Menée en Corée auprès de 302 patients atteints d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire de stade localisé traité entre 2012 et 2017 (durée médiane de suivi : 32,9 mois), cette étude analyse l'intérêt, du point de vue du taux de contrôle local à 3 ans, d'une radiothérapie corporelle stéréotaxique de sauvetage après une chimioembolisation transartérielle incomplète

Stereotactic body radiation therapy as a salvage treatment for single viable hepatocellular carcinoma at the site of incomplete transarterial chemoembolization: a retrospective analysis of 302 patients

Lee, Sumin ; Jung, Jinhong ; Park, Jin-hong ; Kim, So Yeon ; Choi, Jonggi ; Lee, Danbi ; Shim, Ju Hyun ; Kim, Kang Mo ; Lim, Young-Suk ; Lee, Han Chu ; Park, Hee Hyun ; Kim, Jong Hoon ; Yoon, Sang Min

Background: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients who received stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for single viable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at the site of incomplete transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods: Patients treated with SBRT for single viable HCC after incomplete TACE between 2012 and 2017 at Asan Medical Center (Seoul, South Korea) were included. Incomplete TACE was defined as (1) evidence of viable HCC at the site of TACE on follow-up dynamic computed [...]

Menée à l'aide de données portant sur 165 patients atteints d'un lymphome diffus à grandes cellules B récidivant ou réfractaire et ayant reçu une greffe autologue de cellules souches hématopoiétiques sur la période 2004-2016 (durée médiane de suivi : 48,9 mois), cette étude analyse, du point de vue du taux de réponse objective, l'efficacité d'une radiothérapie de sauvetage

Role of Salvage Radiation Treatment of Relapses in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Post Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

Ladbury, Colton ; Kambhampati, Swetha ; Othman, Tamer ; Hao, Claire ; Chen, Lu ; Wong, Jeffrey ; Cao, Thai ; Herrera, Alex ; Mei, Matthew ; Dandapani, Savita

Purpose: Approximately 50% of patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) will relapse post autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) and the role of salvage therapy is not well defined. We examined radiation therapy (RT) as salvage treatment in this patient population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of patients with DLBCL who had an ASCT during 2004-2016 and subsequently relapsed was performed. Clinical and pathologic characteristics were collected [...]

Mené sur 56 hommes atteints d'un carcinome épidermoïde glottique de stade T1a, cet essai randomisé compare l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie et de la préservation du larynx, d'une chirurgie endoscopique au laser par rapport à une radiothérapie

Survival and Larynx Preservation in Early Glottic Cancer: A Randomized Trial Comparing Laser Surgery and Radiation Therapy

Pakkanen, Pihla ; Irjala, Heikki ; Ilmarinen, Taru ; Halme, Elina ; Lindholm, Paula ; Mäkitie, Antti ; Wigren, Tuija ; Aaltonen, Leena-Maija

Purpose: The prognosis of glottic T1a laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is excellent with both transoral laser surgery (TLS) and radiation therapy (RT). Our aim was to compare TLS and RT treatment results in a randomized study. Methods and Materials: Of 56 male patients with glottic T1a LSCC, 31 were randomized for TLS and 25 for RT. Survival and larynx preservation data were collected from medical records. Results: Five-year overall survival (OS) was 87%, disease-specific survival (DSS) [...]

Menée à partir d'échantillons tumoraux et d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 184 patients atteints d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire et menée à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude met en évidence un mécanisme par lequel le blocage dans le microenvironnement tumoral du ligand PD-L1 des macrophages à métabolisme glycolytique restaure les propriétés antitumorales de ces derniers

PD-L1 blockade liberates intrinsic antitumourigenic properties of glycolytic macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma

Lu, Li-Gong ; Zhou, Zhi-Ling ; Wang, Xu-Yan ; Liu, Bo-Yuan ; Lu, Jin-Ying ; Liu, Shuai ; Zhang, Guang-Bo ; Zhan, Mei-Xiao ; Chen, Yun

Objective : Patients with increased PD-L1+ host cells in tumours are more potent to benefit from antiprogrammed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) treatment, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. We aim to elucidate the nature, regulation and functional relevance of PD-L1+ host cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Design : A total of untreated 184 HCC patients was enrolled randomly. C57BL/6 mice are given injection of Hepa1-6 cells to form autologous hepatoma. ELISpot, flow [...]

Mené sur 25 patients atteints d'une tumeur solide de stade avancé présentant la mutation G12C au niveau du gène KRAS, cet essai de phase I/IB évalue la dose maximale tolérée de l'adagrasib (un inhibiteur de KRASG12C dispensé par voie orale) et analyse ses caractéristiques pharmacocinétiques

First-in-Human Phase I/IB Dose-Finding Study of Adagrasib (MRTX849) in Patients With Advanced KRASG12C Solid Tumors (KRYSTAL-1)

Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou ; Pasi A. Jänne ; Ticiana A. Leal ; Igor I. Rybkin ; Joshua K. Sabari ; Minal A. Barve ; Lyudmila A. Bazhenova ; Melissa L. Johnson ; Karen L. Velastegui ; Cornelius Cilliers ; James G. Christensen ; Xiaohong Yan ; Richard C. Chao ; Kyriakos P. Papadopoulos

PURPOSE : Adagrasib (MRTX849) is an oral, highly selective, small-molecule, covalent inhibitor of KRASG12C. We report results from a phase I/IB study of adagrasib in non–small-cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and other solid tumors harboring the KRASG12C mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Patients with advanced KRASG12C-mutant solid tumors were treated with adagrasib 150 mg orally once daily, 300 mg once daily, 600 mg once daily, 1,200 mg once daily, or 600 mg orally twice a day using an [...]

Mené sur 12 patients atteints d'un lymphome primitif du système nerveux central récidivant, cet essai de phase I/II évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue du taux de réponse, du tisagenlecleucel (une immunothérapie à base de lymphocytes CAR-T ciblant CD19) et sa toxicité

Safety and Efficacy of Tisagenlecleucel in Primary CNS Lymphoma: A phase I/II clinical trial

Frigault, Matthew J ; Dietrich, Jorg ; Gallagher, Kathleen M E ; Roschewski, Mark J. ; Jordan, Justin T ; Forst, Deborah ; Plotkin, Scott R ; Cook, Daniella ; Casey, Keagan S ; Lindell, Kevin A ; DePinho, Gabriel D ; Katsis, Katelin ; Elder, Eva L ; Leick, Mark ; Choi, Bryan D. ; Horick, Nora ; Preffer, Fred ; Saylor, Meredith ; McAfee, Steven ; O'Donnell, Paul V ; Spitzer, Thomas R. ; Dey, Bimalangshu R. ; DeFilipp, Zachariah ; El-Jawahri, Areej ; Batchelor, Tracy T ; Maus, Marcela V ; Chen, Yi-Bin

CD19 directed CAR-T products have gained FDA approval for systemic large B-cell lymphoma. Due to concerns about potential immune cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), patients with primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) were excluded from all pivotal CAR-T studies. We conducted a phase I/II clinical trial of tisagenlecleucel in a highly refractory PCNSL patient population with significant unmet medical need (Clinicaltrials.gov; NCT02445248). Here we present results of twelve relapsed PCNSL [...]

Mené sur 43 patients atteints d'un cancer métastatique de la prostate résistant à la castration, cet essai de phase IB/II évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans progression à 6 mois, et la toxicité du ribociclib en combinaison avec le docétaxel et la prednisone

A phase Ib/II study of the CDK 4/6 inhibitor ribociclib in combination with docetaxel plus prednisone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

de Kouchkovsky, Ivan ; Rao, Arpit ; Carneiro, Benedito A. ; Zhang, Li ; Lewis, Catriona ; Phone, Audrey ; Small, Eric J. ; Friedlander, Terence ; Fong, Lawrence ; Paris, Pamela L. ; Ryan, Charles J. ; Szmulewitz, Russell Z. ; Aggarwal, Rahul

Purpose: Ribociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, demonstrates pre-clinical anti-tumor activity in combination with taxanes. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of ribociclib plus docetaxel in a phase Ib/II study in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Patients and Methods: Patients had chemotherapy-naive mCRPC with progression on {greater than or equal to} 1 androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI). The phase II primary endpoint was 6-month radiographic progression-free [...]

Cet article passe en revue les données démontrant l'intérêt de combiner une immunothérapie et une radiothérapie chez des patients atteints d'un cancer de la tête et du cou de stade localement avancé et récidivant ou métastatique, puis met en évidence les effets immunostimulants et immuno-inhibiteurs de la radiothérapie

Opportunities and Challenges in Combining Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancers

Cw. Wong, Kenneth ; Johnson, David ; Hui, Edwin P. ; Ct. Lam, Rachel ; By. Ma, Brigette ; Tc. Chan, Anthony

Locally advanced and recurrent/ metastatic (R/M) head and neck cancers have poor prognosis generally. Radiotherapy (RT) is known to have multiple immunomodulatory effects, and various immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been shown to be efficacious in the R/M setting in recent years. Hence, it is logical to combine RT and ICIs to improve the outlook for such patients, especially in view of the promising pre-clinical data on this novel combination. In this review, we highlighted the key [...]

Menée à partir des données 2014-2019 de la base Medicare, cette étude évalue l'efficacité d'incitations financières du système "The Oncology Care Model" pour améliorer l'adhésion aux anticancéreux oraux de patients atteints d'une leucémie myéloïde chronique, d'un cancer de la prostate ou d'un cancer du sein

The Oncology Care Model and Adherence to Oral Cancer Drugs: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis

Keating, Nancy L. ; Brooks, Gabriel A. ; Landrum, Mary Beth ; Liu, Pang-Hsiang ; Wolf, Robert ; Riedel, Lauren E. ; Kapadia, Nirav S. ; Jhatakia, Shalini ; Tripp, Amanda ; Simon, Carol ; Hsu, Van Doren ; Kummet, Colleen M. ; Hassol, Andrea

Background : Adherence to oral cancer drugs is suboptimal. The Oncology Care Model (OCM) offers oncology practices financial incentives to improve the value of cancer care. We assessed the impact of OCM on adherence to oral cancer therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), prostate cancer, and breast cancer. Methods : Using 2014–2019 Medicare data, we studied chemotherapy episodes for Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries prescribed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for CML, antiandrogens [...]

Cet article analyse la façon dont certains nanobiomatériaux, composés de lipides et/ou de polymères et capables de s'auto-assembler selon les conditions physico-chimiques du milieu, peuvent être utilisés pour améliorer l'efficacité des immunothérapies anticancéreuses

Leveraging self-assembled nanobiomaterials for improved cancer immunotherapy

Vincent, Michael P. ; Navidzadeh, Justin O. ; Bobbala, Sharan ; Scott, Evan A.

Nanomaterials and targeted drug delivery vehicles improve the therapeutic index of drugs and permit greater control over their pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and bioavailability. Here, nanotechnologies applied to cancer immunotherapy are discussed with a focus on current and next generation self-assembling drug delivery systems composed of lipids and/or polymers. Topics covered include the fundamental design, suitability, and inherent properties of nanomaterials that induce anti-tumor [...]

Cet article présente la dernière mise à jour des recommandations de l'"American Society of Clinical Oncology" concernant le traitement par voie systémique ou par irradiation d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules de stade I à IIIA ayant été réséqué complètement

Adjuvant Systemic Therapy and Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for Stage I-IIIA Completely Resected Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: ASCO Guideline Rapid Recommendation Update

Pisters, Katherine ; Kris, Mark G. ; Gaspar, Laurie E. ; Ismaila, Nofisat

ASCO Rapid Recommendations Updates highlight revisions to select ASCO guideline recommendations as a response to the emergence of new and practice-changing data. The rapid updates are supported by an evidence review and follow the guideline development processes outlined in the ASCO Guideline Methodology Manual. The goal of these articles is to disseminate updated recommendations, in a timely manner, to better inform health practitioners and the public on the best available cancer care options.

Cet article identifie les défis à relever pour développer en oncopédiatrie des lymphocytes CAR-T permettant de lutter efficacement contre les tumeurs du système nerveux central avec une toxicité réduite

The Road to CAR T-Cell Therapies for Pediatric CNS Tumors: Obstacles and New Avenues

Burns,Ian ; Gwynne,William D. ; Suk,Yujin ; Custers,Stefan ; Chaudhry,Iqra ; Venugopal,Chitra ; Singh,Sheila K.

Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors diagnosed in children and are the leading cause of pediatric cancer-related death. Those who do survive are faced with the long-term adverse effects of the current standard of care treatments of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. There is a pressing need for novel therapeutic strategies to treat pediatric CNS tumors more effectively while reducing toxicity – one of these novel modalities is chimeric antigen [...]

Menée à partir des données des registres américains des cancers portants sur 1 291 patients atteints d'un gliome diagnostiqué entre 2006 et 2015 et âgés de plus de 65 ans, cette étude identifie les différentes stratégies thérapeutiques (chirurgie, chimiothérapie, radiothérapie) et leur effet sur la survie globale

A Population-Based Study of Treatment and Survival in Older Glioma Patients

Reiner, Anne S ; Lobaugh, Stephanie M ; Gonen, Selin ; Diamond, Eli L ; Panageas, Katherine S

Background : Population-based analyses of patterns of care and survival of older patients diagnosed with grade II-III oligodendroglioma (OLI) or astrocytoma (AST) can aid clinicians in their understanding and care of these patients. Methods : We identified patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2015 with primary glioma diagnoses (OLI or AST) who were older than 65 years using the latest release of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database. Medicare claims were [...]