Menée auprès de 125 fumeurs participant à un programme d'aide au sevrage tabagique comportant une thérapie comportementale et cognitive, une pharmacothérapie par varénicline et des entretiens téléphoniques de suivi individuel (âge moyen : 47 ans ; 50 hommes et 75 femmes), cette étude identifie les facteurs prédictifs associés à une abstinence tabagique prolongée

Adherence to treatment to help quit smoking: effects of task performance and coping with withdrawal symptoms

Lopez-Torrecillas, Francisca ; Rueda, Ma ; Lopez-Quirantes, Eva ; Santiago, Javier ; Tapioles, Reyes

BACKGROUND : Currently the combined cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological treatment is the best option to quit smoking, although success rates remain moderate. This study aimed to identify predictors of continuous abstinence in an assisted smoking cessation program using combined treatment. In particular, we analyzed the effects of socio-demographic, smoking-, and treatment-related variables. In addition, we analyzed the effect of several risk factors on abstinence, and estimated a model of [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 1 425 jeunes fumeurs (âge : de 21 à 28 ans), cette étude évalue, en fonction de l'appartenance ethnique, la proportion de participants fumant leur première cigarette de la journée juste après le réveil, puis identifie les facteurs prédictifs associés à ce comportement tabagique

Predictors of the Nicotine Dependence Behavior Time to the First Cigarette in a Multiracial Cohort

Branstetter, Steven A. ; Mercincavage, Melissa ; Muscat, Joshua E.

Background : The time to first cigarette of the day (TTFC) is a strong indicator of nicotine dependence behaviors such as nicotine uptake and quit success in young and older smokers. There are substantial differences in levels of nicotine dependence by race and ethnic group. Methods : Data from Wave III of the multiracial National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health were analyzed for young smokers between the ages of 21 and 28 (N = 1,425). Time to first cigarette data was compared between [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur 66 182 patients atteints d'un carcinome basocellulaire ou d'un carcinome épidermoïde diagnostiqué entre 1995 et 2013 et sur 96 854 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de cancer de la peau hors mélanome

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer

Reinau, Daphne ; Surber, Christian ; Jick, Susan S. ; Meier, Christoph R.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been assigned a promising role in the chemoprevention of various malignancies. However, epidemiological data on the association between NSAID use and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) are limited. To explore whether patients regularly exposed to systemic NSAIDs are at a reduced risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we conducted a population-based case-control analysis using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a [...]

Cet article analyse le rôle potentiel de l'acide oléanolique, des triterpénoïdes de type oléanane et des composés synthétiques correspondants dans la chimioprévention et le traitement d'un cancer du sein

Oleanane triterpenoids in the prevention and therapy of breast cancer: current evidence and future perspectives

Parikh, NishaR ; Mandal, Animesh ; Bhatia, Deepak ; Siveen, KodappullySivaraman ; Sethi, Gautam ; Bishayee, Anupam

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and major cause of death in women in the world. Emerging evidence underscores the value of dietary and non-dietary phytochemicals, including triterpenoids, in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Oleanolic acid, an oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenoid, is present in a large number of dietary and medicinal plants. Oleanolic acid and its derivatives exhibit several promising pharmacological activities, including [...]

Menée à partir des données 1998-2011 d'une enquête nationale de santé et de nutrition (n = 54 167 dont 14 071 fumeurs), cette étude coréenne analyse l'effet d'une augmentation du prix des cigarettes sur la consommation tabagique en fonction du revenu des fumeurs

Are lower income smokers more price sensitive?: the evidence from Korean cigarette tax increases

Choi, Seng Eun

Background : The cigarette excise taxes and the price of a typical pack of cigarettes in Korea have not increased since 2005, and effective tax rate as a fraction of price and real price of cigarettes have both been falling. As smoking prevalence is higher among lower income people than among higher income people in Korea, the regressivity of cigarette excise taxes is often cited as a barrier to tobacco tax and price policy. While studies in several other high-income countries have shown that [...]

Menée à partir d'une revue de la littérature et à l'aide d'un système de score mesurant le niveau de preuve scientifique des études, cet article analyse les recommandations concernant la prévention primaire et la prévention secondaire de différents types de cancer (sein, col de l'utérus, côlon-rectum, prostate ou poumon)

SEOM guide to primary and secondary prevention of cancer: 2014

Segura, P. P. ; Fombella, J. P. B. ; Lorenzo, B. P. ; Martín, M. R. ; Lopez, P. G.

Purpose : The current incidence of cancer in the world is 14 million cases in 2012, with a mortality rate of 8.2 million in that year. The incidence of cancer in Spain exceeds 215,000 cases a year, and survival rates are the highest when compared to those of our neighbouring countries. Among the reasons for the steady decrease in cancer mortality rates in Spain, two causes must be highlighted: the increasing efficacy of treatment and prevention measures. It is important evaluate the opportunity [...]

Mené à partir de questionnaires auprès de 192 participants, cet essai évalue l'intérêt d'une intervention, reposant sur l'envoi d'informations et de conseils personnalisés, pour améliorer leurs comportements de prévention vis-à-vis de l'exposition solaire et leur apprendre à détecter un cancer de la peau

Effects of Tailored Risk Communications for Skin Cancer Prevention and Detection: The PennSCAPE Randomized Trial

Glanz, Karen ; Volpicelli, Kathryn ; Jepson, Christopher ; Ming, Michael E. ; Schuchter, Lynn M. ; Armstrong, Katrina

Background : Prevention and early detection measures for melanoma, such as sun avoidance and skin examinations, are important, but are practiced inconsistently. In this replication of the Project SCAPE trial, we sought to determine whether tailored print materials were more effective at improving adherence than generic print materials for patients at increased-risk of skin cancer. Methods : Participants were randomized to receive personalized mailed communications about their skin cancer risk [...]