A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 2007 et 2018 (72 articles), cette étude estime la part des maladies (comme le cancer du sein) attribuable au tabagisme passif ainsi que la mortalité

Burden of disease attributable to second-hand smoke exposure: A systematic review

CARRERAS, Giulia ; Lugo, Alessandra ; GALLUS, Silvano ; Cortini, Barbara ; Fernández, Esteve ; López, Maria José ; Soriano, Joan B. ; Nicolás, Ángel López ; Semple, Sean ; GORINI, Giuseppe ; Castellano, Yolanda ; Fu, Marcela ; Ballbè, Montse ; Amalia, Beladenta ; Tigova, Olena ; Continente, Xavier ; Arechavala, Teresa ; Henderson, Elisabet ; Liu, Xiaoqiu ; Bosetti, Cristina ; Davoli, Enrico ; Colombo, Paolo ; O'Donnell, Rachel ; Dobson, Ruaraidh ; Clancy, Luke ; Keogan, Sheila ; Byrne, Hannah ; Behrakis, Panagiotis ; Tzortzi, Anna ; Vardavas, Constantine ; Vyzikidou, Vergina Konstantina ; Bakellas, Gerasimos ; Mattiampa, George ; Boffi, Roberto ; Ruprecht, Ario ; De Marco, Cinzia ; Borgini, Alessandro ; Veronese, Chiara ; Bertoldi, Martina ; Tittarelli, Andrea ; Verdi, Simona ; Chellini, Elisabetta ; Trapero-Bertran, Marta ; Guerrero, Daniel Celdrán ; Radu-Loghin, Cornel ; Nguyen, Dominick ; Starchenko, Polina ; Ancochea, Julio ; Alonso, Tamara ; Pastor, María Teresa ; Erro, Marta ; Roca, Ana ; Pérez, Patricia

Our aim was to provide a systematic review of studies on the burden of disease due to second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure, reviewing methods, exposure assessment, diseases causally linked to SHS, health outcomes, and estimates available to date. A literature review of studies on the burden of disease from SHS exposure, available in PubMed and SCOPUS, published 2007–2018 in English language, was carried out following the PRISMA recommendations. Overall, 588 studies were first identified, and 94 [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à l'aide de groupes de discussions incluant 159 adolescents (âge : 12-17 ans), cette étude identifie les messages les plus convaincants pour la prévention des risques sanitaires liés à l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique chez les jeunes

Reactions to electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) prevention messages: results from qualitative research used to inform FDA’s first youth ENDS prevention campaign

Roditis, Maria L ; Dineva, Atanaska ; Smith, Alexandria ; Walker, Matthew ; Delahanty, Janine ; D'lorio, Emily ; Holtz, Kristen D

Background : Youth e-cigarette use is a major public health concern. Large-scale tobacco prevention campaigns are a proven strategy to prevent tobacco use. There is a gap in understanding what types of e-cigarette prevention messages might be most effective. This study addresses this gap by reporting youth reactions to health messages aimed at preventing e-cigarette use. Methods : In 2018, twenty-four focus groups, with 159 teens (12–17) at risk for or experimenting with e-cigarettes were [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis entre 2001 et 2016 par enquête auprès de 806 jeunes fumeurs (âge : 18-34 ans), cette étude estime l'effet de la disparition des cigarettes mentholées sur leur comportement tabagique

Longitudinal Response to Restrictions on Menthol Cigarettes Among Young Adult US Menthol Smokers, 2011–2016

Shyanika W. Rose ; Ollie Ganz ; Yitong Zhou ; Brittany E. Carnegie ; Andrea C. Villanti ; Jessica Rath ; Elizabeth C. Hair

Objectives : To examine responses to hypothetical restrictions on menthol cigarettes among young adult menthol smokers in the United States. Methods : We surveyed Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort respondents 18 to 34 years of age every 6 months from December 2011 through October 2016. Menthol cigarette smokers (n = 806, n = 1963 observations) indicated their response if menthol cigarettes were unavailable. Weighted analyses accounting for repeated measures were used to estimate the [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis par enquête publique, cette étude identifie des maladies pulmonaires associées à l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique (53 cas)

Pulmonary Illness Related to E-Cigarette Use in Illinois and Wisconsin — Preliminary Report

Layden, Jennifer E. ; Ghinai, Isaac ; Pray, Ian ; Kimball, Anne ; Layer, Mark ; Tenforde, Mark ; Navon, Livia ; Hoots, Brooke ; Salvatore, Phillip P. ; Elderbrook, Megan ; Haupt, Thomas ; Kanne, Jeffrey ; Patel, Megan T. ; Saathoff-Huber, Lori ; King, Brian A. ; Schier, Josh G. ; Mikosz, Christina A. ; Meiman, Jonathan

Background : E-cigarettes are battery-operated devices that heat a liquid and deliver an aerosolized product to the user. Pulmonary illnesses related to e-cigarette use have been reported, but no large series has been described. In July 2019, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services and the Illinois Department of Public Health received reports of pulmonary disease associated with the use of e-cigarettes (also called vaping) and launched a coordinated public health investigation. Methods : We [...]

Menée aux Pays-Bas par enquête auprès de 120 852 participants (durée de suivi : 20,3 ans), cette étude analyse, en fonction du sexe, l'association entre une adhésion à un régime méditerranéen et le risque de cancer colorectal

Mediterranean diet adherence and risk of colorectal cancer: the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study

Schulpen, Maya ; van den Brandt, Piet A.

Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence has been associated with a large variety of health benefits. However, prospective studies investigating the relation between MD adherence and colorectal cancer risk had inconsistent results. In this analysis of the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS), we evaluated sex- and subsite-specific associations of MD adherence with colorectal cancer risk. In 1986, 120,852 subjects filled out the NLCS baseline questionnaire, which incorporated a 150-item food frequency [...]

Menée en Chine entre 1995 et 2017 auprès de 3 365 personnes (âge : 35-64 ans ; durée de suivi : 22,3 ans), cet essai randomisé évalue l'effet du traitement de Helicobacter pylori, d'une supplémentation en vitamines et d'une supplémentation en ail dans la prévention du cancer gastrique (151 cas ; 94 décès)

Effects of Helicobacter pylori treatment and vitamin and garlic supplementation on gastric cancer incidence and mortality: follow-up of a randomized intervention trial

Li, Wen-Qing ; Zhang, Jing-Yu ; Ma, Jun-Ling ; Li, Zhe-Xuan ; Zhang, Lian ; Zhang, Yang ; Guo, Yang ; Zhou, Tong ; Li, Ji-You ; Shen, Lin ; Liu, Wei-Dong ; Han, Zhong-Xiang ; Blot, William J ; Gail, Mitchell H ; Pan, Kai-Feng ; You, Wei-Cheng

Objective : To assess the effects of Helicobacter pylori treatment, vitamin supplementation, and garlic supplementation in the prevention of gastric cancer. Design : Blinded randomized placebo controlled trial. Setting : Linqu County, Shandong province, China. Participants : 3365 residents of a high risk region for gastric cancer. 2258 participants seropositive for antibodies to H pylori were randomly assigned to H pylori treatment, vitamin supplementation, garlic supplementation, or their [...]

Cet article fait le point sur les méthodes de chimioprévention du cancer du sein chez les femmes à haut risque et identifie les facteurs associés à leur faible utilisation

Breast cancer chemoprevention: An update on current practice and opportunities for primary care physicians

Ball, Somedeb ; Arevalo, Meily ; Juarez, Edna ; Payne, J. Drew ; Jones, Catherine

Several risk assessment models have been validated for the estimation of risk of breast cancer in women. Chemoprevention through hormonal therapy is an effective way to reduce the incidence of breast cancer in women with high risk. Selective estrogen receptor modulators, tamoxifen and raloxifene, are approved for this indication by the United States Food and Drug Administration, and aromatase inhibitors have also shown promise in recent studies. These medications are generally well tolerated, [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis sur la période 2003-2016 à l'aide d'échantillons cervico-vaginaux auto-prélevés par 4 674 femmes âgées de 14 à 34 ans, cette étude analyse l'effet de la vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain en fonction de l'origine ethnique et de la catégorie d'âge

Declines in Vaccine-Type Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in Females Across Racial/Ethnic Groups: Data From a National Survey

McClung, Nancy M. ; Lewis, Rayleen M. ; Gargano, Julia W. ; Querec, Troy ; Unger, Elizabeth R. ; Markowitz, Lauri E.

Purpose : To monitor human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine impact in the U.S., we evaluated quadrivalent vaccine (4vHPV)-type prevalence among females aged 14–34 years in the prevaccine (2003–2006) and vaccine (2013–2016) eras overall and by race/ethnicity in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods : We analyzed HPV DNA prevalence in self-collected cervicovaginal specimens, demographic characteristics, sexual behavior, and self-reported/parent-reported vaccination status. We [...]

Menée au Canada sur la période 2005-2013 auprès de 497 couples hétérosexuels (âge des femmes : 18-24 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet de la vaccination des jeunes femmes sexuellement actives contre le papillomavirus humain sur la transmission du HPV au sein du couple

Vaccination of young women decreases human papillomavirus transmission in heterosexual couples: findings from the HITCH cohort study

Wissing, Michel D ; Burchell, Ann N ; El-Zein, Mariam ; Tellier, Pierre-Paul ; Coutlée, François ; Franco, Eduardo L.

Background : Vaccination against human papillomaviruses (HPV) prevents HPV infections and consequently, cervical lesions. However, the effect of vaccination on HPV transmission within couples is unknown. Methods : We used data from HITCH, a prospective cohort study of heterosexual couples (women aged 18-24y) in Montreal, 2005-2013. Vaccination history was self-reported. Genital samples were tested for HPV DNA by PCR (Linear Array). Type-specific viral loads were quantified using real-time PCR. [...]