Menée en Inde, cette étude (702 cas et 1 663 témoins) évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de la pipe à eau ou de tabac à mâcher et le risque de carcinome épidermoïde de l'œsophage

Hookah smoking, nass chewing, and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Kashmir, India

Dar, N. A. ; Bhat, G. A. ; Shah, I. A. ; Iqbal, B. ; Kakhdoomi, M. A. ; Nisar, I. ; Rafiq, R. ; Iqbal, S. T. ; Bhat, A. B. ; Nabi, S. ; Shah, S. A. ; Shafi, R. ; Masood, A. ; Lone, M. M. ; Zargar, S. A. ; Najar, M. S. ; Islami, F. ; Boffetta, P.

Background: Although cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), there is little information about the association between other smoking and smokeless tobacco products, including hookah and nass, and ESCC risk. We conducted a case–control study in Kashmir Valley, India, where hookah smoking, nass chewing, and ESCC are common, to investigate the association of hookah smoking, nass use, and several other habits with ESCC. Methods: We recruited [...]

Cette étude passe en revue les différents mécanismes associés au tabagisme et impliqués dans la cancérogenèse pulmonaire

Lung carcinogenesis by tobacco smoke

Hecht, Stephen S.

Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of chemicals including multiple genotoxic lung carcinogens. The classic mechanisms of carcinogen metabolic activation to DNA adducts, leading to miscoding and mutations in critical growth control genes, applies to this mixture but some aspects are difficult to establish because of the complexity of the exposure. This article discusses certain features of this mechanism including the role of nicotine and its receptors; lung carcinogens, co-carcinogens and [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (19 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool et le risque de tumeurs cérébrales

A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption and the risk of brain tumours

Galeone, C. ; Malerba, S. ; Rota, M. ; Bagnardi, V. ; Negri, E. ; Scotti, L. ; Bellocco, R. ; Corrao, G. ; Boffetta, P. ; La Vecchia, C. ; Pelucchi, C.

Background Alcohol is capable of traversing the blood–brain barrier and is thus a possible risk factor for brain cancer. Several epidemiological studies have been published on the issue, a number of those during recent years, with inconsistent findings.Materials and methods We performed a systematic literature search in the Medline and EMBASE databases. We found a total of 19 studies providing risk estimates for total alcohol or specific alcoholic beverages. Pooled estimates of the relative [...]

Cette étude de cohorte prospective incluant environ 1, 2 million de participants américains analyse l'association entre le radon et la mortalité par maladies non respiratoires

Radon and Nonrespiratory Mortality in the American Cancer Society Cohort

Turner, Michelle C. ; Krewski, Daniel ; Chen, Yue ; Pope, C. Arden ; Gapstur, Susan M. ; Thun, Michael J.

Radon is a known cause of human lung cancer. Previously, the authors observed a significant positive association between mean county-level residential radon concentrations and lung cancer mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II), a large prospective study of nearly 1.2 million participants recruited in 1982 by the American Cancer Society. There was also a significant positive association with mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Because it is unclear whether radon [...]

Cette étude de cohorte en population évalue l'impact de l'épidémie liée au HIV sur l'incidence du cancer anal aux Etats-Unis entre1980 et 2005

Impact of the HIV Epidemic on the Incidence Rates of Anal Cancer in the United States

Shiels, Meredith S. ; Pfeiffer, Ruth M. ; Chaturvedi, Anil K. ; Kreimer, Aimee R. ; Engels, Eric A.

Background The risk of anal cancer is substantially increased in HIV-infected individuals. Thus, the HIV epidemic may have influenced the increasing anal cancer trends in the United States. We estimated the impact of the HIV epidemic on trends in anal cancer incidence in the United States during 1980–2005.Methods Data on anal cancer cases with and without AIDS were obtained from the HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study. The number of HIV-infected anal cancer cases without AIDS was estimated from the [...]

Cette étude norvégienne (221 cas et 2 465 témoins) analyse l'association entre des polymorphismes du gène MDM2 et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire chez des femmes porteuses de mutation BRCA1

Effect of the MDM2 promoter polymorphisms SNP309T>G and SNP285G>C on the risk of ovarian cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers

Bjornslett, Merete ; Knappskog, Stian ; Lonning, Per Eystein ; Dorum, Anne

BACKGROUND:While BRCA mutation carriers possess a 20-40% lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer, knowledge about genetic modifying factors influencing the phenotypic expression remains obscure. We explored the distribution of the MDM2 polymorphisms SNP309T>G and the recently discovered SNP285G>C in Norwegian patients with BRCA related ovarian cancer.METHODS:221 BRCA related ovarian cancer cases (BRCA1; n = 161 and BRCA2; n = 60) were tested for the MDM2 polymorphisms. Results were compared [...]

Menée sur 2 473 cas (1 831 adénomes colorectaux, 642 polypes hyperplasiques) et 4 019 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre un indicateur basé sur plusieurs polymorphismes à simple nucléotide et le risque de développer divers sous-types de polypes

Association of Genetic Variants for Colorectal Cancer Differs by Subtypes of Polyps in the Colorectum

Zhang, Ben ; Shrubsole, Martha J. ; Li, Guoliang ; Cai, Qiuyin ; Edwards, Todd ; Smalley, Walter E. ; Ness, Reid M. ; Zheng, Wei

Most colorectal cancers (CRC) originate from polyps, however, only a small proportion of polyps progress to carcinomas. Genome-wide association studies have identified multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in relation to CRC. Using these genetic risk variants, we evaluated whether CRC genetic factors may determine certain polyp phenotypes with different malignant potential. We analyzed 20 SNPs in 15 CRC susceptibility loci in a case-control study including 2473 cases (1831 with [...]

Menée sur 1 422 femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et leurs 1 669 sœurs non malades, cette étude évalue l'assocation entre des symptômes de la ménopause et le risque de cancer du sein avant 50 ans

Menopausal symptoms and the risk of young-onset breast cancer

Fei, Chunyuan ; DeRoo, Lisa A. ; Sandler, Dale P. ; Weinberg, Clarice R.

Women with menopausal symptoms have been reported to have reduced risk of breast cancer, possibly reflecting differences in endogenous hormone levels. We examined the associations between menopausal symptoms and breast cancer in women under age 50. We carried out a sister-controlled case-control study, the Two Sister Study, comparing 1422 women with breast cancer diagnosed before age 50 and their 1669 sisters who were free of breast cancer and had enrolled in the prospective Sister Study [...]

Menée en Italie auprès de 491 participants, cette étude analyse l'association entre des polymorphismes des gènes NLRP1 et NLRP3 et le risque de mésothéliome lié à l'amiante

NLRP1 polymorphisms in patients with asbestos-associated mesothelioma

Pontillo, Alessandra ; Ghirardelli, Martina ; Maestri, Iva ; Rinaldi, Rosa ; Boldorini, Renzo ; Tognon, Mauro ; Bovenzi, Massimo ; Crovella, Sergio ; Comar, Manola

BACKGROUND:An increasing incidence of malignant mesothelioma (MM) cases in patients with low levels of asbestos exposure suggests the interference of alternative cofactors. SV40 infection was detected, as co-morbidity factor, only in 22% of asbestos-MM patients from a North-Eastern Italy area. An additional mechanism of injury related to asbestos exposure in MM development has been recently associated to inflammatory responses, principally driven by interleukin (IL)-1 beta (Ss) activated within [...]