Menée sur 65 322 participants âgés de 50 à 76 ans, cette étude prospective américaine évalue l'association entre la pratique régulière d'une activité physique de loisir et le risque de cancer hématologique sur une période de dix ans (666 cas)

Regular recreational physical activity and risk of hematologic malignancies: results from the prospective VITamins And lifestyle (VITAL) study

Walter, R. B. ; Buckley, S. A. ; White, E.

Background Conflicting evidence exists on the relationship between physical activity (PA) and incident hematologic malignancies. Herein, we used a large cohort study to examine this association.Patients and methods Sixty-five thousand three hundred twenty-two volunteers aged 50–76 years were recruited from 2000 to 2002. Incident hematologic malignancies (n = 666) were identified through 2009 by linkage to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry. Hazard ratios (HRs) for [...]

A partir de questionnaires auprès de deux cohortes incluant respectivement 76 208 femmes et 45 592 hommes (durée maximale de suivi : 24 ans), cette étude américaine ne montre pas d'association entre la consommation d'aïl et une réduction du risque de cancer colorectal

No association between garlic intake and risk of colorectal cancer

Meng, Shasha ; Zhang, Xuehong ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Ma, Jing ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Cho, Eunyoung

Background Although experimental studies suggested beneficial role of garlic intake on colorectal carcinogenesis, limited prospective cohort studies have evaluated garlic intake in relation to colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence. Methods We followed 76,208 women in the Nurses’ Health Study and 45,592 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study for up to 24 years and examined garlic intake and garlic supplement use in relation to CRC risk. Information on garlic intake and supplement use was [...]

Menée auprès d'une cohorte de 335 062 femmes (durée moyenne de suivi : 11 ans), cette étude européenne évalue, en fonction du statut ménopausique des participantes et du statut des récepteurs hormonaux, l'association entre un régime alimentaire de type méditerranéen et le risque de cancer du sein (10 225 cas)

Adherence to the mediterranean diet and risk of breast cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort study

Buckland, G. ; Travier, N. ; Cottet, V. ; Gonzalez, C. A. ; Lujan-Barroso, L. ; Agudo, A. ; Trichopoulou, A. ; Lagiou, P. ; Trichopoulos, D. ; Peeters, P. H. ; May, A. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. ; Bvan Duijnhoven, F. J. ; Key, T. J. ; Allen, N. ; Khaw, K. T. ; Wareham, N. ; Romieu, I. ; McCormack, V. ; Boutron-Ruault, M. ; Clavel-Chapelon, F. ; Panico, S. ; Agnoli, C. ; Palli, D. ; Tumino, R. ; Vineis, P. ; Amiano, P. ; Barricarte, A. ; Rodríguez, L. ; Sanchez, M. J. ; Chirlaque, M. D. ; Kaaks, R. ; Teucher, B. ; Boeing, H. ; Bergmann, M. M. ; Overvad, K. ; Dahm, C. C. ; Tjønneland, A. ; Olsen, A. ; Manjer, J. ; Wirfält, E. ; Hallmans, G. ; Johansson, I. ; Lund, E. ; Hjartåker, A. ; Skeie, G. ; Vergnaud, A. C. ; Norat, T. ; Romaguera, D. ; Riboli, E.

Epidemiological evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet (MD) could reduce the risk of breast cancer (BC). As evidence from the prospective studies remains scarce and conflicting, we investigated the association between adherence to the MD and risk of BC among 335,062 women recruited from 1992 to 2000, in ten European countries, and followed for 11 years on average. Adherence to the MD was estimated through an adapted relative Mediterranean diet (arMED) score excluding alcohol. Cox [...]

Mené sur 61 fumeurs ou anciens fumeurs présentant des dysplasies pulmonaires, cet essai multicentrique de phase II évalue, du point de vue de l'évolution du grade histologique des lésions, l'efficacité du sulindac, un anti-inflammatoire non stéroïdien, dans la prévention du carcinome épidermoïde du poumon

Randomized phase II trial of sulindac for lung cancer chemoprevention

Limburg, Paul J. ; Mandrekar, Sumithra J. ; Aubry, Marie Christine ; Ziegler, Katie L. Allen ; Zhang, Jun ; Yi, Joanne E. ; Henry, Michael ; Tazelaar, Henry D. ; Lam, Stephen ; McWilliams, Annette ; Midthun, David E. ; Edell, Eric S. ; Rickman, Otis B. ; Mazzone, Peter ; Tockman, Melvyn ; Beamis, John F. ; Lamb, Carla ; Simoff, Michael ; Loprinzi, Charles ; Szabo, Eva ; Jett, James

Introduction Sulindac represents a promising candidate agent for lung cancer chemoprevention, but clinical trial data have not been previously reported. We conducted a randomized, phase II chemoprevention trial involving current or former cigarette smokers (≥30 pack-years) utilizing the multi-center, inter-disciplinary infrastructure of the Cancer Prevention Network (CPN). Methods At least 1 bronchial dysplastic lesion identified by fluorescence bronchoscopy was required for randomization. [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires de cancer humain de la prostate et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude montre qu'un polyphénol d'origine alimentaire, le resvératrol, peut prévenir le risque de lésions néoplasiques intraépithéliales de haut grade

Dietary Resveratrol Prevents Development of High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplastic Lesions: Involvement of SIRT1/S6K Axis

Li, Guiming ; Rivas, Paul ; Bedolla, Roble ; Thapa, Dinesh ; Reddick, Robert L. ; Ghosh, Rita ; Kumar, Addanki P.

SIRT1 (mammalian ortholog of the yeast silent information regulator 2) is a NAD-dependent histone deacetylase belonging to the multigene family of sirtuins. Anecdotal and epidemiologic observations provide evidence for beneficial effects of the calorie restriction mimetic resveratrol (RES), a SIRT1 activator in preventing cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Although SIRT1 possesses both tumorigenic and antitumorigenic potential, the molecular mechanisms underlying SIRT1-mediated tumor [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en janvier 2012 (3 études cas-témoins : 16 998 cas et 108 197 témoins ; 1 étude de cohorte : 377 586 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation de bisphosphonates et la réduction du risque de cancer colorectal

Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer With Use of Oral Bisphosphonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Thosani, Nirav ; Thosani, Sonali N. ; Kumar, Sheetanshu ; Nugent, Zoann ; Jimenez, Camilo ; Singh, Harminder ; Guha, Sushovan

Purpose The association between oral bisphosphonate (BP) intake and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk has been investigated in several recent studies with conflicting results. We summarized the evidence from the published studies in a categorical, dose-response meta-analysis.Methods Relevant studies were identified by a search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through January 15, 2012. We included studies that reported effect size estimates with 95% CIs for the association between exposure to oral BPs [...]

Mené sur 39 patients présentant un adénome de stade avancé du côlon, cet essai clinique évalue l'efficacité immunopréventive et la toxicité d'un vaccin à base de l'antigène tumoral MUC1

MUC1 Vaccine for Individuals with Advanced Adenoma of the Colon: A Cancer Immunoprevention Feasibility Study

Kimura, Takashi ; McKolanis, John R. ; Dzubinski, Lynda A. ; Islam, Kazi ; Potter, Douglas M. ; Salazar, Andres M. ; Schoen, Robert E. ; Finn, Olivera J.

Cancer vaccines based on human tumor-associated antigens (TAA) have been tested in patients with advanced or recurrent cancer, in combination with or following standard therapy. Their immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy has been difficult to properly evaluate in that setting characterized by multiple highly suppressive effects of the tumor and the standard therapy on the patient's immune system. In animal models of human cancer, vaccines administered in the prophylactic setting are most [...]

A partir des données de 3 enquêtes américaines réalisées en 2008, 2009 et 2010 et incluant au total 41 358 adolescentes, cette étude analyse, en fonction du statut socioéconomique et de l'appartenance ethnique des participantes, l'existence de disparités dans le cadre d'un processus de vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain

Social Inequalities in Adolescent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination: A Test of Fundamental Cause Theory

Polonijo, Andrea N. ; Carpiano, Richard M.

A unique contribution of the fundamental cause theory of health disparities is its ability to account for the persistence of disparities in health and mortality, despite changes in the mechanisms that are relevant at any given time. Few studies, however, have investigated how such mechanisms are created or operate. Examining the introduction of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine for adolescents—a treatment aimed at preventing cervical and other cancers that typically emerge in mid- to late [...]