Menée en Italie par enquête réalisée sur la période 2014-2021 auprès de 239 812 personnes, cette étude analyse l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique en tant qu'aide au sevrage tabagique

Electronic cigarette use as an aid to quit smoking: Evidence from PASSI survey, 2014–2021

GORINI, Giuseppe ; CARRERAS, Giulia ; Lugo, Alessandra ; GALLUS, Silvano ; Masocco, Maria ; Spizzichino, Lorenzo ; Minardi, Valentina

This paper updates a previous cross-sectional study on the effectiveness of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as an aid to quit smoking. In the 2014–2021 PASSI survey, the ongoing Italian behavioural risk factor surveillance system, on a total of 239,812 subjects representative of the Italian adult population respondents who smoked and made at least one quit attempt in the previous 12 months (i.e., 19,234 subjects) were categorized into four groups according to the method used in their most [...]

Menée à partir de données d'une enquête réalisée en 2020 auprès de 1 789 jeunes Américains, cette étude identifie les raisons de leur utilisation de la cigarette électronique puis examine l'association entre cette utilisation et les comportements de sevrage tabagique

Reasons for E-cigarette Use, Vaping Patterns, and Cessation Behaviors among U.S. Adolescents

Lindpere, Vanda ; Winickoff, Jonathan P ; Khan, Ali S ; Dong, Jianhu ; Michaud, Tzeyu L ; Liu, Jessica ; Dai, Hongying Daisy

This study sought to examine reasons for youth e-cigarette use in association with vaping patterns and cessation behaviors.A national representative sample of current (past 30-day) e-cigarette users in grades 6-12 was analyzed using the National Youth Tobacco Survey, conducted from January to March 2020. An exploratory oblique factor analysis using a rotated pattern matrix to select salient variable-factor relationships yielded four subscales related to reasons for youth e-cigarette use. [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 45 289 hommes et 67 039 femmes puis de données portant sur 93 230 jeunes femmes, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation d'avocat et le risque de cancer

Prospective Study of Avocado Consumption and Cancer Risk in US Men and Women

Ericsson, Caroline I. ; Pacheco, Lorena S. ; Romanos-Nanclares, Andrea ; Ecsedy, Ethan ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Eliassen, A Heather. ; Mucci, Lorelei A. ; Fu, Benjamin C.

Avocados contain nutrients and phytochemicals that make it promising for cancer prevention, and chemopreventive properties have been demonstrated in prior studies. Prospective studies on avocado consumption and cancer risk have yet to be conducted. This study included data from 45,289 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS, 1986-2016) and 67,039 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, 1986-2014). Avocado consumption was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires every [...]

Menée auprès d'une cohorte multiethnique de 177 313 personnes, cette étude analyse l'association entre la qualité de l'alimentation évaluée par un système de score et le risque de cancer du pancréas (1 779 cas)

Diet Quality and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort

Steel, Heather ; Park, Song-Yi ; Lim, Tiffany ; Stram, Daniel O. ; Boushey, Carol J. ; Hebert, James R. ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Wu, Anna H. ; Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

Data on diet quality and pancreatic cancer are limited. We examined the relationship between diet quality, assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), the alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII), and pancreatic cancer incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.Diet quality scores were calculated from a validated [...]

Menée à l'aide de données 2006-2010 de la "UK Biobank" portant sur 264 965 personnes (âge : 40-69 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre des facteurs génétiques, un mode de vie sain (régime alimentaire, activité physique, poids, tabagisme et consommation d'alcool) et le risque de cancer de la thyroïde

Association Between Genetic Risk, Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Behavior, and Thyroid Cancer Risk

Feng, Xiuming ; Wang, Fei ; Yang, Wenjun ; Zheng, Yuan ; Liu, Chaoqun ; Huang, Lulu ; Li, Longman ; Cheng, Hong ; Cai, Haiqing ; Li, Xiangzhi ; Chen, Xing ; Yang, Xiaobo

Genetic and lifestyle factors are related to thyroid cancer (TC). Whether a healthy lifestyle is associated with TC and could attenuate the influence of genetic variants in TC remains equivocal.To examine the associations between genetics and healthy lifestyle with incident TC and whether adherence to a healthy lifestyle modifies the association between genetic variants and TC.A prospective cohort study using UK Biobank data recruited 502 505 participants aged 40 to 69 years between March 13, [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en avril 2022 (11 études, 2,7 millions de femmes), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre un traitement hormonal substitutif et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Association of Menopausal Hormone Therapy with Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies

Jang, Yeu-Chai ; Leung, Chi Yan ; Huang, Hsi-Lan

Although menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is commonly prescribed, little is known about the association between MHT use and risk of pancreatic cancer.We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, from inception until April 20, 2022. The risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Pooled relative risks (RR) for pancreatic cancer risk were calculated using random-effects models. We computed prediction intervals (PI) and performed subgroup meta-analyses. [...]

Menée à l'aide d'un modèle murin de carcinogenèse prostatique, cette étude analyse l'effet chimiopréventif de la cannelle et de ses composés bioactifs

Chemopreventive effect of cinnamon and its bioactive compounds in a rat model of premalignant prostate carcinogenesis

Gopalakrishnan, Srividya ; Dhaware, Mahamaya ; Sudharma, Athira Anilkumar. ; Mullapudi, Surekha Venkata. ; Siginam, Siva Ramakrishna ; Gogulothu, Ramesh ; Mir, Irfan Ahmad. ; Ismail, Ayesha

Cinnamon and its bioactive compounds inhibit prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro. The aim of the present study was to assess the chemopreventive efficacy of cinnamon (CN) and its bioactive compounds in vivo using N-methyl-N-nitrosourea [MNU] and testosterone [T] to induce prostate carcinogenesis in male Wistar/NIN rats. Cancer-induced (CI) rats (n=10) developed prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). These histopathological changes were diminished in CI rats [...]

Mené sur 20 patients infectés par le virus de l'hépatite C, cet essai de phase I évalue la sécurité et l'immunogénicité d'un vaccin à ADN codant pour les protéines HCV NS3, NS4A, NS4B et NS5A, co-administré ou non avec un ADN codant pour l'interleukine IL-12 et destiné à prévenir le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire

Phase I Trial of a Therapeutic DNA Vaccine for Preventing Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection

Jacobson, Jeffrey M. ; Zahrieh, David ; Strand, Carrie A. ; Cruz-Correa, Marcia ; Pungpapong, Surakit ; Roberts, Lewis R. ; Mandrekar, Sumithra J. ; Rodriguez, Luz Maria ; Boyer, Jean ; Marrero, Idania ; Kraynyak, Kimberly A. ; Morrow, Matthew P. ; Sylvester, Albert J. ; Pawlicki, Jan M. ; Gillespie, Elisabeth ; Barranco, Eduardo ; Richmond, Ellen ; Umar, Asad ; Weiner, David B. ; Limburg, Paul J.

Chronic hepatitis C can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We studied the safety and immunogenicity of a novel therapeutic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1a/1b consensus DNA vaccine, INO-8000, encoding HCV NS3, NS4A, NS4B and NS5A proteins alone or co-administered with DNA encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12) (INO-9012), a human cytokine that stimulates cellular immune function, in individuals with chronic hepatitis C. This was a phase I, multi-site dose-escalation trial with an [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mars 2022 (19 études, 8 236 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'intérêt d'utiliser un agent conversationnel (chatbot) pour le sevrage tabagique

Effectiveness and acceptability of conversational agents for smoking cessation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

He, Linwei ; Balaji, Divyaa ; Wiers, Reinout W ; Antheunis, Marjolijn L ; Krahmer, Emiel

Conversational agents (computer programs that use artificial intelligence to simulate a conversation with users through natural language) have evolved considerably in recent years to support healthcare by providing autonomous, interactive, and accessible services, making them potentially useful for supporting smoking cessation. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an overarching evaluation of their effectiveness and acceptability to inform future development and [...]