Menée en Angleterre et au Pays-de-Galles auprès de 7 970 salariés d'industries fabriquant des matières plastiques renforcées par des fibres de verre, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à du styrène et le risque de cancer

Risk of cancer in workers exposed to styrene at eight British companies making glass-reinforced plastics

Coggon, David ; Ntani, Georgia ; Harris, E Clare ; Palmer, Keith T

Objectives : To provide further information on the risks of lymphohaematopoietic (LH) and other cancers associated with styrene. Methods : We extended follow-up to December 2012 for 7970 workers at eight companies in England which used styrene in the manufacture of glass-reinforced plastics. Mortality was compared with that for England and Wales by the person-years method, and summarised by SMRs with 95% CIs. A supplementary nested case–control analysis compared styrene exposures, lagged by [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (12 études de cohorte, 17 études cas-témoins, 15 790 cas au total), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'une contraception orale et le risque de cancer colorectal

Nonlinear reduction in risk for colorectal cancer by oral contraceptive use: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

Luan, Nan-Nan ; Wu, Lang ; Gong, Ting-Ting ; Wang, Yong-Lai ; Lin, Bei ; Wu, Qi-Jun

Purpose : Although the relationship between oral contraceptive (OC) use and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk has been studied extensively, the results of epidemiological studies are controversial. Therefore, we carried out a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to summarize the available evidence and to quantify the potential dose–response relation. Methods : We searched PubMed database for studies of OC use and CRC risk that were published until the end of March 2014. Random- and fixed-effects [...]

A partir des données de l'essai américain "Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial" portant- sur 315 cas et 315 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre une infection par le virus de l'herpès HHV-8 et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Prospective study of human herpesvirus type 8 serostatus and prostate cancer risk in the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial

Sutcliffe, Siobhan ; Till, Cathee ; Jenkins, FrankJ ; Gaydos, CharlotteA ; Goodman, PhyllisJ ; Hoque, AshrafulM ; Hsing, AnnW ; Thompson, IanM ; Nelson, WilliamG ; De Marzo, AngeloM ; Platz, ElizabethA

Background : Human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8), a gamma herpesvirus associated with Kaposi’s sarcoma, has been proposed as a candidate risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa) because of its detection in benign and malignant prostate specimens, and its relation with histologic prostatic inflammation. We investigated the possible relation between pre-diagnostic HHV-8 infection and PCa risk in a case–control study sampled from the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Methods : We [...]

Menée en Espagne auprès de 970 cas et 773 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre la longueur des télomères, des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide des gènes TERT et TRF1, et le risque de mélanome

Long telomere length and a TERT-CLPTM1 locus polymorphism association with melanoma risk

Llorca-Cardeñosa, Marta J. ; Peña-Chilet, Maria ; Mayor, Matias ; Gomez-Fernandez, Cristina ; Casado, Beatriz ; Martin-Gonzalez, Manuel ; Carretero, Gregorio ; Lluch, Ana ; Martinez-Cadenas, Conrado ; Ibarrola-Villava, Maider ; Ribas, Gloria

Telomere length has been associated with the development of cancer. Studies have shown that shorter telomere length may be related to a decreased risk of cutaneous melanoma. Furthermore, deregulation of the telomere-maintaining gene complexes, has been related to this oncogenic process. Some variants in these genes seem to be correlated with a change in telomerase expression. We examined the effect of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TERT gene (encoding telomerase), one SNP in [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 715 cas et 375 témoins âgéés de 55 à 74 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre des antécédents de migraine (sévérité des migraines, périodicité, migraines avec aura) et le risque de cancer du sein

The risk of breast cancer associated with specific patterns of migraine history

Lowry, SarahJ ; Malone, KathleenE ; Cushing-Haugen, KaraL ; Li, ChristopherI

Purpose : Studies have suggested that a history of migraines may be associated with a lower risk of some types of breast cancer, though biological mechanisms are unclear. Identifying specific characteristics of migraines which are most strongly associated with breast cancer risk could improve our understanding of this relationship. Methods : We ascertained specific characteristics of women’s migraine histories (severity, timing features, and presence of migraine aura). We used polytomous [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature, cette étude fait le point sur le rôle des variations génétiques dans la modification de l'association entre des expositions thérapeutiques (radio et/ou chimiothérapies) et le risque de tumeurs malignes subséquentes chez des survivants d'un cancer

Genetic variation as a modifier of association between therapeutic exposure and subsequent malignant neoplasms in cancer survivors

Bhatia, Smita

Subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) are associated with significant morbidity and are a major cause of premature mortality among cancer survivors. Several large studies have demonstrated a strong association between the radiation and/or chemotherapy used to treat primary cancer and the risk of developing SMNs. However, for any given therapeutic exposure, the risk of developing an SMN varies between individuals. Genomic variation can potentially modify the association between therapeutic [...]