A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mai 2010 (54 études), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'acide arachidonique d'origine alimentaire et le risque de cancer du côlon-rectum, de la peau, du sein ou de la prostate

Arachidonic acid and cancer risk: a systematic review of observational studies

Sakai, Mai ; Kakutani, Saki ; Horikawa, Chika ; Tokuda, Hisanori ; Kawashima, Hiroshi ; Shibata, Hiroshi ; Okubo, Hitomi ; Sasaki, Satoshi

BACKGROUND:An n-6 essential fatty acid, arachidonic acid (ARA) is converted into prostaglandin E2, which is involved in tumour extension. However, it is unclear whether dietary ARA intake leads to cancer in humans. We thus systematically evaluated available observational studies on the relationship between ARA exposure and the risk of colorectal, skin, breast, prostate, lung, and stomach cancers.METHODS:We searched the PubMed database for articles published up to May 17, 2010. 126 potentially [...]

A partir de questionnaires auprès de 301 051 participantes de la cohorte EPIC (durée de suivi : 18 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre (1 382 cas)

Alcohol drinking and endometrial cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

Fedirko, Veronika ; Jenab, Mazda ; Rinaldi, Sabina ; Biessy, Carine ; Allen, Naomi E. ; Dossus, Laure ; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte ; Schütze, Madlen ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Hansen, Louise ; Overvad, Kim ; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise ; Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie ; Kaaks, Rudolf ; Lukanova, Annekatrin ; Bergmann, Manuela M. ; Boeing, Heiner ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Oustoglou, Erifili ; Barbitsioti, Antonia ; Saieva, Calogero ; Tagliabue, Giovanna ; Galasso, Rocco ; Tumino, Rosario ; Sacerdote, Carlotta ; Peeters, Petra H. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Gram, Inger Torhild ; Sanchez, Soledad ; Duell, Eric J. ; Molina-Montes, Esther ; Arriola, Larraitz ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Manjer, Jonas ; Lundin, Eva ; Idahl, Annika ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Romaguera-Bosch, Dora ; Wark, Petra A. ; Norat, Teresa ; Romieu, Isabelle

Alcohol intake may adversely affect the concentrations of endogenous sex hormones, and thus increase the risk of endometrial cancer. However, epidemiologic studies have provided conflicting results. Therefore, we investigated the association between alcohol intake and endometrial cancer risk a large, multicenter, prospective study. From 1992 through 2010, 301,051 women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort were followed for incident endometrial cancer [...]

Menée en Australie, cette étude analyse l'association entre le risque de tumeurs cérébrales pédiatriques (306 cas et 950 témoins) et une exposition professionnelle des parents à des gaz d'échappement

Parental occupational exposure to engine exhausts and childhood brain tumors

Peters, Susan ; Glass, Deborah C. ; Reid, Alison ; de Klerk, Nicholas ; Armstrong, Bruce K. ; Kellie, Stewart ; Ashton, Lesley J. ; Milne, Elizabeth ; Fritschi, Lin

Childhood brain tumors (CBT) are the leading cause of cancer death in children; their risk factors are still largely unknown. Since most CBTs are diagnosed before five years of age, prenatal exposure and early postnatal factors may be involved in their etiology. We investigated the association between CBT and parental occupational exposure to engine exhausts in an Australian population-based case–control study. Parents of 306 cases and 950 controls completed detailed occupational histories. [...]

Menée au Japon sur 56 064 personnes ayant survécu à la bombe atomique et suivies jusqu'en 2002, cette étude évalue l'influence de la taille et de l'indice de masse corporelle sur le risque de cancer du côlon (1 142 cas) associé aux rayonnements ionisants

Relationship between anthropometric factors, radiation exposure, and colon cancer incidence in the Life Span Study cohort of atomic bomb survivors

Semmens, ErinO ; Kopecky, KennethJ ; Grant, Eric ; Mathes, RobertW ; Nishi, Nobuo ; Sugiyama, Hiromi ; Moriwaki, Hiroko ; Sakata, Ritsu ; Soda, Midori ; Kasagi, Fumiyoshi ; Yamada, Michiko ; Fujiwara, Saeko ; Akahoshi, Masazumi ; Davis, Scott ; Kodama, Kazunori ; Li, ChristopherI

Purpose : We examined colon cancer risk in atomic bomb survivors to investigate whether excess body weight after the bombings alters sensitivity to radiation effects. Methods : Of the 56,064 Japanese atomic bomb survivors with follow-up through 2002 with self-reported anthropometric data obtained from periodic mail surveys, 1,142 were diagnosed with colon cancer. We evaluated the influence of body mass index (BMI) and height on radiation-associated colon cancer risk using Poisson regression. [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études récentes concernant l'association entre une infection par le papillomavirus humain et le risque de cancers non génitaux, puis fait le point sur les perspectives thérapeutiques et préventives associées

The role of human papillomavirus in nongenital cancers

Zandberg, Dan P. ; Bhargava, Ranjana ; Badin, Simon ; Cullen, Kevin J.

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Human papillomavirus (HPV), one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, has an established role in the pathogenesis of genital malignancies such as cervical cancer. The virus has also been implicated in the oncogenesis of nongenital cancers including head and neck malignancies (specifically oropharyngeal cancers) as well as anal cancer. There is less clarity regarding its role in lung and esophageal cancers. Worldwide, the incidence and [...]

Menée auprès de 555 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal diagnostiqué entre 1998 et 2002 (âge : 20 à 74 ans), cette étude montre que la présence de l'ADN du papillomavirus humain de type 16 ou 18 est peu fréquente dans les échantillons tumoraux et n'est pas associée à une instabilité des microsatellites

Human papillomavirus DNA is rarely detected in colorectal carcinomas and not associated with microsatellite instability: The Seattle Colon Cancer Family Registry

Burnett-Hartman, Andrea N ; Feng, Qinghua ; Popov, Viorica ; Kalidindi, Anisha ; Newcomb, Polly A.

Background: Persistent infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types-16 and -18 is an established cause of cervical and other cancers. Some studies report detection of oncogenic HPV DNA in colorectal carcinomas, with prevalence estimates as high as 84%. However, other studies report detecting no HPV DNA in colorectal tumors. Methods: To evaluate the prevalence of HPV in colorectal cancer subsets, we conducted a case-case comparison study. This study included 555 cases of incident [...]

A partir de données administratives portant sur 8 003 patients atteints de neurofibromatose, cette étude anglaise analyse l'association entre cette maladie et le risque de cancer par localisation (769 cas)

Risk of benign tumours of nervous system, and of malignant neoplasms, in people with neurofibromatosis: population-based record-linkage study

Seminog, O. O. ; Goldacre, M. J.

Background : The neurofibromatoses (NF) are genetic disorders. Increased risks of some cancers in people with NF are well recognised, but there is no comprehensive enumeration of the risks across the whole range of site-specific cancers. Our aim was to provide this. Methods : A linked data set of hospital admissions and deaths in England was used to compare rates of tumours in an NF cohort with rates in a comparison cohort, with results expressed as rate ratios (RR). Results : The RR for all [...]

A partir des données de 3 études cas-témoins incluant au total 4 075 enfants atteints de leucémie aiguë lymphoblastique et 12 065 témoins, cette étude analyse la relation entre le poids à la naissance et le risque de développer la maladie durant l'enfance

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and birthweight: Insights from a pooled analysis of case–control data from Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States

Roman, Eve ; Lightfoot, Tracy ; Smith, Alexandra G. ; Forman, Michele R. ; Linet, Martha S. ; Robison, Les ; Simpson, Jill ; Kaatsch, Peter ; Grell, Kathrine ; Frederiksen, Kirsten ; Schüz, Joachim

Background Heavy birthweight is one of the few established risk factors for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). To provide new insight into this relationship, particularly at the extremes (<1500 and >;4500 g), we pooled data from three of the largest childhood cancer case–control studies ever conducted. Methods Birthweight and gestational age on 4075 children with ALL and 12,065 controls were collected during the course of three studies conducted in the USA, the UK and Germany in the [...]

Cette étude montre que sept loci de susceptibilité à l'adénocarcinome canalaire du pancréas, identifiés chez deux populations asiatiques, ne sont pas associés au risque de développer la maladie chez les personnes d'origine européenne (1 299 cas et 2 884 témoins)

Lack of replication of seven pancreatic cancer susceptibility loci identified in two Asian populations

Campa, Daniele ; Rizzato, Cosmeri ; Bauer, Andrea S ; Werner, Jens ; Capurso, Gabriele ; Costello, Eithne ; Talar-Wojnarowska, Renata ; Jamroziak, Krzysztof ; Pezzilli, Raffaele ; Gazouli, Maria ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Key, Timothy J. ; Bambi, Franco ; Mohelnikova-Duchonova, Beatrice ; Heller, Anette ; Landi, S. ; Vodickova, Ludmila ; Theodoropoulos, George ; Bugert, Peter ; Vodicka, Pavel ; Hoheisel, Jorg ; Delle Fave, Gianfranco ; Neoptolemos, John ; Soucek, Pavel ; Büchler, Markus W. ; Giese, Nathalia A ; Canzian, Federico

Background: Two recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), conducted respectively in a Japanese and in a Chinese population, identified eight novel loci affecting PDAC risk. Methods: We attempted to replicate the novel loci in a series of PDAC and healthy controls of European ancestry in the context of the newly formed PANcreatic Disease ReseArch (PANDoRA) consortium. We genotyped seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs12413624, rs1547374, [...]

Cette étude analyse la relation entre des antécédents familiaux de cancer du poumon et la présence de tumeurs comportant des mutations du gène du récepteur EGFR chez des patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules et n'ayant jamais fumé (230 cas ; âge médian : 56 ans ; 67 % de femmes)

Family history of lung cancer in never smokers with non-small-cell lung cancer and its association with tumors harboring EGFR mutations

Gaughan, Elizabeth M. ; Cryer, Sarah K. ; Yeap, Beow Y. ; Jackman, David M. ; Costa, Daniel B.

Introduction Inherited susceptibility to lung cancer is understudied. Never smokers are an important subgroup of patients enriched for tumors harboring oncogene aberrations in the EGFR and ALK genes. We aimed to better characterize the incidence of family history of lung cancer among never smokers with NSCLC. Methods Clinicopathologic data, tumor genotype, family history of cancer, and specifically family history of lung cancer from 230 consecutive never smokers was retrospectively compiled and [...]

A partir des données de 14 études incluant au total 12 696 patients présentant un adénome ou un cancer colorectal et 15 113 témoins d'origine européenne, cette méta-analyse identifie des loci de susceptibilité à la maladie

Identification of Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Tumors in a Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis

Peters, Ulrike ; Jiao, Shuo ; Schumacher, Fredrick R. ; Hutter, Carolyn M. ; Aragaki, Aaron K. ; Baron, John A. ; Berndt, Sonja I. ; Bézieau, Stéphane ; Brenner, Hermann ; Butterbach, Katja ; Caan, Bette J. ; Campbell, Peter T. ; Carlson, Christopher S. ; Casey, Graham ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Chanock, Stephen J. ; Chen, Lin S. ; Coetzee, Gerhard A. ; Coetzee, Simon G. ; Conti, David V. ; Curtis, Keith R. ; Duggan, David ; Edwards, Todd ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Gallinger, steven ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Gogarten, Stephanie M. ; Gruber, Stephen B. ; Haile, Robert W. ; Harrison, Tabitha A. ; Hayes, Richard B. ; Henderson, Brian E. ; Hoffmeister, Michael ; Hopper, John L. ; Hudson, Thomas J. ; Hunter, David J. ; Jackson, Rebecca D. ; Jee, Sun Ha ; Jenkins, Mark A. ; Jia, Wei-Hua ; Kolonel, Laurence N. ; Kooperberg, Charles ; Küry, Sébastien ; LaCroix, Andrea Z. ; Laurie, Cathy C. ; Laurie, Cecelia A. ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Lemire, Mathieu ; Levine, David ; Lindor, Noralane M. ; Liu, Yan ; Ma, Jing ; Makar, Karen W. ; Matsuo, Keitaro ; Newcomb, Polly A. ; Potter, John D. ; Prentice, Ross L. ; Qu, Conghui ; Rohan, Thomas ; Rosse, Stephanie A. ; Schoen, Robert E. ; Seminara, Daniela ; Shrubsole, Martha ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Slattery, Martha L. ; Taverna, Darin ; Thibodeau, Stephen N. ; Ulrich, Cornelia M. ; White, Emily ; Xiang, Yongbing ; Zanke, Brent W. ; Zeng, Yi-Xin ; Zhang, Ben ; Zheng, Wei ; Hsu, Li

Heritable factors contribute to development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Identifying the genetic loci associated with colorectal tumor formation could elucidate the mechanisms of pathogenesis. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) that included 14 studies, 12,696 cases of colorectal tumors (11,870 cancer, 826 adenoma), and 15,113 controls of European descent. The 10 most statistically significant, previously unreported findings were followed up in 6 studies; these included 3056 [...]

Menée sur 2 098 cas et 5 749 témoins en population d'Asie orientale, cette étude d'association sur le génome entier identifie trois nouveaux loci de susceptibilité au cancer colorectal

Genome-wide association analyses in east Asians identify new susceptibility loci for colorectal cancer

Jia, Wei-Hua ; Zhang, Ben ; Matsuo, Keitaro ; Shin, Aesun ; Xiang, Yong-Bing ; Jee, Sun Ha ; Kim, Dong-Hyun ; Ren, Zefang ; Cai, Qiuyin ; Long, Jirong ; Shi, Jiajun ; Wen, Wanqing ; Yang, Gong ; Delahanty, Ryan J. ; Ji, Bu-Tian ; Pan, Zhi-Zhong ; Matsuda, Fumihiko ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Oh, Jae Hwan ; Ahn, Yoon-Ok ; Park, Eun Jung ; Li, Hong-Lan ; Park, Ji Won ; Jo, Jaeseong ; Jeong, Jin-Young ; Hosono, Satoyo ; Casey, Graham ; Peters, Ulrike ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Zeng, Yi-Xin ; Zheng, Wei

To identify new genetic factors for colorectal cancer (CRC), we conducted a genome-wide association study in east Asians. By analyzing genome-wide data in 2,098 cases and 5,749 controls, we selected 64 promising SNPs for replication in an independent set of samples, including up to 5,358 cases and 5,922 controls. We identified four SNPs with association P values of 8.58 × 10−7 to 3.77 × 10−10 in the combined analysis of all east Asian samples. Three of the four were replicated in a study [...]

Menée sur 1 713 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et non porteuses d'une mutation des gènes BRCA1 ou BRCA2, cette étude analyse l'association entre une histoire familiale de cancer du sein et le risque de cancer du sein controlatéral asynchrone

Risk of Asynchronous Contralateral Breast Cancer in Noncarriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations With a Family History of Breast Cancer : A Report From the Women's Environmental Cancer and Radiation Epidemiology Study

Reiner, Anne S. ; John, Esther M. ; Brooks, Jennifer D. ; Lynch, Charles F. ; Bernstein, Leslie ; Mellemkjær, Lene ; Malone, Kathleen E. ; Knight, Julia A. ; Capanu, Marinela ; Teraoka, Sharon N. ; Concannon, Patrick ; Liang, Xiaolin ; Figueiredo, Jane C. ; Smith, Susan A. ; Stovall, Marilyn ; Pike, Malcolm C. ; Haile, Robert W. ; Thomas, Duncan C. ; Begg, Colin B. ; Bernstein, Jonine L.

Purpose To fully characterize the risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) in patients with breast cancer with a family history who test negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.Patients and Methods From our population-based case-control study comparing women with CBC to women with unilateral breast cancer (UBC), we selected women who tested negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations (594 patients with CBC/1,119 control patients with UBC). Rate ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs were estimated to examine the [...]

Menée sur 561 patients atteints d'un gliome et sur 574 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre 16 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide des gènes SMARCA2 et SMARCA4, codant pour des sous-unités catalytiques du complexe protéique SWI/SNF impliqué dans le remodelage de la chromatine, et le risque de gliome par sous-type

SWI/SNF gene variants and glioma risk and outcome

Amankwah, Ernest K. ; Thompson, Reid C. ; Nabors, L. Burton ; Olson, Jeffrey J. ; Browning, James E. ; Madden, Melissa H. ; Egan, Kathleen M.

Background: The human SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex plays essential roles in a variety of cellular processes and has been implicated in human cancer. However, the role of germline genetic variants in this complex in relation to cancer risk is not well studied. Methods: We assessed the association of 16 variants in the catalytic subunits (SMARCA2 and SMARCA4) of the SWI/SNF complex with the risk of glioma subtypes (lower grade astrocytoma, [...]

A partir des données d'une étude incluant 93 patients atteints d'un carcinome médullaire ainsi que 85 témoins et à l'aide d'une revue de la littérature (11 études cas-témoins ; 968 cas et 2 115 témoins), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre le polymorphisme G691s du proto-oncogène RET et le risque de développer la maladie, puis identifie le mécanisme d'action associé

The involvement of the RET variant G691S in medullary thyroid carcinoma enlightened by a meta-analysis study

Lantieri, Francesca ; Caroli, Francesco ; Ceccherini, Isabella ; Griseri, Paola

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare tumor, partially explained by mutations in the rearranged during transfection (RET) proto-oncogene. The nonsynonymous RET polymorphism G691S has been reported as associated with MTC, but findings are discordant. We sought to clarify the role of G691S in MTCs through in silico analysis, genetic association in our patients and a meta-analysis with extensive literature revision. Ninety-three Italian patients were compared to 85 healthy individuals. [...]

A partir des données de 7 études cas-témoins incluant au total 5 026 patients atteints d'un lymphome non hodgkinien et 4 630 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre des variants des gènes NAT1 et NAT2, le tabagisme et le risque de développer la maladie

Smoking, variation in N-acetyltransferase 1 (NAT1) and 2 (NAT2), and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis within the InterLymph consortium

Gibson, ToddM ; Smedby, KarinE ; Skibola, ChristineF ; Hein, DavidW ; Slager, SusanL ; Sanjosé, Silvia ; Vajdic, ClaireM ; Zhang, Yawei ; Chiu, BrianC H. ; Wang, SophiaS ; Hjalgrim, Henrik ; Nieters, Alexandra ; Bracci, PaigeM ; Kricker, Anne ; Zheng, Tongzhang ; Kolar, Carol ; Cerhan, JamesR ; Darabi, Hatef ; Becker, Nikolaus ; Conde, Lucia ; Holford, TheodoreR ; Weisenburger, DennisD ; Roos, AnneclaireJ ; Butterbach, Katja ; Riby, Jacques ; Cozen, Wendy ; Benavente, Yolanda ; Palmers, Casey ; Holly, ElizabethA ; Sampson, JoshuaN ; Rothman, Nathaniel ; Armstrong, BruceK ; Morton, LindsayM

Purpose : Studies of smoking and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) have yielded inconsistent results, possibly due to subtype heterogeneity and/or genetic variation impacting the metabolism of tobacco-derived carcinogens, including substrates of the N-acetyltransferase enzymes NAT1 and NAT2. Methods We conducted a pooled analysis of 5,026 NHL cases and 4,630 controls from seven case–control studies in the international lymphoma epidemiology consortium to examine associations between smoking, [...]