dans les domaines de la médecine de précision (biologie moléculaire, génétique, ...) qui influencent la recherche sur la prévention des cancers

Transforming Cancer Prevention through Precision Medicine and Immune-oncology

Kensler, Thomas W. ; Spira, Avrum ; Garber, Judy E. ; Szabo, Eva ; Lee, J. Jack ; Dong, Zigang ; Dannenberg, Andrew J. ; Hait, William N. ; Blackburn, Elizabeth ; Davidson, Nancy E. ; Foti, Margaret ; Lippman, Scott M.

We have entered a transformative period in cancer prevention (including early detection). Remarkable progress in precision medicine and immune-oncology, driven by extraordinary recent advances in genome-wide sequencing, big-data analytics, blood-based technologies, and deep understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment (TME), has provided unprecedented possibilities to study the biology of premalignancy. The pace of research and discovery in precision medicine and immunoprevention has been [...]