Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 186 057 femmes et 266 074 hommes âgés de 50 à 71 ans en 1995 (durée de suivi : 11 ans), cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de différentes localisations cancéreuses

Impact of changing US cigarette smoking patterns on incident cancer: risks of 20 smoking-related cancers among the women and men of the NIH-AARP cohort

Freedman, Neal D ; Abnet, Christian C ; Caporaso, Neil E ; Fraumeni, Joseph F ; Murphy, Gwen ; Hartge, Patricia ; Hollenbeck, Albert R ; Park, Yikyung ; Shiels, Meredith S ; Silverman, Debra T

Background: Historically, US women started smoking at a later age than men and had lower relative risks for smoking-related cancers. However, more recent birth cohorts of women and men have similar smoking histories and have now reached the high-risk age for cancer. The impact of these changes on cancer incidence has not been systematically examined. Methods: Relative risks (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and attributable fractions were calculated for cigarette smoking and incidence of 20 [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 457 366 participants, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une consommation de café et le risque de cancer du pancréas (1 541 cas)

A prospective study of coffee intake and pancreatic cancer: results from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Guertin, K. A. ; Freedman, N. D. ; Loftfield, E. ; Stolzenberg-Solomon, R. Z. ; Graubard, B. I. ; Sinha, R.

Background: Evidence evaluating the association between type of coffee intake (caffeinated, decaffeinated) and risk of pancreatic cancer is limited. Methods: In the US NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, we used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for coffee intake and risk of pancreatic cancer among 457 366 US adults. Results: Over 4 155 256 person-years of follow-up, 1541 incident first primary pancreatic cancers occurred. Following [...]

A partir des données des cohortes "Nurses’ Health Study" et "Health Professionals Follow-up Study", cette étude évalue l'association entre l'évolution de la répartition corporelle de l'adiposité et le risque de cancer colorectal (durée de suivi : 24 ans)

Long-term status and change of body fat distribution, and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study

Song, Mingyang ; Hu, Frank B. ; Spiegelman, Donna ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Wu, Kana ; Ogino, Shuji ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Willett, Walter C. ; Giovannucci, Edward L.

Background: Although obesity has been linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), the risk associated with long-term status or change of body fat distribution has not been fully elucidated. Methods: Using repeated anthropometric assessments in the Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we prospectively investigated cumulative average waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as their 10-year changes over adulthood, in relation to [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (85 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à des poussières de bois et le risque de cancer du poumon

Wood dust exposure and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Hancock, David G ; Langley, Mary E ; Chia, Kwan Leung ; Woodman, Richard J ; Shanahan, E Michael

Occupational lung cancers represent a major health burden due to their increasing prevalence and poor long-term outcomes. While wood dust is a confirmed human carcinogen, its association with lung cancer remains unclear due to inconsistent findings in the literature. We aimed to clarify this association using meta-analysis. We performed a search of 10 databases to identify studies published until June 2014. We assessed the lung cancer risk associated with wood dust exposure as the primary [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données de la cohorte "Agricultural Health Study" incluant 57 310 participants, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à des pesticides agricoles et le risque d'un cancer de la vessie

Occupational exposure to pesticides and bladder cancer risk

Koutros, Stella ; Silverman, Debra T ; Alavanja, Michael CR ; Andreotti, Gabriella ; Lerro, Catherine C ; Heltshe, Sonya ; Lynch, Charles F ; Sandler, Dale P ; Blair, Aaron ; Beane Freeman, Laura E

Background: In the developed world, occupational exposures are a leading cause of bladder cancer. A few studies have suggested a link between pesticide exposures among agricultural populations and bladder cancer. Methods: We used data from the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort study which includes 57 310 pesticide applicators with detailed information on pesticide use, to evaluate the association between pesticides and bladder cancer. We used Poisson regression to calculate rate [...]

Menée en France, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à l'amiante, un comportement tabagique, une consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer du larynx chez les hommes

The joint effect of asbestos exposure, tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking on laryngeal cancer risk: evidence from the French population-based case–control study, ICARE

Menvielle, Gwenn ; Fayossé, Aurore ; Radoi, Loredana ; Guida, Florence ; Sanchez, Marie ; Carton, Matthieu ; Cyr, Diane ; Schmaus, Annie ; Cenée, Sylvie ; Févotte, Joëlle ; Delafosse, Patricia ; Stücker, Isabelle ; Luce, Danièle ; ICARE study group

Objective The objective of the study was to investigate the joint effect of occupational exposure to asbestos, and tobacco and alcohol consumption, on the risk of laryngeal cancer among men. Methods We used data from a large population-based case–control study conducted in France. We estimated two-way and three-way interactions between asbestos exposure (never vs ever exposed), tobacco consumption (<20 vs ≥20 pack-years) and alcohol consumption (<5 vs ≥5 drinks per day). The interaction on an [...]

Cette étude du Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer fait le point sur l'association entre l'utilisation de divers traitements médicaux, notamment les traitements hormonaux substitutifs de la ménopause, et le risque de cancer

European Code against Cancer 4th edition: Medical exposures, including hormone therapy, and cancer

Friis, Søren ; Kesminiene, Ausrele ; Espina, Carolina ; Auvinen, Anssi ; Straif, Kurt ; Schüz, Joachim

The 4th edition of the European Code against Cancer recommends limiting – or avoiding when possible – the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) because of the increased risk of cancer, nevertheless acknowledging that prescription of HRT may be indicated under certain medical conditions. Current evidence shows that HRT, generally prescribed as menopausal hormone therapy, is associated with an increased risk of cancers of the breast, endometrium, and ovary, with the risk pattern depending on [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins présentant une susceptibilité génétique à une leucémie aiguë lymphoblastique à précurseurs B, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes par lesquels une exposition post-natale à divers agents infectieux induit le développement de la maladie

Infection exposure is a causal factor in B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia as a result of Pax5 inherited susceptibility

Martin-Lorenzo, Alberto ; Hauer, Julia ; Vicente-Dueñas, Carolina ; Auer, Franziska ; Gonzalez-Herrero, Ines ; Garcia-Ramirez, Idoia ; Ginzel, Sebastian ; Thiele, Ralf ; Constantinescu, Stefan N. ; Bartenhagen, Christoph ; Dugas, Martin ; Gombert, Michael ; Schafer, Daniel ; Blanco, Oscar ; Mayado, Andrea ; Orfao, Alberto ; Alonso-Lopez, Diego ; De Las Rivas, Javier ; Cobaleda, Cesar ; Garcia-Cenador, Maria Begona ; Garcia-Criado, Francisco Javier ; Sanchez-Garcia, Isidro ; Borkhardt, Arndt

Earlier in the past century, infections were regarded as the most likely cause of childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pB-ALL). However, there is a lack of relevant biological evidence supporting this hypothesis. We present in vivo genetic evidence mechanistically connecting inherited susceptibility to pB-ALL and postnatal infections by showing that pB-ALL was initiated in Pax5 heterozygous mice only when they were exposed to common pathogens. Strikingly, these murine pB-ALLs [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 200 cas et 200 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par des polyomavirus et papillomavirus humains et le risque de cancer du poumon

Prior human polyomavirus and papillomavirus infection and incident lung cancer: a nested case–control study

Colombara, DannyV ; Manhart, LisaE ; Carter, JosephJ ; Hawes, StephenE ; Weiss, NoelS ; Hughes, JamesP ; Barnett, MattJ ; Goodman, GaryE ; Smith, JenniferS ; Qiao, You-Lin ; Galloway, DeniseA

Purpose : To test whether infection with select human polyomaviruses (HPyV) and human papillomaviruses (HPV) is associated with incident lung cancer. Methods : We performed a nested case–control study, testing serum from the carotene and retinol efficacy trial, conducted 1985–2005, for antibodies to Merkel cell (MCV), KI (KIV), and WU (WUV) HPyVs as well as to six high-risk and two low-risk HPV types. Incident lung cancer cases (n = 200) were frequency-matched with controls (n = 200) on age, [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Two Sister Study" incluant 1 406 patientes et leurs 1 648 sœurs témoins, cette étude analyse les différents facteurs de risque d'un cancer du sein invasif ou in situ diagnostiqué avant l'âge de 50 ans

Risk factors for young-onset invasive and in situ breast cancer

O’Brien, KatieM ; Sun, Jenny ; Sandler, DaleP ; DeRoo, LisaA ; Weinberg, ClariceR

Purpose : Young-onset breast cancers tend to be more aggressive than later-onset tumors and may have different risk factor profiles. Among young-onset cases, there may also be etiologic differences between ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer, particularly if some factors promote malignant transformation. Methods : We evaluated the association between several potential risk factors and young-onset breast cancer in the Two Sister Study (2008–2010), a sister-matched [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents sur les facteurs conférant une susceptibilité aux différents types de lymphome

Familial predisposition and genetic risk factors for lymphoma

Cerhan, James R. ; Slager, Susan L.

Our understanding of familial predisposition to lymphoma (collectively defined as non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL], Hodgkin lymphoma [HL], and chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL]) outside of rare hereditary syndromes has progressed rapidly during the last decade. First-degree relatives of NHL, HL and CLL patients have an approximately 1.7-fold, 3.1-fold, and 8.5-fold elevated risk of developing NHL, HL and CLL, respectively. These familial risks are elevated for multiple lymphoma subtypes and do not [...]

Couplée à une cohorte prospective et incluant 1 055 cas et 1 055 témoins, cette étude internationale évalue l'association entre les niveaux sanguins de produits de glycation avancée et le risque de cancer colorectal

The association between glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products and colorectal cancer risk

Kong, So Yeon ; Takeuchi, Masayoshi ; Hyogo, Hideyuki ; McKeown-Eyssen, Gail ; Yamagishi, Sho-ichi ; Chayama, Kazuaki ; O'Brien, Peter J ; Ferrari, Pietro ; Overvad, Kim ; Olsen, Anja ; Tjonneland, Anne ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Bastide, Nadia ; Carbonnel, Franck ; Kühn, Tilman ; Kaaks, Rudolf ; Boeing, Heiner ; Aleksandrova, Krasimira ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Vasilopoulou, Effie ; Masala, Giovanna ; Pala, Valeria ; Santucci De Magistris, Maria ; Tumino, Rosario ; Naccarati, Alessio ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. ; Peeters, Petra H. ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Quiros, J Ramon ; Jakszyn, Paula ; Sánchez, María-José ; Dorronsoro, Miren ; Gavrila, Diana ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Rutegård, Martin ; Nyström, Hanna ; Wareham, Nicholas J. ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Bradbury, Kathryn E. ; Romieu, Isabelle ; Freisling, Heinz ; Stavropoulou, Faidra ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Cross, Amanda J. ; Riboli, Elio ; Jenab, Mazda ; Bruce, W. Robert

Background: A large proportion of colorectal cancers (CRC) are thought to be associated with unhealthy dietary and lifestyle exposures, particularly energy excess, obesity, hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. It has been suggested that these processes stimulate the production of toxic reactive carbonyls from sugars such as glyceraldehyde. Glyceraldehyde contributes to the production of a group of compounds known as glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products (glycer-AGEs) which may [...]

A partir de données génomiques et cliniques portant sur près de 70 000 femmes, cette étude met notamment en évidence une association entre l'âge à la ménopause et le risque de cancer du sein

Large-scale genomic analyses link reproductive aging to hypothalamic signaling, breast cancer susceptibility and BRCA1-mediated DNA repair

Day, Felix R. ; Ruth, Katherine S. ; Thompson, Deborah J. ; Lunetta, Kathryn L. ; Pervjakova, Natalia ; Chasman, Daniel I. ; Stolk, Lisette ; Finucane, Hilary K. ; Sulem, Patrick ; Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan ; Esko, Tonu ; Johnson, Andrew D. ; Elks, Cathy E. ; Franceschini, Nora ; He, Chunyan ; Altmaier, Elisabeth ; Brody, Jennifer A. ; Franke, Lude L. ; Huffman, Jennifer E. ; Keller, Margaux F. ; McArdle, Patrick F. ; Nutile, Teresa ; Porcu, Eleonora ; Robino, Antonietta ; Rose, Lynda M. ; Schick, Ursula M. ; Smith, Jennifer A. ; Teumer, Alexander ; Traglia, Michela ; Vuckovic, Dragana ; Yao, Jie ; Zhao, Wei ; Albrecht, Eva ; Amin, Najaf ; Corre, Tanguy ; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan ; Mangino, Massimo ; Smith, Albert V. ; Tanaka, Toshiko ; Abecasis, Goncalo R. ; Andrulis, Irene L. ; Anton-Culver, Hoda ; Antoniou, Antonis C. ; Arndt, Volker ; Arnold, Alice M. ; Barbieri, Caterina ; Beckmann, Matthias W. ; Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia ; Benítez, Javier ; Bernstein, Leslie ; Bielinski, Suzette J. ; Blomqvist, Carl ; Boerwinkle, Eric ; Bogdanova, Natalia V. ; Bojesen, Stig E. ; Bolla, Manjeet K. ; Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise ; Boutin, Thibaud S. ; Brauch, Hiltrud ; Brenner, Hermann ; Brüning, Thomas ; Burwinkel, Barbara ; Campbell, Archie ; Campbell, Harry ; Chanock, Stephen J. ; Chapman, J. Ross ; Chen, Yii-Der Ida ; Chenevix-Trench, Georgia ; Couch, Fergus J. ; Coviello, Andrea D. ; Cox, Angela ; Czene, Kamila ; Darabi, Hatef ; De Vivo, Immaculata ; Demerath, Ellen W. ; Dennis, Joe ; Devilee, Peter ; Dörk, Thilo ; dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel ; Dunning, Alison M. ; Eicher, John D. ; Fasching, Peter A. ; Faul, Jessica D. ; Figueroa, Jonine ; Flesch-Janys, Dieter ; Gandin, Ilaria ; Garcia, Melissa E. ; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat ; Giles, Graham G. ; Girotto, Giorgia G. ; Goldberg, Mark S. ; Gonzalez-Neira, Anna ; Goodarzi, Mark O. ; Grove, Megan L. ; Gudbjartsson, Daniel F. ; Guénel, Pascal ; Guo, Xiuqing ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Hall, Per ; Hamann, Ute ; Henderson, Brian E. ; Hocking, Lynne J. ; Hofman, Albert ; Homuth, Georg ; Hooning, Maartje J. ; Hopper, John L. ; Hu, Frank B. ; Huang, Jinyan ; Humphreys, Keith ; Hunter, David J. ; Jakubowska, Anna ; Jones, Samuel E. ; Kabisch, Maria ; Karasik, David ; Knight, Julia A. ; Kolcic, Ivana ; Kooperberg, Charles ; Kosma, Veli-Matti ; Kriebel, Jennifer ; Kristensen, Vessela ; Lambrechts, Diether ; Langenberg, Claudia ; Li, Jingmei ; Li, Xin ; Lindström, Sara ; Liu, Yongmei ; Luan, Jian'an ; Lubinski, Jan ; Magi, Reedik ; Mannermaa, Arto ; Manz, Judith ; Margolin, Sara ; Marten, Jonathan ; Martin, Nicholas G. ; Masciullo, Corrado ; Meindl, Alfons ; Michailidou, Kyriaki ; Mihailov, Evelin ; Milani, Lili ; Milne, Roger L. ; Muller-Nurasyid, Martina ; Nalls, Michael ; Neale, Benjamin M. ; Nevanlinna, Heli ; Neven, Patrick ; Newman, Anne B. ; Nordestgaard, Borge G. ; Olson, Janet E. ; Padmanabhan, Sandosh ; Peterlongo, Paolo ; Peters, Ulrike ; Petersmann, Astrid ; Peto, Julian ; Pharoah, Paul D. P. ; Pirastu, Nicola N. ; Pirie, Ailith ; Pistis, Giorgio ; Polasek, Ozren ; Porteous, David ; Psaty, Bruce M. ; Pylkas, Katri ; Radice, Paolo ; Raffel, Leslie J. ; Rivadeneira, Fernando ; Rudan, Igor ; Rudolph, Anja ; Ruggiero, Daniela ; Sala, Cinzia F. ; Sanna, Serena ; Sawyer, Elinor J. ; Schlessinger, David ; Schmidt, Marjanka K. ; Schmidt, Frank ; Schmutzler, Rita K. ; Schoemaker, Minouk J. ; Scott, Robert A. ; Seynaeve, Caroline M. ; Simard, Jacques ; Sorice, Rossella ; Southey, Melissa C. ; Stockl, Doris ; Strauch, Konstantin ; Swerdlow, Anthony ; Taylor, Kent D. ; Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur ; Toland, Amanda E. ; Tomlinson, Ian ; Truong, Thérèse ; Tryggvadottir, Laufey ; Turner, Stephen T. ; Vozzi, Diego ; Wang, Qin ; Wellons, Melissa ; Willemsen, Gonneke ; Wilson, James F. ; Winqvist, Robert ; Wolffenbuttel, Bruce B. H. R. ; Wright, Alan F. ; Yannoukakos, Drakoulis ; Zemunik, Tatijana ; Zheng, Wei ; Zygmunt, Marek ; Bergmann, Sven ; Boomsma, Dorret I. ; Buring, Julie E. ; Ferrucci, Luigi ; Montgomery, Grant W. ; Gudnason, Vilmundur ; Spector, Tim D. ; van Duijn, Cornelia M. ; Alizadeh, Behrooz Z. ; Ciullo, Marina ; Crisponi, Laura ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Gasparini, Paolo P. ; Gieger, Christian ; Harris, Tamara B. ; Hayward, Caroline ; Kardia, Sharon L. R. ; Kraft, Peter ; McKnight, Barbara ; Metspalu, Andres ; Morrison, Alanna C. ; Reiner, Alex P. ; Ridker, Paul M. ; Rotter, Jerome I. ; Toniolo, Daniela ; Uitterlinden, André G. ; Ulivi, Sheila ; Volzke, Henry ; Wareham, Nicholas J. ; Weir, David R. ; Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M. ; The, Practical Consortium ; kConFab, Investigators ; Aocs Investigators ; Generation, Scotland ; E. PIC-InterAct Consortium ; LifeLines Cohort, Study ; Price, Alkes L. ; Stefansson, Kari ; Visser, Jenny A. ; Ong, Ken K. ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Murabito, Joanne M. ; Perry, John R. B. ; Murray, Anna

Menopause timing has a substantial impact on infertility and risk of disease, including breast cancer, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We report a dual strategy in ~70,000 women to identify common and low-frequency protein-coding variation associated with age at natural menopause (ANM). We identified 44 regions with common variants, including two regions harboring additional rare missense alleles of large effect. We found enrichment of signals in or near genes involved in [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 3 592 cas et 27 562 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre 10 gènes liés à l'obésité et l'homéostasie énergétique et le risque de cancer du sein, en fonction de l'origine ethnique, de la taille et de l'âge (avant ou après la ménopause)

Energy homeostasis genes and breast cancer risk: The influence of ancestry, body size, and menopausal status, the breast cancer health disparities study

Slattery, Martha L. ; Lundgreen, Abbie ; Hines, Lisa ; Wolff, Roger K. ; Torres-Mejia, Gabriella ; Baumgartner, Kathy N. ; John, Esther M.

Background : Obesity and breast cancer risk is multifaceted and genes associated with energy homeostasis may modify this relationship. Methods : We evaluated 10 genes that have been associated with obesity and energy homeostasis to determine their association with breast cancer risk in Hispanic/Native American (2111 cases, 2597 controls) and non-Hispanic white (1481 cases, 1585 controls) women. Results : Cholecystokinin (CCK) rs747455 and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) rs6713532 and rs7565877 (for [...]