A partir des données de la cohorte "Women' Lifestyle and Health Study" incluant 45 233 paticipantes, cette étude évalue les effets d'un surpoids ou d'une obésité sur l'association entre une consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer du sein (1 385 cas), selon le statut des récepteurs des estrogènes ou de la progestérone

Alcohol consumption, body mass index and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor status: Women' Lifestyle and Health Study

Shin, Aesun ; Sandin, Sven ; Lof, Marie ; Margolis, Karen ; Kim, Kyeezu ; Couto, Elisabeth ; Adami, Hans ; Weiderpass, Elisabete

BACKGROUND:We aimed to estimate the effect of alcohol consumption on breast cancer risk and to test whether overweight and obesity modifies this association. METHODS:We included in the analysis 45,233 women enrolled in the Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health study between 1991 and 1992. Participants were followed for occurrence of breast cancer and death until December 2009. Poisson regression models were used, and analyses were done for overall breast cancer and for estrogen receptor positive [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en juin 2015 (76 études de cohortes prospectives, 32 758 cas de cancer), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre 67 indicateurs de régimes alimentaires et le risque de cancer de l'estomac

Landscape of dietary factors associated with risk of gastric cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Fang, Xuexian ; Wei, Jiayu ; He, Xuyan ; An, Peng ; Wang, Hao ; Jiang, Li ; Shao, Dandan ; Liang, Han ; Li, Yi ; Wang, Fudi ; Min, Junxia

Background : The associations between dietary factors and gastric cancer risk have been analysed by many studies, but with inconclusive results. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies to systematically investigate the associations. Methods : Relevant studies were identified through searching Medline, Embase, and Web of Science up to June 30, 2015. We included prospective cohort studies of intake of dietary factors with risk estimates and 95% confidence intervals for gastric cancer. [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (42 méta-analyses), cette étude fait le point sur l'association entre une consommation de viandes et le risque de divers cancers

Meat consumption and cancer risk: a critical review of published meta-analyses

Lippi, Giuseppe ; Mattiuzzi, Camilla ; Cervellin, Gianfranco

Dietary habits play a substantial role for increasing or reducing cancer risk. We performed a critical review of scientific literature, to describe the findings of meta-analyses that explored the association between meat consumption and cancer risk. Overall, 42 eligible meta-analyses were included in this review, in which meat consumption was assumed from sheer statistics. Convincing association was found between larger intake of red meat and cancer, especially with colorectal, lung, esophageal [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "NIH-AARPDiet and Health Study" incluant 193 742 participantes, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à des nitrites et du fer héminique, contenus dans les viandes rouges et les viandes transformées, et le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause (9 305 cas sur la période 1995-2006)

Red and processed meat, nitrite, and heme iron intakes and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the NIH-AARPDiet and Health Study

Inoue-Choi, Maki ; Sinha, Rashmi ; Gierach, Gretchen L. ; Ward, Mary H.

Previous studies have shown inconsistent associations between red and processed meat intake and breast cancer risk. N-nitroso compounds and heme iron have been hypothesized as contributing factors. We followed 193,742 postmenopausal women in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study and identified 9,305 incident breast cancers (1995–2006). Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. We adjusted daily intakes of meat, nitrite and heme iron for energy intake using the [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 1 217 cas et 1 235 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à des rayonnements ultraviolets et le risque de cancer du rein

A case–control study of occupational sunlight exposure and renal cancer risk

Karami, Sara ; Colt, Joanne S. ; Stewart, Patricia A. ; Schwartz, Kendra ; Davis, Faith G. ; Ruterbusch, Julie J. ; Chow, Wong-Ho ; Wacholder, Sholom ; Graubard, Barry I. ; Purdue, Mark P. ; Moore, Lee E.

Epidemiological evidence of a relationship between vitamin D and kidney cancer risk has been inconsistent despite experimental data indicating that vitamin D and its metabolites may inhibit carcinogenesis. Previously we reported an inverse association between renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk and occupational ultraviolet (UV) exposure among European men. In this study, we examined the association between occupational UV exposure and RCC risk among US residents and investigated whether this [...]

Menée à Taïwan sur 28 820 participants, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une exposition à long terme à des particules fines, le niveau d'alanine aminotransférase et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire (464 cas; durée médiane de suivi : 16,9 ans)

Fine Particle Pollution, Alanine Transaminase, and Liver Cancer: A Taiwanese Prospective Cohort Study (REVEAL-HBV)

Pan, Wen-Chi ; Wu, Chih-Da ; Chen, Mu-Jean ; Huang, Yen-Tsung ; Chen, Chien-Jen ; Su, Huey-Jen ; Yang, Hwai-I

Background: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may promote hepatic tumorgenesis through low-grade inflammation. Therefore, we assessed the association of long-term exposure levels of PM2.5 and subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and investigated the mediation effect of inflammation as represented by alanine aminotransferase (ALT) on this association. Methods: Between 1991 and 1992, we recruited 23 820 participants in Taiwan with no history of HCC. Case patients of HCC [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 1987 et 2014, cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une exposition à du benzène et à des produits solvants, chez les parents puis in utero et au début de la vie, et le risque de leucémie chez l'enfant

Parental, In Utero, and Early-Life Exposure to Benzene and the Risk of Childhood Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis

Carlos-Wallace, Frolayne M. ; Zhang, Luoping ; Smith, Martyn T. ; Rader, Gabriella ; Steinmaus, Craig

Benzene is an established cause of adult leukemia, but whether it is associated with childhood leukemia remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis in which we reviewed the epidemiologic literature on this topic and explored causal inference, bias, and heterogeneity. The exposure metrics that we evaluated included occupational and household use of benzenes and solvents, traffic density, and traffic-related air pollution. For studies of occupational and household product exposure published [...]

Couplée aux données des registres américains des cancers et portant sur 676 cas et 511 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des concentrations d'hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, mesurées dans les poussière de tapis et dans l'air ambiant sur le lieu de résidence, et le risque de lymphome non hodgkinien

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: determinants of residential carpet dust levels and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

DellaValle, CurtT ; Deziel, NicoleC ; Jones, RenaR ; Colt, JoanneS ; De Roos, AnneclaireJ ; Cerhan, JamesR ; Cozen, Wendy ; Severson, RichardK ; Flory, AbigailR ; Morton, LindsayM ; Ward, MaryH

Purpose : To investigate the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) associated with residential carpet dust measurements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Methods : We evaluated the relationship between residential carpet dust PAH concentrations (benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, chrysene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, and indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, and their sum) and risk of NHL (676 cases, 511 controls) in the National Cancer Institute Surveillance [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données de la base Medicare, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre des facteurs hormonaux et reproductifs et le risque de tumeurs myéloprolifératives après la ménopause (durée de suivi supérieure à 250 000 personnes-années)

Hormonal and Reproductive Factors and Risk of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in Postmenopausal Women

Leal, Alexis D. ; Thompson, Carrie A. ; Wang, Alice H. ; Vierkant, Robert A. ; Habermann, Thomas M. ; Ross, Julie A. ; Mesa, Ruben ; Virnig, Beth A. ; Cerhan, James R.

Background: Hormonal and reproductive history has been associated with risk of some hematologic malignancies, but their role in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) is largely unknown. Methods: Using a population-based cohort study, we evaluated the association of these factors with risk of MPN overall, and for essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV) specifically. Incident MPN cases from 1993-2004 were identified via linkage to Medicare. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence [...]

A partir des données de deux essais menés sur la cohorte "Women’s Health Initiative", cette étude analyse les disparités ethniques dans l'association entre l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause, l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de cancer du sein

Breast Cancer and Menopausal Hormone Therapy by Race/Ethnicity and Body Mass Index

Chlebowski, Rowan T. ; Anderson, Garnet L. ; Aragaki, Aaron K. ; Prentice, Ross

In analyses combining estrogen with or without progestin, some observational studies describe minimal breast cancer risk in obese and black women. Therefore, we examined these suggested interactions in the two Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) randomized hormone therapy trials. The estrogen plus progestin trial entered 16 608 postmenopausal women with a uterus, while the estrogen trial entered 10 736 postmenopausal women with prior hysterectomy. Hazard ratios (HRs), 95% confidence intervals [...]

Couplée aux données des registres américains des cancers et portant sur 1 108 986 cas et 100 000 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par le virus herpès zoster et le risque de cancer chez une population âgée de plus de 65 ans

Herpes zoster and risk of cancer in the elderly US population

Mahale, Parag ; Yanik, Elizabeth L. ; Engels, Eric A.

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) arises in older people due to age-related decline in immunity. We assessed whether HZ, as a marker of immune suppression, is associated with increased cancer risk. Methods: We conducted a case-control study in US adults aged ≥ 65 years using the SEER-Medicare linked database. Cases (n=1,108,986) were people with first cancers identified in cancer registries (1992-2005). Controls (n=100,000) were cancer-free individuals frequency-matched to cases on age, sex, and [...]

Menée en Espagne à partir de données portant sur 576 patients et 576 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par divers sous-types de la bactérie Streptococcus gallolyticus et le risque de cancer colorectal

Association of Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus with colorectal cancer: Serological evidence

Butt, Julia ; Romero-Hernández, Beatriz ; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz ; Willhauck-Fleckenstein, Martina ; Holzinger, Dana ; Martin, Vicente ; Moreno, Víctor ; Linares, Cristina ; Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad ; Barricarte, Aurelio ; Tardon, Adonina ; Altzibar, Jone M. ; Moreno-Osset, Eduardo ; Franco, Francisco ; Requena, Rocío Olmedo ; Huerta, José María ; Michel, Angelika ; Waterboer, Tim ; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma ; Kogevinas, Manolis ; Pollan, Marina ; Boleij, Annemarie ; de Sanjose, Silvia ; del Campo, Rosa ; Tjalsma, Harold ; Aragonés, Nuria ; Pawlita, Michael

The colonic opportunist Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGG) is potentially associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). Large-scale seroepidemiological data for SGG antibodies and their possible association with CRC is currently missing. Associations between CRC and antibody responses to SGG were examined in 576 CRC cases and 576 controls matched by sex, age and province from a population-based multicase–control project (MCC-Spain). MCC-Spain was conducted between 2008 and 2013 [...]

Couplée à une étude de cohorte britannique et portant sur 529 cas et 5 000 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'apparition d'un diabète de type 2, des changements dans les niveaux d'hémoglobine glyquée (HbA1c), une utilisation de médicaments anti-diabétiques, et le risque de cancer du pancréas

New-onset type 2 diabetes, elevated HbA1c, anti-diabetic medications, and risk of pancreatic cancer

Lu, Yunxia ; Rodriguez, Luis Alberto Garcia ; Malgerud, Linnea ; Gonzalez-Perez, Antonio ; Martin-Perez, Mar ; Lagergren, Jesper ; Bexelius, Tomas S.

Background: Associations between type 2 diabetes, anti-diabetic medications and pancreatic cancer are controversial. This study aims to clarify such associations with new-onset type 2 diabetes and repeated measurements of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Methods: A nested case–control study was initiated from the Health Improvement Network (THIN) in UK from 1996 to 2010. Information of pancreatic cancer cases was retrieved electronically from the medical records and manually validated. [...]

Menée à Taïwan auprès de 7 681 cas et 76 762 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une utilisation de médicaments inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons, qui réduisent la sécrétion d’acide gastrique, et le risque de cancers périampullaires

Proton pump inhibitors and risk of periampullary cancers—A nested case–control study

Chien, Li-Nien ; Huang, Yan-Jiun ; Shao, Yu-Hsuan Joni ; Chang, Chen-Jung ; Chuang, Ming-Tsang ; Chiou, Hung-Yi ; Yen, Yun

Considerable attention has been focused on long-term use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medications in relation to increased risk of cancer via stimulation of DNA-damaged cells. The aim of this study is to examine the dose-dependent effect of PPI on periampullary cancers in a national population-based cohort. A nested case–control analysis was constructed based on Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and the Taiwan Cancer Registry between the years 2000 and 2010. Cases involving [...]

Menée en Finlande auprès de 78 615 participants, cette étude de cohorte rétrospective évalue l'association entre une utilisation de digoxine, de sotalol et d'autres médicaments anti-arythmiques, et le risque de cancer de la prostate (durée médiane de suivi : 12 ans, 6 639 cas)

Prostate cancer risk among users of digoxin and other antiarrhythmic drugs in the Finnish Prostate Cancer Screening Trial

Kaapu, K. J. ; Murtola, T. J. ; Maattanen, L. ; Talala, K. ; Taari, K. ; Tammela, T. L. J. ; Auvinen, A.

Purpose : Long-term usage of the antiarrhythmic drug digoxin has been connected to lowered risk of prostate cancer. A recent study has suggested that beta-blockers might also have similar risk-decreasing effects. We evaluated the association between use of digoxin, beta-blocker sotalol, and other antiarrhythmic drugs and prostate cancer risk in a retrospective cohort study. Methods : Our study population consisted of men in the Finnish Prostate Cancer Screening Trial during 1996–2012 (n = [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Women's Health Initiative Observational Study" incluant 71 439 participantes, cette étude évalue l'association entre des symptômes de dépression, l'utilisation de médicaments anti-dépresseurs et le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause

Depression, antidepressant use, and postmenopausal breast cancer risk

Brown, Susan B. ; Hankinson, Susan E. ; Arcaro, Kathleen F. ; Qian, Jing ; Reeves, Katherine W.

Background : Whether depression and antidepressant (AD) use might influence breast cancer risk is unclear, and these exposures have not been evaluated together in a single, prospective cohort study of breast cancer risk. Methods : Among 71,439 postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS), we estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for the independent and joint effects of depressive symptoms and AD use on breast cancer risk using Cox [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 76 637 cas et 83 796 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le variant K3326X du gène BRCA2 et le risque de cancer du sein, de la prostate et de l'ovaire

BRCA2 Polymorphic Stop Codon K3326X and the Risk of Breast, Prostate, and Ovarian Cancers

Meeks, Huong D. ; Song, Honglin ; Michailidou, Kyriaki ; Bolla, Manjeet K. ; Dennis, Joe ; Wang, Qin ; Barrowdale, Daniel ; Frost, Debra ; EMBRACE ; McGuffog, Lesley ; Ellis, Steve ; Feng, Bingjian ; Buys, Saundra S. ; Hopper, John L. ; Southey, Melissa C. ; Tesoriero, Andrea ; kConFab Investigators ; James, Paul A. ; Bruinsma, Fiona ; Campbell, Ian G. ; Australia Ovarian Cancer Study Group ; Broeks, Annegien ; Schmidt, Marjanka K. ; Hogervorst, Frans B. L. ; HEBON ; Beckman, Matthias W. ; Fasching, Peter A. ; Fletcher, Olivia ; Johnson, Nichola ; Sawyer, Elinor J. ; Riboli, Elio ; Banerjee, Susana ; Menon, Usha ; Tomlinson, Ian ; Burwinkel, Barbara ; Hamann, Ute ; Marme, Frederik ; Rudolph, Anja ; Janavicius, Ramunas ; Tihomirova, Laima ; Tung, Nadine ; Garber, Judy ; Cramer, Daniel ; Terry, Kathryn L. ; Poole, Elizabeth M. ; Tworoger, Shelley S. ; Dorfling, Cecilia M. ; van Rensburg, Elizabeth J. ; Godwin, Andrew K. ; Guénel, Pascal ; Truong, Thérèse ; Gemo Study Collaborators ; Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique ; Damiola, Francesca ; Mazoyer, Sylvie ; Sinilnikova, Olga M. ; Isaacs, Claudine ; Maugard, Christine ; Bojesen, Stig E. ; Flyger, Henrik ; Gerdes, Anne-Marie ; Hansen, Thomas V. O. ; Jensen, Allen ; Kjaer, Susanne K. ; Hogdall, Claus ; Hogdall, Estrid ; Pedersen, Inge Sokilde ; Thomassen, Mads ; Benítez, Javier ; Gonzalez-Neira, Anna ; Osorio, Ana ; Hoya, Miguel de la ; Segura, Pedro Perez ; Díez, Orland ; Lázaro, Conxi ; Brunet, Joan ; Anton-Culver, Hoda ; Eunjung, Lee ; John, Esther M. ; Neuhausen, Susan L. ; Ding, Yuan Chun ; Castillo, Danielle ; Weitzel, Jeffrey N. ; Ganz, Patricia A. ; Nussbaum, Robert L. ; Chan, Salina B. ; Karlan, Beth Y. ; Lester, Jenny ; Wu, Anna ; Gayther, Simon ; Ramus, Susan J. ; Sieh, Weiva ; Whittermore, Alice S. ; Monteiro, Alvaro N. A. ; Phelan, Catherine M. ; Terry, Mary Beth ; Piedmonte, Marion ; Offit, Kenneth ; Robson, Mark ; Levine, Douglas ; Moysich, Kirsten B. ; Cannioto, Rikki ; Olson, Sara H. ; Daly, Mary B. ; Nathanson, Katherine L. ; Domchek, Susan M. ; Lu, Karen H. ; Liang, Dong ; Hildebrant, Michelle A. T. ; Ness, Roberta ; Modugno, Francesmary ; Pearce, Leigh ; Goodman, Marc T. ; Thompson, Pamela J. ; Brenner, Hermann ; Butterbach, Katja ; Meindl, Alfons ; Hahnen, Eric ; Wappenschmidt, Barbara ; Brauch, Hiltrud ; Brüning, Thomas ; Blomqvist, Carl ; Khan, Sofia ; Nevanlinna, Heli ; Pelttari, Liisa M. ; Aittomaki, Kristiina ; Butzow, Ralf ; Bogdanova, Natalia V. ; Dörk, Thilo ; Lindblom, Annika ; Margolin, Sara ; Rantala, Johanna ; Kosma, Veli-Matti ; Mannermaa, Arto ; Lambrechts, Diether ; Neven, Patrick ; Claes, Kathleen B. M. ; Maerken, Tom Van ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Flesch-Janys, Dieter ; Heitz, Florian ; Varon-Mateeva, Raymonda ; Peterlongo, Paolo ; Radice, Paolo ; Viel, Alessandra ; Barile, Monica ; Peissel, Bernard ; Manoukian, Siranoush ; Montagna, Marco ; Oliani, Cristina ; Peixoto, Ana ; Teixeira, Manuel R. ; Collavoli, Anita ; Hallberg, Emily ; Olson, Janet E. ; Goode, Ellen L. ; Hart, Steven N. ; Shimelis, Hermela ; Cunningham, Julie M. ; Giles, Graham G. ; Milne, Roger L. ; Healey, Sue ; Tucker, Kathy ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Henderson, Brian E. ; Goldberg, Mark S. ; Tischkowitz, Marc ; Simard, Jacques ; Soucy, Penny ; Eccles, Diana M. ; Le, Nhu ; Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise ; Kristensen, Vessela ; Salvesen, Helga B. ; Bjorge, Line ; Bandera, Elisa V. ; Risch, Harvey ; Zheng, Wei ; Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia ; Cai, Hui ; Pylkas, Katri ; Tollenaar, Robert A. E. M. ; Ouweland, Ans M. W. van der ; Andrulis, Irene L. ; Knight, Julia A. ; OCGN ; Narod, Steven ; Devilee, Peter ; Winqvist, Robert ; Figueroa, Jonine ; Greene, Mark H. ; Mai, Phuong L. ; Loud, Jennifer T. ; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat ; Schoemaker, Minouk J. ; Czene, Kamila ; Darabi, Hatef ; McNeish, Iain ; Siddiquil, Nadeem ; Glasspool, Rosalind ; Kwong, Ava ; Park, Sue K. ; Teo, Soo Hwang ; Yoon, Sook-Yee ; Matsuo, Keitaro ; Hosono, Satoyo ; Woo, Yin Ling ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Foretova, Lenka ; Singer, Christian F. ; Rappaport-Feurhauser, Christine ; Friedman, Eitan ; Laitman, Yael ; Rennert, Gad ; Imyanitov, Evgeny N. ; Hulick, Peter J. ; Olopade, Olufunmilayo I. ; Senter, Leigha ; Olah, Edith ; Doherty, Jennifer A. ; Schildkraut, Joellen ; Koppert, Linetta B. ; Kiemeney, Lambertus A. ; Massuger, Leon F. A. G. ; Cook, Linda S. ; Pejovic, Tanja ; Li, Jingmei ; Borg, Ake ; Öfverholm, Anna ; Rossing, Mary Anne ; Wentzensen, Nicolas ; Henriksson, Karin ; Cox, Angela ; Cross, Simon S. ; Pasini, Barbara J. ; Shah, Mitul ; Kabisch, Maria ; Torres, Diana ; Jakubowska, Anna ; Lubinski, Jan ; Gronwald, Jacek ; Agnarsson, Bjarni A. ; Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta ; Moes-Sosnowska, Joanna ; Fostira, Florentia ; Konstantopoulou, Irene ; Slager, Susan ; Jones, Michael ; PRostate cancer AssoCiation group To Investigate Cancer Associated aLterations in the genome ; Antoniou, Antonis C. ; Berchuck, Andrew ; Swerdlow, Anthony ; Chenevix-Trench, Georgia ; Dunning, Alison M. ; Pharoah, Paul D. P. ; Hall, Per ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Couch, Fergus J. ; Spurdle, Amanda B. ; Goldgar, David E.

Background: The K3326X variant in BRCA2 (BRCA2*c.9976A>T; p.Lys3326*; rs11571833) has been found to be associated with small increased risks of breast cancer. However, it is not clear to what extent linkage disequilibrium with fully pathogenic mutations might account for this association. There is scant information about the effect of K3326X in other hormone-related cancers. Methods: Using weighted logistic regression, we analyzed data from the large iCOGS study including 76 637 cancer case [...]

Menée sur une cohorte multi-ethnique de 9 237 hommes, cette étude évalue la contribution des variants génétiques rares à l'héritabilité du cancer de la prostate

The contribution of rare variation to prostate cancer heritability

Mancuso, Nicholas ; Rohland, Nadin ; Rand, Kristin A. ; Tandon, Arti ; Allen, Alexander ; Quinque, Dominique ; Mallick, Swapan ; Li, Heng ; Stram, Alex ; Sheng, Xin ; Kote-Jarai, Zsofia ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Eeles, Rosalind A. ; The, Practical Consortium ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Lubwama, Alex ; Stram, Daniel ; Watya, Stephen ; Conti, David V. ; Henderson, Brian ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Pasaniuc, Bogdan ; Reich, David

We report targeted sequencing of 63 known prostate cancer risk regions in a multi-ancestry study of 9,237 men and use the data to explore the contribution of low-frequency variation to disease risk. We show that SNPs with minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of 0.1-1% explain a substantial fraction of prostate cancer risk in men of African ancestry. We estimate that these SNPs account for 0.12 (standard error (s.e.) = 0.05) of variance in risk ([sim]42% of the variance contributed by SNPs with MAF [...]

Menée en population européenne sur 12 638 cas de cancer colorectal et 29 045 témoins, cette étude suggère que les variants génétiques rares ne rendent compte que d'une faible part de l'héritabilité inexpliquée de la maladie

Recurrent Coding Sequence Variation Explains Only A Small Fraction of the Genetic Architecture of Colorectal Cancer

Timofeeva, Maria N. ; Kinnersley, Ben ; Farrington, Susan M. ; Whiffin, Nicola ; Palles, Claire ; Svinti, Victoria ; Lloyd, Amy ; Gorman, Maggie ; Ooi, Li-Yin ; Hosking, Fay ; Barclay, Ella ; Zgaga, Lina ; Dobbins, Sara ; Martin, Lynn ; Theodoratou, Evropi ; Broderick, Peter ; Tenesa, Albert ; Smillie, Claire ; Grimes, Graeme ; Hayward, Caroline ; Campbell, Archie ; Porteous, David ; Deary, Ian J. ; Harris, Sarah E. ; Northwood, Emma L. ; Barrett, Jennifer H. ; Smith, Gillian ; Wolf, Roland ; Forman, David ; Morreau, Hans ; Ruano, Dina ; Tops, Carli ; Wijnen, Juul ; Schrumpf, Melanie ; Boot, Arnoud ; Vasen, Hans F. A. ; Hes, Frederik J. ; van Wezel, Tom ; Franke, Andre ; Lieb, Wolgang ; Schafmayer, Clemens ; Hampe, Jochen ; Buch, Stephan ; Propping, Peter ; Hemminki, Kari ; Försti, Asta ; Westers, Helga ; Hofstra, Robert ; Pinheiro, Manuela ; Pinto, Carla ; Teixeira, Manuel ; Ruiz-Ponte, Clara ; Fernández-Rozadilla, Ceres ; Carracedo, Angel ; Castells, Antoni ; Castellvi-Bel, Sergi ; Campbell, Harry ; Bishop, D. Timothy ; Tomlinson, Ian P. M. ; Dunlop, Malcolm G. ; Houlston, Richard S.

Whilst common genetic variation in many non-coding genomic regulatory regions are known to impart risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), much of the heritability of CRC remains unexplained. To examine the role of recurrent coding sequence variation in CRC aetiology, we genotyped 12,638 CRCs cases and 29,045 controls from six European populations. Single-variant analysis identified a coding variant (rs3184504) in SH2B3 (12q24) associated with CRC risk (OR = 1.08, P = 3.9 × 10−7), and novel damaging [...]

Menée sur des patients pédiatriques atteints d'un néphroblastome (d'origine familiale ou non), cette étude suggère que le gène REST exerce une fonction de suppresseur de tumeur et montre que les mutations de ce gène rendent compte d'environ 2% des cas de la maladie

Mutations in the transcriptional repressor REST predispose to Wilms tumor

Mahamdallie, Shazia S. ; Hanks, Sandra ; Karlin, Kristen L. ; Zachariou, Anna ; R Perdeaux, Elizabeth ; Ruark, Elise ; Shaw, Chad A. ; Renwick, Alexander ; Ramsay, Emma ; Yost, Shawn ; Elliott, Anna ; Birch, Jillian ; Capra, Michael ; Gray, Juliet ; Hale, Juliet ; Kingston, Judith ; Levitt, Gill ; McLean, Thomas ; Sheridan, Eamonn ; Renwick, Anthony ; Seal, Sheila ; Stiller, Charles ; Sebire, Neil ; Westbrook, Thomas F. ; Rahman, Nazneen

Wilms tumor is the most common childhood renal cancer. To identify mutations that predispose to Wilms tumor, we are conducting exome sequencing studies. Here we describe 11 different inactivating mutations in the REST gene (encoding RE1-silencing transcription factor) in four familial Wilms tumor pedigrees and nine non-familial cases. Notably, no similar mutations were identified in the ICR1000 control series (13/558 versus 0/993; P < 0.0001) or in the ExAC series (13/558 versus 0/61,312; P < [...]

Menée en Suède, cette étude évalue l'association entre diverses caractéristiques des grossesses et le risque de cancer du sein avant la ménopause (8 327 cas et 2 groupes témoins, soeurs-témoins et témoins en population générale)

Pregnancy history and risk of premenopausal breast cancer—a nested case-control study

Hajiebrahimi, Mohammadhossein ; Cnattingius, Sven ; Lambe, Mats ; Bahmanyar, Shahram

Background: Reproductive factors are well-known risk factors for premenopausal breast cancer (PBC). It is unknown whether these associations are modified by familial factors, including genetic and early environment factors. Methods: Using Swedish health registries, we performed a nested case-control study with two control groups: sister controls and population controls. The study population included women with live singleton births between 1973 and 2010, who also had a full sister who gave [...]

Couplée aux données de la cohorte "Nurses' Health Studies" et incluant 488 cas et 1 907 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre deux types d'hyperplasies atypiques et le risque de cancer du sein

Breast cancer risk by extent and type of atypical hyperplasia: An update from the Nurses' Health Studies

Collins, Laura C. ; Aroner, Sarah A. ; Connolly, James L. ; Colditz, Graham A. ; Schnitt, Stuart J. ; Tamimi, Rulla M.

BACKGROUND Women with atypical hyperplasia (AH) on a benign breast biopsy specimen are at increased risk for the development of breast cancer. However, the relation between the type and extent of AH (atypical ductal hyperplasia [ADH] vs atypical lobular hyperplasia [ALH]) and the magnitude of the breast cancer risk is not well defined. METHODS A nested case-control study of benign breast disease and breast cancer risk was conducted. Women with breast cancer and prior benign breast biopsy [...]

Menée sur 400 cas et 400 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des variants des gènes CYP1A1 ou GSTP1 et le risque de cancer du sein

CYP1A1 and GSTP1 gene variations in breast cancer: a systematic review and case–control study

Akhtar, Sumaira ; Mahjabeen, Ishrat ; Akram, Zertashia ; Kayani, MahmoodAkhtar

In first part of this study, a systematic review was designed to explore the involvement of CYP1A1 and GSTP1 genes in breast cancerogenesis. Based on systematic review, we designed a study to screen CYP1A1 and GSTP1 genes for mutation and their possible association with breast carcinogenesis. A total of 400 individuals were collected and analyzed by PCR-SSCP. After sequence analysis of coding region of CYP1A1 we identified eleven mutations in different exons of respective gene. Among these [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (25 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une résistance à l'insuline et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre

Insulin resistance and endometrial cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hernandez, Adrian V. ; Pasupuleti, Vinay ; Benites-Zapata, Vicente A. ; Thota, Priyaleela ; Deshpande, Abhishek ; Perez-Lopez, Faustino R.

Aim : It has been suggested that chronic hyperinsulinemia from insulin resistance is involved in the etiology of endometrial cancer (EC). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether insulin resistance is associated with the risk of EC. Methods : We searched PubMed-Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published from database inception through 30th September 2014. We included all observational studies evaluating components defining insulin resistance [...]

A partir de données de 4 études d'association sur le génome entier menées en population d'origine chinoise (2 152 cas, 3 740 témoins), cette méta-analyse identifie un nouveau locus sur la région chromosomique CLPTM1L/TERT en association avec le risque de carcinome du rhinopharynx

A GWAS meta-analysis and replication study identifies a novel locus within CLPTM1L/TERT associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in individuals of Chinese ancestry

Bei, Jin-Xin ; Su, Wen-Hui ; Ng, Ching-Ching ; Yu, Kai ; Chin, Yoon-Ming ; Lou, Pei-Jen ; Hsu, Wan-Lun ; McKay, James D. ; Chen, Chien-Jen ; Chang, Yu-Sun ; Chen, Li-Zhen ; Chen, Ming-Yuan ; Cui, Qian ; Feng, Fu-Tuo ; Feng, Qi-Shen ; Guo, Yun-Miao ; Jia, Wei-Hua ; Khoo, Alan Soo-Beng ; Liu, Wen-Sheng ; Mo, Hao-Yuan ; Pua, Kin-Choo ; Teo, Soo Hwang ; Tse, Ka-Po ; Xia, Yun-Fei ; Zhang, Hongxin ; Zhou, Gang-Qiao ; Liu, Jian-Jun ; Zeng, Yi-Xin ; Hildesheim, Allan

Background: Genetic loci within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) have been associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated cancer, in several GWAS. Results outside this region have varied. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of four NPC GWAS among Chinese individuals (2,152 cases;3,740 controls). 43 noteworthy findings outside the MHC region were identified and targeted for replication in a pooled analysis of 4 independent case-control studies [...]

Menées aux Etats-Unis auprès de 659 cas et de 699 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation alimentaire d'agents mutagènes issus de viandes cuites, des variants génétiques précédemment identifiés dans des études d'association sur le génome entier, et le risque de carcinome à cellules rénales

Gene-environment interaction of genome-wide association study-identified susceptibility loci and meat-cooking mutagens in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma

Melkonian, Stephanie C. ; Daniel, Carrie R. ; Ye, Yuanqing ; Tannir, Nizar M. ; Karam, Jose A. ; Matin, Surena F. ; Wood, Christopher G. ; Wu, Xifeng

BACKGROUND Meat-cooking mutagens may be associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk. In the current study, the authors examined associations between meat-cooking mutagens, genetic susceptibility variants, and risk of RCC. METHODS The authors used 659 newly diagnosed RCC cases and 699 healthy controls to investigate the association between dietary intake of meat-cooking mutagens and RCC. They examined whether associations varied by risk factors for RCC and genetic susceptibility variants [...]