A partir des données de la cohorte "American Cancer Society’s Cancer Prevention Study II" incluant 73 388 femmes, cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de cancer du sein

Active Smoking and Breast Cancer Risk: Original Cohort Data and Meta-Analysis

Gaudet, Mia M. ; Gapstur, Susan M. ; Sun, Juzhong ; Diver, W. Ryan ; Hannan, Lindsay M. ; Thun, Michael J.

Background The relationship between active cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk remains controversial because of unresolved issues of confounding and dose response. Methods To investigate these issues further, we analyzed data from 73 388 women in the American Cancer Society’s Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II) Nutrition Cohort. Analyses were based on 3721 invasive breast cancer case patients identified during a median follow-up of 13.8 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence [...]

Menée au Canada auprès de 942 cas et de 1 039 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Case–control study of lifetime alcohol intake and prostate cancer risk

McGregor, S. Elizabeth ; Courneya, KerryS ; Kopciuk, KarenA ; Tosevski, Cedomir ; Friedenreich, ChristineM

Purpose : Alcohol consumption may be a modifiable risk factor for prostate cancer, but previous results have been inconsistent and limited by a lack of data on lifetime exposure and specific beverages. Furthermore, the effect of tumor stage and severity of disease on the association between alcohol and prostate cancer risk has not been fully investigated. Methods : We examined the relation between both current and lifetime alcohol intake and prostate cancer risk in a population-based [...]

Menée dans des pays nordiques, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle au trichloroéthylène et au perchloroéthylène, et le risque de lymphome, de myélome, de cancer rénal ou hépatique

Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene and the risk of lymphoma, liver, and kidney cancer in four Nordic countries

Vlaanderen, Jelle ; Straif, Kurt ; Pukkala, Eero ; Kauppinen, Timo ; Kyyrönen, Pentti ; Martinsen, Jan Ivar ; Kjaerheim, Kristina ; Tryggvadottir, Laufey ; Hansen, Johnni ; Sparén, Pär ; Weiderpass, Elisabete

Objectives : Trichloroethylene (TCE) and Perchloroethylene (PER) are two chlorinated solvents that are applied widely as degreasers of metal parts, and in dry cleaning and other applications. In 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified TCE as carcinogenic to humans and PER as probably carcinogenic to humans. We explored exposure–response relations for TCE and PER and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), multiple myeloma (MM), and cancers of the kidney and liver in the Nordic [...]

Menée en Grèce, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une infection par le polyomavirus à cellules de Merkel, l'expression dérégulée des gènes BRAF et Bcl-2 et le risque de cancer du poumon non à petites cellules

The presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus is associated with deregulated expression of BRAF and Bcl-2 genes in non-small cell lung cancer

Lasithiotaki, I. ; Antoniou, K. M. ; Derdas, S. P. ; Sarchianaki, E. ; Symvoulakis, E. K. ; Psaraki, A. ; Spandidos, D. A. ; Stathopoulos, E. N. ; Siafakas, N. M. ; Sourvinos, G.

Polyomaviruses such as BK virus (BKV), JC virus (JCV) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) are typically nononcogenic, although they have been detected in a variety of human neoplasms. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of the most common polyomaviruses MCPyV, BKV and JCV as well as the gene expression profile of genes involved in oncogenesis including K-ras, BRAF, RKIP, Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and RB1 in a cohort of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Real-time and nested [...]

Menée en Espagne auprès de 1 135 cas et de 982 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par trois polyomavirus et le risque de cancer de la vessie

Bladder cancer and seroreactivity to BK, JC and Merkel cell polyomaviruses: The Spanish bladder cancer study

Robles, Claudia ; Viscidi, Raphael ; Malats, Nuria ; Silverman, Debra T. ; Tardon, Adonina ; García-Closas, Reina ; Serra, Consol ; Carrato, Alfredo ; Herranz, Jesús ; Lloreta, Josep ; Rothman, Nathaniel ; Real, Francisco X. ; de Sanjose, Silvia ; Kogevinas, Manolis

An infectious etiology for bladder cancer has long been suspected. Merkel cell virus (MCV), BKV and JCV polyomaviruses are possible causative agents but data remain scarce. Therefore, we evaluated the seroresponse to these three polyomaviruses in association with bladder cancer risk. 1,135 incident bladder cancer subjects from five Spanish regions and 982 hospital controls matched by sex, age and region were included. 99% of cases were urothelial-cell carcinomas. Antibody response against MCV, [...]

Menée initialement sur 1 353 cas de mélanome et 3 566 témoins d'origine européenne, puis validée sur 12 313 cas et 55 567 témoins, cette étude met en évidence une association entre un variant du gène FTO et le risque de mélanome, indépendamment de l'indice de masse corporelle

A variant in FTO shows association with melanoma risk not due to BMI

We report the results of an association study of melanoma that is based on the genome-wide imputation of the genotypes of 1,353 cases and 3,566 controls of European origin conducted by the GenoMEL consortium. This revealed an association between several SNPs in intron 8 of the FTO gene, including rs16953002, which replicated using 12,313 cases and 55,667 controls of European ancestry from Europe, the USA and Australia (combined P = 3.6 × 10−12, per-allele odds ratio for allele A = 1.16). In [...]

A partir des données de l'étude Interphone conduite en Australie, au Canada, en France, en Israël et en Nouvelle-Zélande sur la période 2000-2004 incluant 2 103 cas et 2 520 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre des antécédents allergiques et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales

Allergy and brain tumors in the INTERPHONE study: pooled results from Australia, Canada, France, Israel, and New Zealand

Turner, MichelleC ; Krewski, Daniel ; Armstrong, BruceK ; Chetrit, Angela ; Giles, GrahamG ; Hours, Martine ; McBride, MaryL ; Parent, Marie-Élise ; Sadetzki, Siegal ; Siemiatycki, Jack ; Woodward, Alistair ; Cardis, Elisabeth

Purpose : A history of allergy has been inversely associated with several types of cancer although the evidence is not entirely consistent. We examined the association between allergy history and risk of glioma, meningioma, acoustic neuroma, and parotid gland tumors using data on a large number of cases and controls from five INTERPHONE study countries (Australia, Canada, France, Israel, New Zealand), to better understand potential sources of bias in brain tumor case–control studies and to [...]

Cette étude de cohorte britannique incluant 3 123 participants évalue l'association entre trois phénotypes, l'exposition solaire, le niveau de vitamine D mesuré dans le plasma et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Using genetic proxies for lifecourse sun exposure to assess the causal relationship of sun exposure with circulating vitamin D and prostate cancer risk

Bonilla, Carolina ; Gilbert, Rebecca ; Kemp, John P ; Timpson, Nic ; Evans, David M ; Donovan, Jenny L. ; Hamdy, Freddie C. ; Neal, David E. ; Fraser, William D ; Davey Smith, George ; Lewis, S.J. ; Lathrop, Mark ; Martin, Richard M

Background: Ecological and epidemiological studies have identified an inverse association of intensity and duration of sunlight exposure with prostate cancer, which may be explained by a reduction in vitamin D synthesis. Pigmentation traits influence sun exposure and therefore may affect prostate cancer risk. Because observational studies are vulnerable to confounding and measurement error, we used Mendelian randomization to examine the relationship of sun exposure with both prostate cancer [...]

A partir de données issues de deux études de cohortes américaines incluant 109 406 femmes et 47 684 hommes, cette étude met en évidence une association entre obésité, inactivité physique et risque de cancer colorectal ne présentant pas de mutation du gène CTNNB1

Prospective Analysis of Body Mass Index, Physical Activity, and Colorectal Cancer Risk Associated with β-Catenin (CTNNB1) Status

Morikawa, Teppei ; Kuchiba, Aya ; Lochhead, Paul ; Nishihara, Reiko ; Yamauchi, Mai ; Imamura, Yu ; Liao, Xiaoyun ; Qian, Zhi Rong ; Ng, Kimmie ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Ogino, Shuji

Dysregulation of the WNT/β-catenin (CTNNB1) signaling pathway is implicated in colorectal carcinoma and metabolic diseases. Considering these roles and cancer prevention, we hypothesized that tumor CTNNB1 status might influence cellular sensitivity to obesity and physical activity. In clinical follow-up of 109,046 women in the Nurses' Health Study and 47,684 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, there were 861 incident rectal and colon cancers with tissue immunohistochemistry data on [...]