Menée en Floride sur un échantillon de 519 adultes ayant une pratique tabagique, cette étude évalue l'effet d'une publicité télévisée concernant les systèmes électroniques de délivrance de nicotine (cigarettes électroniques) sur leur envie de fumer, leur intention d'essayer ces produits et/ou d'arrêter le tabagisme

Adult smokers’ receptivity to a television advert for electronic nicotine delivery systems

Kim, Annice E ; Lee, Youn Ok ; Shafer, Paul ; Nonnemaker, James ; Makarenko, Olga

Objective : The aim of the present work was to examine adult smokers’ awareness of and receptivity to an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) television advert, and whether viewing the advert influenced urge to smoke and intention to try ENDS. Methods : A television advert for ENDS brand blu eCigs was shown to an online convenience sample of 519 Florida adult smokers. We measured current smokers’ awareness of and receptivity to the advert, and whether seeing the advert influenced their [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 47 289 femmes (durée moyenne de suivi : 10,2 ans), cette étude japonaise évalue, en fonction du statut ménopausique et du statut des récepteurs hormonaux, l'association entre la consommation de fruits et de légumes et le risque de cancer du sein (452 cas)

Fruit and vegetable intake and breast cancer risk defined by estrogen and progesterone receptor status: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study

Suzuki, Reiko ; Iwasaki, Motoki ; Hara, Azusa ; Inoue, Manami ; Sasazuki, Shizuka ; Sawada, Norie ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Tsugane, Shoichiro

Background : Epidemiological evidence for the impact of fruit and vegetable intake on breast cancer risk among the Japanese populations is scarce. Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable intake and breast cancer risk among 47,289 Japanese women. Design : The study was conducted under a population-based prospective cohort design. Dietary assessment was performed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. A Cox proportional hazards [...]

Cet article passe en revue le rôle des statines, de la metformine et des bisphosphonates dans la chimioprévention des cancers

Beyond aspirin—cancer prevention with statins, metformin and bisphosphonates

Gronich, Naomi ; Rennert, Gad

Cancer risk reduction using pharmacological means is an attractive modern preventive approach that supplements the classical behavioural prevention recommendations. Medications that are commonly used by large populations to treat a variety of common, non-cancer-related, medical situations are an attractive candidate pool. This Review discusses three pharmacological agents with the most evidence for their potential as cancer chemopreventive agents: anti-hypercholesterolaemia medications [...]

Menée sur des rats exposés à l'azoxyméthane, cette étude évalue l'effet chimiopréventif du raloxifène (un modulateur sélectif des récepteurs œstrogéniques) et du bexarotène (un agoniste sélectif des récepteurs RXR), combinés ou non, sur la progression d'un adénome colique vers un adénocarcinome

Chemopreventive efficacy of raloxifene, bexarotene and their combination on the progression of chemically-induced colon adenomas to adenocarcinomas in rats

Janakiram, Naveena B. ; Mohammed, Altaf ; Zhang, Yuting ; Brewer, Misty ; Bryant, Taylor ; Lightfoot, Stan A. ; Steele, Vernon E. ; Rao, Chinthalapally V.

Estrogen Receptor (ER)-β signaling is associated positively in colon tumor progression, whereas down-regulation or loss of function of retinoid X receptor (RXR)-α occurs in colon tumors. The chemopreventive efficacies of the estrogen antagonist raloxifene and the selective RXR agonist bexarotene were tested individually and in combination, during promotion and progression stages of colon tumorigenesis. Colon tumors were induced in male F344 rats with azoxymethane and at early adenoma stage, [...]

Mené sur 12 patients présentant des lésions pré-cancéreuses de stade avancé de la tête et du cou (durée médiane de suivi : 36 mois), cet essai de phase IB évalue la dose tolérable, la toxicité et le taux de réponse histologique globale associés à un traitement combinant célécoxib et erlotinib pour prévenir la progression de la maladie vers un cancer

Chemoprevention of Head and Neck Cancer with Celecoxib and Erlotinib: Results of a Phase 1b and Pharmacokinetic Study

Shin, Dong M. ; Saba, Nabil ; Hurwitz, Selwyn J. ; Kono, Scott ; Yang, Chung S. ; Zhao, Yang ; Chen, Zhengjia ; Sica, Gabriel L. ; Muller, Susan ; Moreno-Williams, Rachel ; Lewis, Melinda ; Grist, William ; Chen, Amy Y. ; Moore, Charles E ; Owonikoko, Taofeek K ; Ramalingam, Suresh S. ; Beitler, Jonathan J ; Nannapaneni, Sreenivas ; Shin, Hyung Ju C ; Grandis, Jennifer R. ; Khuri, Fadlo R. ; Chen, Zhuo G.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors synergistically inhibit head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis in preclinical studies. We conducted a phase I and pharmacokinetic study with the erlotinib and celecoxib combination in patients with advanced premalignant lesions. 36 subjects with oral leukoplakia, mild, moderate, or severe dysplasia, or carcinoma in situ were screened for study participation; 12 consented and received therapy for a median of [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à l'aide d'un modèle mathématique incorporant des données issues de la littérature scientifique, cette étude évalue le rapport coût-efficacité de conseils personnalisés en ligne pour arrêter de fumer

Cost-Effectiveness of Computer-Tailored Smoking Cessation Advice in Primary Care: A Randomized Trial (ESCAPE)

Wu, Qi ; Parrott, Steve ; Godfrey, Christine ; Gilbert, Hazel ; Nazareth, Irwin ; Leurent, Baptiste ; Sutton, Stephen ; Morris, Richard

Introduction : Smoking remains a significant public health problem and is a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality across the world. By combining the behavioral intervention principles used in specialist services with the high reach rates of public health interventions, personal tailored self-help cessation intervention provide a potential economical method to improve reach and effectiveness. Methods : Cost-effectiveness analysis is performed alongside a randomized controlled [...]