A partir des données de la cohorte "NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study" incluant 545 771 participants, cette étude américaine analyse l'association entre la consommation de café, de thé et de sodas et le risque de gliome à l'âge adulte

Coffee, tea, soda, and caffeine intake in relation to risk of adult glioma in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Dubrow, Robert ; Darefsky, Amy ; Freedman, Neal ; Hollenbeck, Albert ; Sinha, Rashmi

Purpose We utilized the large, prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study to further explore the hypothesis, suggested by two recent prospective cohort studies, that increased intake of coffee, tea, soda, and/or caffeine is associated with reduced adult glioma risk. Methods At baseline in 1995–1996, dietary intake, including coffee, tea, and soda, was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis, cette étude analyse et compare, pour les les zones urbaines et rurales, l'association entre les niveaux autorisés de substances chimiques dispersées dans les eaux usées et la mortalité par cancer

Permitted water pollution discharges and population cancer and non-cancer mortality: toxicity weights and upstream discharge effects in US rural-urban areas

Hendryx, Michael ; Conley, Jamison ; Fedorko, Evan ; Luo, Juhua ; Armistead, Matthew

BACKGROUND:The study conducts statistical and spatial analyses to investigate amounts and types of permitted surface water pollution discharges in relation to population mortality rates for cancer and non-cancer causes nationwide and by urban-rural setting. Data from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Discharge Monitoring Report (DMR) were used to measure the location, type, and quantity of a selected set of 38 discharge chemicals for 10,395 facilities across the contiguous US. [...]

Menée à Taïwan auprès de 10 000 participantes sur une période de suivi supérieure à 10 ans, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une infection par le papillomavirus humain, un nombre élevé d'accouchements par voie naturelle et le risque de cancer du col de l'utérus

Baseline human papillomavirus infection, high vaginal parity, and their interaction on cervical cancer risks after a follow-up of more than 10 years

Liao, Shu-Fen ; Lee, Wen-Chung ; Chen, Hui-Chi ; Chuang, Li-Chung ; Pan, Mei-Hung ; Chen, Chien-Jen

Objectives Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been recognized as a major factor for cervical cancer causation. Other factors, relating to reproduction, are also important. This study aims to disentangle the roles of baseline HPV infection, high vaginal parity (defined as having ≥4 vaginal deliveries), and the interaction between the two in predicting cervical cancer risk. Methods The authors apply a newly developed causal-pie modeling technique to analyze a cohort of more than 10,000 women [...]

Cette étude française passe en revue l'ensemble des facteurs impliqués dans l'étiologie du cancer du pomon chez des individus n'ayant jamais fumé

Lung cancer in never smokers – A review

Couraud, Sebastien ; Zalcman, Gerard ; Milleron, Bernard ; Morin, Franck ; Souquet, Pierre-Jean

An estimated 10–25% of lung cancers worldwide occur in never smokers, i.e. individuals having smoked less than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime. Lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS) is more frequent in women, although large geographic variations are found. Histologically, adenocarcinomas predominate. The mere existence of LCINS suggests that risk factors other than smoking must be present. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (particularly in women) and exposure to workplace carcinogens [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (26 études prospectives), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'excès de poids et le risque de cancer primitif du foie

Excess body weight and the risk of primary liver cancer: An updated meta-analysis of prospective studies

Chen, Yi ; Wang, Xiaolin ; Wang, Jianhua ; Yan, Zhiping ; Luo, Jianjun

To provide a quantitative assessment of the association between excess body weight (EBW) and the risk of primary liver cancer (PLC), we performed an updated meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. We searched PUBMED and EMBASE for studies of body mass index and the risk of PLC published through 15 th September 2011. Summary relative risks (SRRs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. The meta-regression and stratified [...]

Cette étude en population suédoise (19 756 cas et 147 324 témoins) analyse l'association entre le diabète, l'obésité, un niveau sanguin anormal de lipides et le risque de cancer

Cancer among patients with diabetes, obesity and abnormal blood lipids: a population-based register study in Sweden

Attner, Bo ; Landin-Olsson, Mona ; Lithman, Thor ; Noreen, Dennis ; Olsson, Håkan

Objective To study how the incidence of cancer is related to diabetes, obesity or abnormal blood lipids. Methods Diagnosis of diabetes, obesity or abnormal blood lipids was studied 0-10 years prior to the diagnosis of cancer in 19,756 cases of cancer and in 147,324 controls matched regarding age, sex and domicile. Results Diabetes was significantly more common prior to diagnosis in patients with liver, pancreatic, colon and urinary tract/bladder cancer and in patients with breast cancer [...]

Conduite auprès de populations d'Europe du Sud, cette étude (1 639 cas et 1 342 témoins) analyse l'association entre des variants des gènes MC1R, SLC45A2 et TYR et le risque de mélanome

MC1R, SLC45A2 and TYR genetic variants involved in melanoma susceptibility in Southern European populations: Results from a Meta-analysis

Ibarrola-Villava, Maider ; Hu, Hui-Han ; Guedj, Mickaël ; Fernandez, Lara P. ; Descamps, Vincent ; Basset-Seguin, Nicole ; Bagot, Martine ; Benssussan, Armand ; Saiag, Philippe ; Fargnoli, Maria Concetta ; Peris, Ketty ; Aviles, Jose A. ; Lluch, Ana ; Ribas, Gloria ; Soufir, Nadem

Seven genetic biomarkers previously associated with melanoma were analysed in a meta-analysis conducted in three South European populations: five red hair colour (RHC) MC1R alleles, one SLC45A2 variant (p.Phe374Leu) and one thermosensitive TYR variant (p.Arg402Gln). The study included 1639 melanoma patients and 1342 control subjects. The estimated odds ratio (OR) associated with carrying at least one MC1R RHC variant was 2.18 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.86–2.55; p-value=1.02×10−21), with [...]

A partir des données de deux grandes études de cohorte américaines, "Nurses’ Health Study" et "Health Professionals Follow-up Study", cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre l'obésité et le risque de cancers de la peau, mélanome et hors mélanome, dans une population d'origine caucasienne

Obesity and the incidence of skin cancer in US Caucasians

Pothiawala, Salma ; Qureshi, Abrar ; Li, Yunhui ; Han, Jiali

Background Limited information is available on the potential link between obesity and either melanoma or non-melanoma skin cancers. Objective To conduct a prospective study to examine the association between obesity and the risk of both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Methods Using pooled data from two large national cohorts in the US, the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS), we prospectively examined the incidence of melanoma, squamous cell [...]

Menée auprès de 448 732 participants âgés de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude de cohorte analyse et compare, pour les non-fumeurs, les anciens fumeurs et les fumeurs actifs, l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de cancer du poumon

Body Mass Index and Risk of Lung Cancer Among Never, Former, and Current Smokers

Smith, Llewellyn ; Brinton, Louise A. ; Spitz, Margaret R. ; Lam, Tram Kim ; Park, Yikyung ; Hollenbeck, Albert R. ; Freedman, Neal D. ; Gierach, Gretchen L.

Background Although obesity has been directly linked to the development of many cancers, many epidemiological studies have found that body mass index (BMI)—a surrogate marker of obesity—is inversely associated with the risk of lung cancer. These studies are difficult to interpret because of potential confounding by cigarette smoking, a major risk factor for lung cancer that is associated with lower BMI.Methods We prospectively examined the association between BMI and the risk of lung cancer [...]

Menée en Espagne, cette étude (879 cas et 803 témoins) évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes de trois gènes MMP, le risque de cancer du poumon et la survie

Genetic polymorphisms in MMP 2, 9 and 3 genes modify lung cancer risk and survival

Gonzalez-Arriaga, Patricia ; Pascual, Teresa ; Garcia-Alvarez, Arturo ; Fernandez-Somoano, Ana ; Lopez-Cima, Maria Felicitas ; Tardon, Adonina

BACKGROUND:Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that contribute to all stages of tumour progression, including the later stages of invasion and metastasis. Genetic variants in the MMP genes may influence the biological function of these enzymes and change their role in carcinogenesis and progression. We have investigated the association between the -735 C/T, the -1171 5A/6A, and the -1562 C/T polymorphisms in the MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 genes, respectively, and the risk and [...]

Menée en Corée, cette étude (1 771 cas et 4 667 témoins) évalue l'association entre des facteurs de risque métaboliques tels que le stress oxydant, la production d'adipokine, la résistance à l'insuline et le risque de cancer colorectal

Association of colorectal adenoma with components of metabolic syndrome

Kim, Byung ; Shin, Aesun ; Hong, Chang ; Sohn, Dae ; Han, Kyung ; Ryu, Kum ; Park, Bum ; Nam, Ji ; Park, Ji ; Chang, Hee ; Choi, Hyo ; Kim, Jeongseon ; Oh, Jae

Purpose Recently, some studies have shown that diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome increase the risk of colorectal neoplasms. Although the mechanism is not known, those have been proposed to contribute to this phenomenon, including insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and adipokine production. The objective of this study was to assess the association between metabolic risk factors and colorectal neoplasm. Methods Study participants visited the National Cancer Center, Korea, for screening [...]

A partir des données de 19 études menées dans 10 pays et comprenant 16 895 femmes d'origine caucasienne, cette analyse transversale évalue l'association entre des variants des gènes LSP1 et RAD51L1, la densité mammaire et le risque de cancer du sein

Common Breast Cancer Susceptibility Variants in LSP1 and RAD51L1 Are Associated with Mammographic Density Measures that Predict Breast Cancer Risk

Vachon, Celine M. ; Scott, Christopher G. ; Fasching, Peter A. ; Hall, Per ; Tamimi, Rulla M. ; Li, Jingmei ; Stone, Jennifer ; Apicella, Carmel ; Odefrey, Fabrice ; Gierach, Gretchen L. ; Jud, Sebastian M. ; Heusinger, Katharina ; Beckmann, Matthias W. ; Pollan, Marina ; Fernandez-Navarro, Pablo ; Gonzalez-Neira, Anna ; Benítez, Javier ; van Gils, Carla H. ; Lokate, Mariette A.J.M. ; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte ; Peeters, Petra H.M. ; Brown, Judith ; Leyland, Jean ; Varghese, Jajini S. ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Thompson, Deborah J. ; Luben, Robert N. ; Warren, Ruth M. ; Wareham, Nicholas J. ; Loos, Ruth J.F. ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Ursin, Giske ; Lee, Eunjung ; Gayther, Simon A. ; Ramus, Susan J. ; Eeles, Rosalind A. ; Leach, Martin O. ; Kwan-Lim , Gek ; Couch, Fergus J. ; Giles, Graham G. ; Baglietto, Laura ; Krishnan, Kavitha ; Southey, Melissa C. ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Kolonel, Laurence N. ; Woolcott, Christy ; Maskarinec, Gertraud ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Walker, Kate ; Johnson, Nichola ; McCormack, Valerie A. ; Biong, Margarethe ; Grenaker Alnaes, Grethe ; Torhild Gram, Inger ; Kristensen, Vessela N. ; Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise ; Lindström, Sara ; Hankinson, Susan E. ; Hunter, David J. ; Andrulis, Irene L. ; Knight, Julia A. ; Boyd, Norman F. ; Figueroa, Jonine D. ; Lissowska, Jolanta ; Wesolowska, Ewa ; Peplonska, Beata ; Bukowska, Agnieszka ; Reszka, Edyta ; Liu, Jianjun ; Eriksson, Louise ; Czene, Kamila ; Audley, Tina ; Wu, Anna H. ; Pankratz, V. Shane ; Hopper, John L. ; dos Santos Silva, Isabel

Background: Mammographic density adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) is a heritable marker of breast cancer susceptibility. Little is known about the biological mechanisms underlying the association between mammographic density and breast cancer risk. We examined whether common low-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility variants contribute to inter-individual differences in mammographic density measures. Methods: We established an international consortium (DENSNP) of 19 studies from 10 [...]

Menée en Nouvelle-Calédonie, cette étude en population (332 cas et 412 témoins) analyse l'association entre une histoire familiale de maladies malignes et bénignes de la thyroïde et le risque de cancer de la thyroïde

Family history of malignant and benign thyroid diseases and risk of thyroid cancer: a population-based case–control study in New Caledonia

Leux, Christophe ; Truong, Thérèse ; Petit, Claire ; Baron-Dubourdieu, Dominique ; Guénel, Pascal

Purpose Exceptionally high incidence rates of thyroid cancer have been observed in New Caledonia, particularly in Melanesian women, but familial aggregation of thyroid diseases in this population is unknown. We study the association between family history of malignant or benign thyroid diseases and non-medullary thyroid cancer in this country. Methods We conducted a population-based case–control study including 332 cases with papillary or follicular carcinoma diagnosed in 1993–1999 and 412 [...]