Menée à partir de données portant sur 560 356 participantes (durée de suivi : 5,2 millions personnes-années ; durée moyenne de suivi : 9,3 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation de thé ou de café et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre (4 067 cas)

Tea and coffee and risk of endometrial cancer: cohort study and meta-analysis

Yang, TienYu Owen ; Crowe, Francesca ; Cairns, Benjamin J ; Reeves, Gillian K ; Beral, Valerie

Background : Previous reports, mostly from retrospective studies, suggested possible protective effects of both tea and coffee against endometrial cancer, but recent reports from prospective studies generally showed weaker or null associations. Objectives : We investigated endometrial cancer risk in relation to tea and coffee consumption in a large prospective study and did a meta-analysis of published results. Design : Daily consumption of tea and coffee was recorded in 560,356 participants [...]

Menée à partir d'une enquête réalisée entre 2000 et 2002 auprès de 73 458 participants (âge : de 50 à 76 ans ; période de suivi : 2000-2010), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de cancer colorectal en fonction des caractéristiques des participants (sexe, indice de masse corporelle, niveau d'activité physique, statut tabagique,...)

Association of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs with Colorectal Cancer by Subgroups in the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) Study

Wang, Xiaoliang ; Peters, Ulrike ; Potter, John D ; White, Emily

Background : There is substantial evidence that use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduces the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but no subgroup has been identified for which the chemoprevention effect outweighs the risk of side effects. Methods : We tested the interaction between NSAID use and multiple risk factors on CRC risk in the VITAL cohort. A total of 73,458 individuals aged 50-76 completed a questionnaire between 2000 and 2002, and 674 incidental colorectal cancer [...]

Mené sur 45 patients présentant des foyers de cryptes aberrantes au niveau du côlon-rectum, cet essai de phase IIa évalue l'intérêt de l'erlotinib pour inhiber les voies de signalisation du récepteur EGFR et réduire le risque de cancer colorectal

A Phase IIa Randomized, Double-Blind Trial of Erlotinib in Inhibiting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling in Aberrant Crypt Foci of the Colorectum

Gillen, Daniel L. ; Meyskens, Frank L. ; Morgan, Timothy R. ; Zell, Jason ; Carrol, Robert ; Benya, Richard ; Chen, Wen-Pin ; Mo, Allen ; Tucker, Chris ; Bhattacharya, Asmita ; Huang, Zhiliang ; Arcilla, Myra ; WONG, VANESSA ; Chung, Jinah ; Gonzalez, Rachel ; Rodriguez, Luz Maria ; Szabo, Eva ; Rosenberg, Daniel W. ; Lipkin, Steven M.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) progresses through multiple distinct stages that are potentially amenable to chemopreventative intervention. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are efficacious in advanced tumors including CRC. There is significant evidence that EGFR also plays important roles in CRC initiation, and that EGFR inhibitors block tumorigenesis. We performed a double-blind randomized clinical trial to test whether the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib given for up to 30 days had an [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études sur des vaccins non viraux ciblant des protéines oncogènes ou des protéines impliquées dans les processus inflammatoires pour réduire la tumorigenèse, puis analyse le rôle potentiel de médicaments, tels que l'aspirine ou la metformine, pour améliorer l'efficacité de ces vaccins

Nonviral Oncogenic Antigens and the Inflammatory Signals Driving Early Cancer Development as Targets for Cancer Immunoprevention

Chu, Nina J ; Armstrong, Todd D ; Jaffee, Elizabeth M.

Cancer immunoprevention is an emerging field that holds much promise. Within the last 20 years, prophylactic vaccines have been implemented on the population level for the immunoprevention of carcinomas induced by viruses, specifically hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Armed with the success of prophylactic vaccines that prevent viral induced tumors, the field must overcome its next hurdle: to develop robust prophylactic vaccines that prevent the remaining >80% [...]

Mené sur 612 femmes enceintes ayant une pratique tabagique, cet essai de phase II évalue, du point de vue du sevrage tabagique vérifié par dosage urinaire ou salivaire de la cotinine, l'efficacité d'une intervention comportant un traitement susbtitutif nicotinique gratuit, un suivi hebdomaire par téléphone et des incitations financières

Financial incentives for smoking cessation in pregnancy: randomised controlled trial

Tappin, David ; Bauld, Linda ; Purves, David ; Boyd, Kathleen ; Sinclair, Lesley ; MacAskill, Susan ; McKell, Jennifer ; Friel, Brenda ; McConnachie, Alex ; de Caestecker, Linda ; Tannahill, Carol ; Radley, Andrew ; Coleman, Tim

Objective : To assess the efficacy of a financial incentive added to routine specialist pregnancy stop smoking services versus routine care to help pregnant smokers quit. Design : Phase II therapeutic exploratory single centre, individually randomised controlled parallel group superiority trial. Setting : One large health board area with a materially deprived, inner city population in the west of Scotland, United Kingdom. Participants : 612 self reported pregnant smokers in NHS Greater Glasgow [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de 70 259 femmes (durée de suivi : 888 258 personnes-années), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de méthodes contraceptives (dispositifs intra-utérins, ligature des trompes, ...) et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

Contraceptive methods and ovarian cancer risk among Chinese women: A report from the Shanghai Women's Health Study

Huang, Zhezhou ; Gao, Yutang ; Wen, Wanqing ; Li, Honglan ; Zheng, Wei ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia

Oral contraceptive use is associated with reduced ovarian cancer risk; however, associations with other contraceptive methods, such as intrauterine device (IUD) and tubal ligation, are less clear. Women in China differ from western women in regard to mechanisms and duration of use of contraception. This study was undertaken to evaluate associations between contraceptive methods and ovarian cancer risk using data from the prospective Shanghai Women's Health Study. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% [...]

Cette étude montre qu'une déficience en protéine Id1 protège contre la tumorigenèse chez un modèle murin de polypose adénomateuse familiale mais pas chez un modèle murin de cancer du côlon associé à une colite

Id1 Deficiency Protects Against Tumor Formation in ApcMin/+ Mice but Not in a Mouse Model of Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer

Zhang, Ning ; Subbaramaiah, Kotha ; Yantiss, Rhonda K. ; Zhou, Xi Kathy ; Chin, Yvette ; Benezra, Robert ; Dannenberg, Andrew J.

Different mechanisms contribute to the development of sporadic, hereditary and colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Inhibitor of DNA binding/differentiation (Id) proteins act as dominant-negative antagonists of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. Id1 is a promising target for cancer therapy but little is known about its role in the development of colon cancer. We used immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that Id1 is overexpressed in human colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, whether [...]