A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (63 études, 4 324 462 paticipants, 27 231 cas de cancer du côlon et 13 813 cas de cancer du rectum), cette méta-analyse fait le point sur l'association entre des comportements sédentaires et le risque de cancer du côlon ou du rectum

Association of sedentary behaviour with colon and rectal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Cong, Y. J. ; Gan, Y. ; Sun, H. L. ; Deng, J. ; Cao, S. Y. ; Xu, X. ; Lu, Z. X.

Sedentary behaviour is ubiquitous in modern society. Emerging studies have focused on the health consequences of sedentary behaviour, including colorectal cancer, but whether sedentary behaviour is associated with the risks of colon and rectal cancer remains unclear. No systematic reviews have applied quantitative techniques to independently compute summary risk estimates. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate this issue. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Iowa Women's Health Study" incluant 23 039 femmes ménopausées, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre une consommation de boissons sucrées et le risque de cancer de l'endomètre

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and the Risk of Type I and Type II Endometrial Cancer among Postmenopausal Women

Inoue-Choi, Maki ; Robien, Kim ; Mariani, Andrea ; Cerhan, James R. ; Anderson, Kristin E.

Background: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake has been associated with an increased risk of obesity and type II diabetes. However, its association with endometrial cancer is unclear. Methods: We evaluated dietary intake of SSB, fruit juice, sugar-free beverages, sweets/baked goods, starch, and sugars among 23,039 postmenopausal women in the Iowa Women's Health Study. Incident estrogen-dependent type I and estrogen-independent type II endometrial cancers were identified via linkage with the [...]

Menée aux Pays-Bas auprès de 120 852 participants âgés de 55 à 69 ans, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à des champs magnétiques d'extrêmement basse fréquence et le risque de cancers (poumon, sein, cerveau, sang)

Occupational extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure and selected cancer outcomes in a prospective Dutch cohort

Koeman, Tom ; den Brandt, PietA ; Slottje, Pauline ; Schouten, LeoJ ; Goldbohm, R. Alexandra ; Kromhout, Hans ; Vermeulen, Roel

Purpose : To investigate the association between exposure to occupational extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and the risk of a priori selected cancer outcomes within the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study. Methods : 120,852 men and women aged 55–69 years at time of enrollment in 1986 were followed up (17.3 years) for incident lung, breast and brain cancer, and hemato-lymphoproliferative malignancies. Information on occupational history and potential confounders such as sex, age, [...]

Menée en Finlande sur la période 1967-2004 auprès de salariés de la métallurgie, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle au ferrochrome et aux aciers inoxydables et le risque de cancer

Cancer incidence among Finnish ferrochromium and stainless steel production workers in 1967–2011: a cohort study

Huvinen, Markku ; Pukkala, Eero

Objectives : The aim of the study was to assess the risk of cancer among workers employed in the Finnish ferrochromium and stainless steel industry since the beginning of production in 1967. Methods : The study cohort was made up of all persons employed by the Finnish stainless steel production chain from chromite mining to cold rolling of stainless steel during the period 1967–2004, and it was divided into subcohorts by production units with specific exposure patterns of the subcohorts [...]

A partir des données des registres américains des cancers, cette étude évalue l'association entre 14 types d'infections acquises en collectivité et le risque de leucémie myéloïde aiguë, de leucémie myéloïde chronique, de syndrome myélodysplasique ou de tumeurs myéloprolifératives

Community-acquired infections and their association with myeloid malignancies

Titmarsh, Glen J. ; McMullin, Mary Frances ; McShane, Charlene M. ; Clarke, Mike ; Engels, Eric A. ; Anderson, Lesley A.

Introduction: Antigenic stimulation is a proposed aetiologic mechanism for many haematological malignancies. Limited evidence suggests that community-acquired infections may increase the risk of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). However, associations with other myeloid malignancies including chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are unknown. Materials and methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result [...]

Menée en Chine à partir d'échantillons de tissus tumoraux prélevés sur 196 individus, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par Helicobacter pylori, une inflammation, une hyperplasie atypique du tissu épithélial squameux de l'œsophage et le risque subséquent de cancer de l'œsophage

Esophageal intraepithelial invasion of Helicobacter pylori correlates with atypical hyperplasia

Li, Wen-sheng ; Tian, Dong-ping ; Guan, Xiao-ying ; Yun, Hailong ; Wang, Hong-tao ; Xiao, Yinping ; Bi, Chao ; Ying, Songmin ; Su, Min

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a common pathogen residing in the gastrointestinal tract, has been well characterized in stomach cancer,while its correlation with esophageal cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we aim to assess the relationship between esophageal intraepithelial H. pylori invasion and inflammation as well as atypical hyperplasia in esophageal squamous epithelial tissues. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissue samples from 196 individuals from both [...]

A partir d'une vue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en décembre 2012 (2 études de cohorte et 34 études cas-témoins), cette méta-analyse fait le point sur une interruption volontaire de grossesse et le risque de cancer du sein chez des femmes chinoises

A meta-analysis of the association between induced abortion and breast cancer risk among Chinese females

Huang, Yubei ; Zhang, Xiaoliang ; Li, Weiqin ; Song, Fengju ; Dai, Hongji ; Wang, Jing ; Gao, Ying ; Liu, Xueou ; Chen, Chuan ; Yan, Ye ; Wang, Yaogang ; Chen, Kexin

Objective : To evaluate the association between induced abortion (IA) and breast cancer risk among Chinese females. Methods : We searched three English databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Wiley) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, WanFang, and VIP) for studies up to December 2012, supplemented by manual searches. Two reviewers independently conducted the literature searching, study selection, and data extraction and quality assessment of included studies. Random effects models were used to [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir des données de 2 629 patients masculins atteints d'un séminome de stade I et ayant été traités par radiothérapie, cette étude analyse le risque de second cancer lié aux rayonnements ionisants ainsi que la mortalité

Second cancer risk and mortality in men treated with radiotherapy for stage I seminoma

Horwich, A. ; Fossa, S. D. ; Huddart, R. ; Dearnaley, D. P. ; Stenning, S. ; Aresu, M. ; Bliss, J. M. ; Hall, E.

Background : Patients with stage I testicular seminoma are typically diagnosed at a young age and treatment is associated with low relapse and mortality rates. The long-term risks of adjuvant radiotherapy in this patient group are therefore particularly relevant. Methods: We identified patients and obtained treatment details from 12 cancer centres (11 United Kingdom, 1 Norway) and ascertained second cancers and mortality through national registries. Data from 2629 seminoma patients treated with [...]

Menée auprès de1 295 cas et de 834 témoins, cette étude canadienne évalue l'association entre la fréquence de mutations du gène PPM1D dans les globules blancs et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

PPM1D Mutations in Circulating White Blood Cells and the Risk for Ovarian Cancer

Akbari, Mohammad R. ; Lepage, Pierre ; Rosen, Barry ; McLaughlin, John ; Risch, Harvey ; Minden, Mark ; Narod, Steven A.

We compared the frequency of PPM1D mutation in the white blood cells from 1295 ovarian cancer case patients and 834 control subjects. We found a truncating mutation in 20 case patients vs 1 control subject (odds ratio [OR] = 13.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.75 to 97.55; P < .001). The 12-year mortality of the PPM1D-positive case patients was higher than that of the PPM1D-negative case patients (hazard ratio = 2.02; 95% CI = 1.21 to 3.39; P = .007). Three of the 20 PPM1D carrier case [...]

Couplée aux données de l'essai "Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial" et menée sur 526 cas et 592 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre des marqueurs de l'inflammation et le risque de cancer du poumon

Circulating Inflammation Markers and Prospective Risk of Lung Cancer

Shiels, Meredith S. ; Pfeiffer, Ruth M. ; Hildesheim, Allan ; Engels, Eric A. ; Kemp, Troy J. ; Park, Ju-Hyun ; Katki, Hormuzd A. ; Koshiol, Jill ; Shelton, Gloriana ; Caporaso, Neil E. ; Pinto, Ligia A. ; Chaturvedi, Anil K.

Background : Despite growing recognition of an etiologic role for inflammation in lung carcinogenesis, few prospective epidemiologic studies have comprehensively investigated the association of circulating inflammation markers with lung cancer. Methods : We conducted a nested case–control study (n = 526 lung cancer patients and n = 592 control subjects) within the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Control subjects were matched to lung cancer case patients on age, [...]

Menée sur une cohorte multiethnique auprès de 233 cas et 342 témoins, cette étude américaine analyse l'association entre 15 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide des gènes UGT2B17 et UGT2B15 et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Novel associations of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B gene variants with prostate cancer risk in a multiethnic study

Vidal, Adriana ; Tucker, Cocoa ; Schildkraut, Joellen ; Richardson, Ricardo ; McPhail, Megan ; Freedland, Stephen ; Hoyo, Cathrine ; Grant, Delores

BACKGROUND:We have previously shown that a functional polymorphism of the UGT2B15 gene (rs1902023) was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer (PC). Novel functional polymorphisms of the UGT2B17 and UGT2B15 genes have been recently characterized by in vitro assays but have not been evaluated in epidemiologic studies. METHODS:Fifteen functional SNPs of the UGT2B17 and UGT2B15 genes, including cis-acting UGT2B gene SNPs, were genotyped in African American and Caucasian men (233 PC cases [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Malmö Diet and Cancer Study" portant sur 584 cas, cette étude suédoise analyse l'association entre des facteurs anthropométriques (taille, poids, indice de masse corporelle, tour de taille) et le risque de cancer colorectal chez les hommes et chez les femmes, en fonction de l'expression immunohistochimique de la béta-caténine, de la cycline D1, du gène p53 et du statut de l'instabilité des microsatellites de la tumeur

Influence of anthropometric factors on tumour biological characteristics of colorectal cancer in men and women: a cohort study

Brandstedt, Jenny ; Wangefjord, Sakarias ; Borgquist, Signe ; Nodin, Bjorn ; Eberhard, Jakob ; Manjer, Jonas ; Jirström, Karin

BACKGROUND:Obesity is a well established risk factor of colorectal cancer (CRC), but how body size influences risk of colorectal cancer defined by key molecular alterations remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist- and hip circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and risk of CRC according to expression of beta-catenin, cyclin D1, p53 and microsatellite instability status of the tumours in men and women, respectively. [...]

Couplée à la cohorte européenne EPIC et menée auprès de 938 cas et de 1 394 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre les niveaux de IGF-1 circulant et le risque de cancer du sein, en fonction de l'âge et du statut du récepteur hormonal

Insulin-like growth factor I and risk of breast cancer by age and hormone receptor status—A prospective study within the EPIC cohort

Kaaks, Rudolf ; Johnson, Theron ; Tikk, Kaja ; Sookthai, Disorn ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Roswall, Nina ; Overvad, Kim ; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Dossus, Laure ; Rinaldi, Sabina ; Romieu, Isabelle ; Boeing, Heiner ; Schütze, Madlen ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Palli, Domenico ; Grioni, Sara ; Tumino, Rosario ; Sacerdote, Carlotta ; Panico, Salvatore ; Buckland, Genevieve ; Argüelles, Marcial ; Sánchez, María-José ; Amiano, Pilar ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; van Gils, Carla H. ; Peeters, Petra H. ; Andersson, Anne ; Sund, Malin ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Torhild Gram, Inger ; Lund, Eiliv ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Wareham, Nick ; Key, Timothy J. ; Travis, Ruth C. ; Merritt, Melissa A. ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Riboli, Elio ; Lukanova, Annekatrin

Experimental evidence shows cross-talk in mammary cells between estrogen, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and their respective receptors and possible synergistic effects of estrogen receptor (ER) activation and increased IGF-I signaling with regard to breast tumor development, and epidemiological evidence suggests that circulating IGF-I levels may be related more to the risk of ER-positive than ER-negative breast cancer. Using a case–control study nested within the prospective European [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "Women’s Circle of Health Study" et menée sur 786 cas et 1 015 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre la parité, l'allaitement et le risque de cancer du sein chez des femmes afro-américaines en fonction du statut du récepteur des œstrogènes

Parity and breastfeeding among African-American women: differential effects on breast cancer risk by estrogen receptor status in the Women’s Circle of Health Study

Ambrosone, ChristineB ; Zirpoli, Gary ; Ruszczyk, Melanie ; Shankar, Jyoti ; Hong, Chi-Chen ; McIlwain, Demetra ; Roberts, Michelle ; Yao, Song ; McCann, SusanE ; Ciupak, Gregory ; Hwang, Helena ; Khoury, Thaer ; Jandorf, Lina ; Bovbjerg, DanaH ; Pawlish, Karen ; Bandera, ElisaV

Purpose : It has long been held that parity reduces risk of breast cancer. However, accumulating evidence indicates that the effects of parity, as well as breastfeeding, may vary according to estrogen receptor (ER) status. We evaluated these associations in a case–control study among African-American women in New York City and New Jersey. Methods : In the Women’s Circle of Health Study, including 786 African-American women with breast cancer and 1,015 controls, data on reproductive histories [...]

Menée en population taïwanaise auprès de 317 cas et de 400 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des polymorphismes du gène HLA-G et le risque de carcinome épidermoïde du col de l'utérus

Human leucocyte antigen-G polymorphisms are associated with cervical squamous cell carcinoma risk in Taiwanese women

Yang, Yuh-Cheng ; Chang, Tzu-Yang ; Chen, Tze-Chien ; Lin, Wen-Shan ; Chang, Shih-Chuan ; Lee, Yann-Jinn

The mere presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) is not enough for cervical cancer development and immunogenetic background may play an important role. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-G acts as a negative regulator of immune responses and its expression in tumour cells may enable them to avoid immune attack. We aim to study if polymorphisms in the HLA-G gene are associated with cervical cancer risk in Taiwanese women. +1537 A/C, 14-bp deletion/insertion (Del/Ins), and +3142 G/C polymorphisms were [...]

A partir des données d'une étude cas-témoins multicentrique menée auprès d'ouvriers agricoles, cette étude égyptienne évalue l'association entre une exposition à des pesticides, des polymorphismes génétiques et le risque de cancer de la vessie

Pesticide, Gene Polymorphisms and Bladder Cancer among Egyptian Agricultural Workers

Amr, Sania ; Dawson, Rebecca ; Saleh, Doa'a A. ; Magder, Laurence S. ; George, Diane Marie St ; El-Daly, Mai ; Squibb, Katherine ; Mikhail, Nabiel N. ; Abdel-Hamid, Mohamed ; Khaled, Hussein ; Loffredo, Christopher A.

Abstract : We examined the associations between pesticide exposure, genetic polymorphisms for NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase I (NQO1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and urinary bladder cancer risk among male agricultural workers in Egypt. We used logistic regression to analyze data from a multi-center case-control study and estimate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI (confidence interval) Exposure to pesticides was associated with increased bladder cancer risk (1.68 (1.23?2.29)) in a [...]

Menée sur deux cohortes indépendantes de 13 835 et 7 406 participants, cette étude compare les résultats issus de deux méthodes d'association, l'une faisant appel à des données issues de dossiers médicaux électroniques ("phenome-wide"), l'autre à des données génomiques ("genome-wide"), pour analyser les bases génomiques des maladies humaines

Systematic comparison of phenome-wide association study of electronic medical record data and genome-wide association study data

Denny, Joshua C. ; Bastarache, Lisa ; Ritchie, Marylyn D. ; Carroll, Robert J. ; Zink, Raquel ; Mosley, Jonathan D. ; Field, Julie R. ; Pulley, Jill M. ; Ramirez, Andrea H. ; Bowton, Erica ; Basford, Melissa A. ; Carrell, David S. ; Peissig, Peggy L. ; Kho, Abel N. ; Pacheco, Jennifer A. ; Rasmussen, Luke V. ; Crosslin, David R. ; Crane, Paul K. ; Pathak, Jyotishman ; Bielinski, Suzette J. ; Pendergrass, Sarah A. ; Xu, Hua ; Hindorff, Lucia A. ; Li, Rongling ; Manolio, Teri A. ; Chute, Christopher G. ; Chisholm, Rex L. ; Larson, Eric B. ; Jarvik, Gail P. ; Brilliant, Murray H. ; McCarty, Catherine A. ; Kullo, Iftikhar J. ; Haines, Jonathan L. ; Crawford, Dana C. ; Masys, Daniel R. ; Roden, Dan M.

Candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic variants that modulate risk for human disease; many of these associations require further study to replicate the results. Here we report the first large-scale application of the phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) paradigm within electronic medical records (EMRs), an unbiased approach to replication and discovery that interrogates relationships between targeted genotypes and multiple phenotypes. We scanned for [...]