A partir des données de la cohorte américaine "NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study" incluant 477 095 participants âgés de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre le tabagisme, la consommation d'alcool et le risque de gliome

Cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and risk of glioma in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Braganza, M. Z. ; Rajaraman, P. ; Park, Y. ; Inskip, P. D. ; Freedman, N. D. ; Hollenbeck, A. R. ; de Gonzalez, A. Berrington ; Kitahara, C. M.

Background : Although cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking increase the risk of several cancers and certain components of cigarette smoke and alcohol can penetrate the blood–brain barrier, it remains unclear whether these exposures influence the risk of glioma. Methods:We examined the associations between cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and risk of glioma in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a prospective study of 477 095 US men and women ages 50–71 years at [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "The Netherlands Cohort Study" incluant 120 852 participants âgés de 55 à 69 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation de sodium et de potassium d'origine alimentaire et le risque à long terme de cancer à cellules rénales (durée de suivi : 17,3 ans)

Long-term dietary sodium, potassium and fluid intake; exploring potential novel risk factors for renal cell cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer

Deckers, I. A. G. ; van den Brandt, P. A. ; van Engeland, M. ; Soetekouw, P. M. M. B. ; Baldewijns, M. M. L. L. ; Goldbohm, R. A. ; Schouten, L. J.

Background: As sodium, potassium and fluid intake are related to hypertension, an established risk factor for renal cell cancer (RCC), they may be independent risk factors for RCC. Methods: The Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS) with case-cohort design included 120 852 participants aged 55–69 years. At baseline, diet and lifestyle were assessed with questionnaires. After 17.3 years of follow-up, 485 RCC cases and 4438 subcohort members were available for analyses. Results:Sodium intake increased [...]

A partir des données d'une étude cas-témoins menée en population canadienne sur la période 1997-2002, cette étude compare l'efficacité de deux méthologies (auto-déclaration de l'exposition et matrice emploi-exposition) pour évaluer l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à l'amiante et le risque de cancer du poumon

A comparison of exposure assessment approaches: lung cancer and occupational asbestos exposure in a population-based case–control study

Hardt, Jill S ; Vermeulen, Roel ; Peters, Susan ; Kromhout, Hans ; McLaughlin, John R ; Demers, Paul A

Objectives : In attempts to overcome the limitations of self-reported data in occupational health research, job-exposure matrices, which assign exposure by occupation, have emerged as an objective approach for assessing occupational exposures. On the basis of a lung cancer case–control study conducted in the Greater Toronto Area, 1997–2002, assessment of occupational exposure to asbestos was compared using self-reports and a general population job-exposure matrix (DOM-JEM). Methods : Cases and [...]

Cette étude américaine passe en revue les données relatives à l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à la silice et le risque de cancer du poumon ainsi que les moyens de prévention de la maladie

Silica: A lung carcinogen

Steenland, Kyle ; Ward, Elizabeth

Silica has been known to cause silicosis for centuries, and evidence that silica causes lung cancer has accumulated over the last several decades. This article highlights 3 important developments in understanding the health effects of silica and preventing illness and death from silica exposure at work. First, recent epidemiologic studies have provided new information about silica and lung cancer. This includes detailed exposure-response data, thereby enabling the quantitative risk assessment [...]

Menée en population danoise auprès de 29 875 femmes âgées de 50 à 64 ans sur la période 1993-1997, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une exposition aux bruits du trafic routier et le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause

Exposure to road traffic and railway noise and postmenopausal breast cancer: A cohort study

Sørensen, Mette ; Ketzel, Matthias ; Overvad, Kim ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

Exposure to traffic noise may result in stress and sleep disturbances. Studies on self-reported sleep duration and breast cancer risk have found inconsistent results. In a population-based Danish cohort of 29,875 women aged 50–64 years at enrolment in 1993–1997, we identified 1219 incident, postmenopausal breast cancer cases during follow-up through 2010. Mean follow-up time was 12.3 years. Road traffic and railway noise was calculated for all present and historical residential addresses from [...]

Menée en Australie auprès de 306 cas et de 950 témoins sur la période 2005-2010, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition domestique à des peintures et traitements de sol, une exposition professionnelle des parents à des peintures et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales chez l'enfant

Exposure to household painting and floor treatments, and parental occupational paint exposure and risk of childhood brain tumors: results from an Australian case–control study

Greenop, KathrynR ; Peters, Susan ; Fritschi, Lin ; Glass, DeborahC ; Ashton, LesleyJ ; Bailey, HelenD ; Scott, RodneyJ ; Daubenton, John ; Klerk, NicholasH ; Armstrong, BruceK ; Milne, Elizabeth

Purpose : Childhood brain tumors (CBT) are the leading cause of cancer death in children, yet their etiology remains largely unknown. This study investigated whether household exposure to paints and floor treatments and parental occupational painting were associated with CBT risk in a population-based case–control study conducted between 2005 and 2010. Methods : Cases were identified through all ten Australian pediatric oncology centers, and controls via nationwide random-digit dialing, [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Women's Health Study" incluant 41 836 femmes âgées de 55 à 69 ans, cette étude prospective américaine évalue l'association entre le tabagisme, l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif de la ménopause, une consommation de folates et le risque de cancer colorectal en fonction du niveau d'expression du gène p53

Associations between Cigarette Smoking, Hormone Therapy and Folate Intake with Incident CRC by TP53 Expression Level in a Population-Based Cohort of Older Women

Tillmans, Lori ; Vierkant, Robert A. ; Wang, Alice H. ; Samadder, N Jewel ; Lynch, Charles F. ; Anderson, Kristin E. ; French, Amy J. ; Haile, Robert W. ; Harnack, Lisa J ; Potter, John D. ; Slager, Susan L. ; Smyrk, Thomas ; Thibodeau, Stephen N ; Cerhan, James R. ; Limburg, Paul J.

Cigarette smoking (CS), hormone therapy (HT) and folate intake (FI) are each thought to influence colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely defined. The TP53 (p53) protein, encoded by the TP53 tumor suppressor gene that is commonly mutated in CRC, can be readily assessed to differentiate biologically distinct CRC subtypes. In this prospective cohort study, we examined CS, HT, and FI -associated CRC risks by TP53 protein expression level among Iowa [...]

Menée à partir des données d'un registre canadien des cancers et portant sur 524 cas et sur 1 032 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'une contraception hormonale avant la première naissance et le risque ultérieur de cancer de l'endomètre

Hormone Contraception Before the First Birth and Endometrial Cancer Risk

Cook, Linda S. ; Dong, Yan ; Round, Pamela J. ; Huang, Xun ; Magliocco, Anthony M. ; Friedenreich, Christine M.

There is a well-documented reduction in endometrial cancer (EC) risk with combined oral contraceptive (COC) use. COC use prior to the first full-term pregnancy may affect breast cancer risk for decades, but this relationship has not been investigated in EC. We investigated the risk for EC with COC use prior to the first full-term pregnancy. Cases (n=524) from a population-based cancer registry and age-matched controls (n=1032) were recruited between 2002 and 2006 in Alberta, Canada. [...]

Cette étude passe en revue le rôle des agents infectieux tels que le virus de l'herpès, les polyomavirus ou le papillomavirus humain dans le développement des cancers pédiatriques

Childhood cancers: what is a possible role of infectious agents?

Alibek, Kenneth ; Mussabekova, Assel ; Kakpenova, Ainur ; Duisembekova, Assem ; Baiken, Yeldar ; Aituov, Bauyrzhan ; Karatayeva, Nargis ; Zhussupbekova, Samal

The etiology of childhood cancers has been studied for more than 40?years. However, most if not all cancers occurring in children are attributed to unknown causes. This review is focused on the role of infections in cancer development and progression in children. The main infectious agents include human herpesviruses, polyoma viruses, and human papilloma viruses. It is known that infections can lead to carcinogenesis through various mechanisms, and most likely act in addition to genetic and [...]

Menée en France, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre une infection de la muqueuse du côlon par une souche pathogène de la bactérie Escherichia coli et le risque de cancer colorectal

Colonization of the human gut by E. coli and colorectal cancer risk

Bonnet, Mathilde ; Buc, Emmanuel ; Sauvanet, Pierre ; Darcha, Claude ; Dubois, Damien ; Pereira, Bruno ; Dechelotte, Pierre ; Bonnet, Richard ; Pezet, Denis ; Darfeuille-Michaud, Arlette

Purpose: The intestinal microbiota is potentially involved in development of colorectal carcinoma via various mechanisms. E. coli are commensal bacteria of the human gut microbiota, but some pathogenic strains have acquired the ability to induce chronic inflammation and/or produce toxins, as cyclomodulin, which could participate in carcinogenesis process. Here, we analyzed the E. coli population associated with mucosa of colon cancer patients in relation to clinicopathological characteristics. [...]

A partir des données des certificats de naissance de Californie portant sur 478 enfants âgés de moins de 5 ans entre 1988 et 2007 et sur 208 015 témoins, cette étude en population évalue l'association entre des caractéristiques à la naissance et le risque de lymphome chez des jeunes enfants

Birth characteristics and risk of lymphoma in young children

Marcotte, Erin L. ; Ritz, Beate ; Cockburn, Myles ; Clarke, Christina A. ; Heck, Julia E.

Background : Lymphoma is the third most common childhood malignancy and comprises two types, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The etiology of pediatric lymphomas is largely unknown, but has been suggested to have prenatal origins. Methods : In this population-based study, California birth certificates were identified for 478 lymphoma cases diagnosed in children 0–5 years of age between 1988 and 2007; 208,015 controls frequency-matched by birth year were randomly selected [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte européenne EPIC, cette étude analyse l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs (âge aux premières règles, âge à la première naissance, etc) et le risque de cancer du sein HR-négatif ou HR-positif

Reproductive factors and risk of hormone receptor positive and negative breast cancer: a cohort study

Ritte, Rebecca ; Tikk, Kaja ; Lukanova, Annekatrin ; Tjonneland, Anne ; Olsen, Anja ; Overvad, Kim ; Dossus, Laure ; Fournier, Agnès ; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise ; Grote, Verena ; Boeing, Heiner ; Aleksandrova, Krasimira ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Palli, Domenico ; Berrino, Franco ; Mattiello, Amalia ; Tumino, Rosario ; Sacerdote, Carlotta ; Quiros, Jose ; Buckland, Genevieve ; Molina-Montes, Esther ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Amiano, Pilar ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H ; van Gils, Carla ; Peeters, Petra ; Wareham, Nick

INTRODUCTION:The association of reproductive factors with hormone receptor (HR)-negative breast tumors remains uncertain. METHODS:Within the EPIC cohort, Cox proportional hazards models were used to describe the relationships of reproductive factors (menarcheal age, time between menarche and first pregnancy, parity, number of children, age at first and last pregnancies, time since last full-term childbirth, breastfeeding, age at menopause, ever having an abortion and use of oral contraceptives [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (10 études sélectionnées), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs et le risque de cancer du sein chez des femmes porteuses de mutations des gènes BRCA1 ou BRCA2

Reproductive factors and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers: Results from ten studies

Pan, Hong ; He, Zhongyuan ; Ling, Lijun ; Ding, Qiang ; Chen, Lin ; Zha, Xiaoming ; Zhou, Wenbin ; Liu, Xiaoan ; Wang, Shui

Abstract Although reproductive factors are among the most well-established risk factors for breast cancer in the general population, it is still a matter for debate whether these factors act as risk modifiers among BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. This meta-analysis is the first to be performed to determine the relationship between reproductive factors and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. We searched the PubMed database up to February 2013. A total of ten studies met [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (6 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes à simple nucléotide du gène ERCC2 et le risque de cancer de la cavité buccale

Association between polymorphisms in ERCC2 gene and oral cancer risk: evidence from a meta-analysis

Zhang, Enjiao ; Cui, Zhigang ; Xu, Zhongfei ; Duan, Weiyi ; Huang, Shaohui ; Tan, Xuexin ; Yin, Zhihua ; Sun, Changfu ; Lu, Li

BACKGROUND:Excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) plays important roles in the repair of DNA damage and adducts. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ERCC2 gene are suspected to influence the risks of oral cancer. We performed a meta-analysis to systematically summarize the possible association of ERCC2 rs1799793 and rs13181 polymorphisms with oral cancer risks. METHODS:We retrieved the relevant articles from PubMed and Embase databases. Studies were selected using specific [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée de 2005 à 2012, cette étude américaine analyse l'évolution du rôle et de la place de l'épigénétique dans la recherche épidémiologique sur les cancers

Epigenetic Research in Cancer Epidemiology: Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges

Verma, Mukesh ; Rogers, Scott ; Divi, Rao L. ; Scully, Sheri D. ; Nelson, Stefanie ; Su, L. Joseph ; Ross, Sharon ; Pilch, Susan ; Winn, Deborah M. ; Khoury, Muin J.

Epigenetics is emerging as an important field in cancer epidemiology that promises to provide insights into gene regulation and facilitate cancer control throughout the cancer care continuum. Increasingly, investigators are incorporating epigenetic analysis into the studies of etiology and outcomes. To understand current progress and trends in the inclusion of epigenetics in cancer epidemiology, we evaluated the published literature and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) supported research [...]