Menée auprès de 74 029 patients (13 428 cas et 60 601 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par le virus de l'herpes zoster et le risque de cancers

The risk of a subsequent cancer diagnosis after herpes zoster infection: primary care database study

Cotton, S. J. ; Belcher, J. ; Rose, P. ; K Jagadeesan, S. ; Neal, R. D.

Background: Herpes zoster and cancer are associated with immunosuppression. Zoster occurs more often in patients with an established cancer diagnosis. Current evidence suggests some risk of cancer after zoster but is inconclusive. We aimed to assess the risk of cancer following zoster and the impact of prior zoster on cancer survival. Methods: A primary care database retrospective cohort study was undertaken. Subjects with zoster were matched to patients without zoster. Risk of cancer following [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature, cette analyse fait le point sur l'association entre divers agents infectieux et le risque de cancers de la tête et du cou

Role of infectious agents in the carcinogenesis of brain and head and neck cancers

Alibek, Kenneth ; Kakpenova, Ainur ; Baiken, Yeldar

This review concentrates on tumours that are anatomically localised in head and neck regions. Brain cancers and head and neck cancers together account for more than 873,000 cases annually worldwide, with an increasing incidence each year. With poor survival rates at late stages, brain and head and neck cancers represent serious conditions. Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process and the role of infectious agents in this progression has not been fully identified. A major problem with such [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (29 études cas-témoins), cette méta-analyse fait le point sur les différents facteurs de risque d'un cancer de l'estomac en Amérique latine

Risk factors for gastric cancer in Latin America: a meta-analysis

Bonequi, Patricia ; Meneses-González, Fernando ; Correa, Pelayo ; Rabkin, CharlesS ; Camargo, M. Constanza

Background : Latin America has among the highest gastric cancer incidence rates in the world, for reasons that are still unknown. In order to identify region-specific risk factors for gastric cancer, we conducted a meta-analysis summarizing published literature. Methods : Searches of PubMed and regional databases for relevant studies published up to December 2011 yielded a total of 29 independent case–control studies. We calculated summary odds ratios (OR) for risk factors reported in at least [...]

Menée auprès de 63 257 participants chinois, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre un diabète et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire

Diabetes mellitus and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study

Koh, W. P. ; Wang, R. ; Jin, A. ; Yu, M. C. ; Yuan, J. M.

Background:The increasing prevalence of diabetes may contribute to the rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the US and other developed countries where HCC incidence is relatively low. Data from prospective studies on diabetes and risk of HCC in at-risk populations due to high prevalence of viral hepatitis in southeast Asia are sparse. Methods:The Singapore Chinese Health Study is a prospective cohort of 63 257 middle-aged and older Chinese men and women enrolled in 1993–1998. [...]

A partir des données de 8 études cas-témoins, cette étude évalue les associations entre 203 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide situés sur la région chromosomique 9p21.3 et le risque de différents cancers

Common genetic variants in the 9p21 region and their associations with multiple tumours

Gu, F. ; Pfeiffer, R. M. ; Bhattacharjee, S. ; Han, S. S. ; Taylor, P. R. ; Berndt, S. ; Yang, H. ; Sigurdson, A. J. ; Toro, J. ; Mirabello, L. ; Greene, M. H. ; Freedman, N. D. ; Abnet, C. C. ; Dawsey, S. M. ; Hu, N. ; Qiao, Y. L. ; Ding, T. ; Brenner, A. V. ; Garcia-Closas, M. ; Hayes, R. ; Brinton, L. A. ; Lissowska, J. ; Wentzensen, N. ; Kratz, C. ; Moore, L. E. ; Ziegler, R. G. ; Chow, W. H. ; Savage, S. A. ; Burdette, L. ; Yeager, M. ; Chanock, S. J. ; Chatterjee, N. ; Tucker, M. A. ; Goldstein, A. M. ; Yang, X. R.

Background:The chromosome 9p21.3 region has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cancers. Methods:We systematically examined up to 203 tagging SNPs of 22 genes on 9p21.3 (19.9–32.8 Mb) in eight case–control studies: thyroid cancer, endometrial cancer (EC), renal cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer (CRC), colorectal adenoma (CA), oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma and osteosarcoma (OS). We used logistic regression to perform single SNP analyses for [...]

A partir des données d'un consortium américain (10 018 cas et 11 052 témoins), cette étude évalue la relation entre des polymorphismes de 4 gènes associés à l'expression de la vitamine D et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Genetic Variation in the Vitamin D Pathway in Relation to Risk of Prostate Cancer - Results from Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3)

Mondul, Alison M. ; Shui, Irene M ; Yu, Kai ; Travis, Ruth C. ; Stevens, Victoria L. ; Campa, Daniele ; Schumacher, Frederick ; Ziegler, Regina G. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; Berndt, Sonja I. ; Crawford, E David ; Gapstur, Susan M ; Gaziano, John Michael ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Haiman, Christopher ; Henderson, Brian E. ; Hunter, David J ; Johansson, Mattias ; Key, Timothy J. ; Le Marchand, Loic ; Lindström, Sara ; McCullough, Marjorie ; Navarro, Carmen ; Overvad, Kim ; Palli, Domenico ; Purdue, Mark P ; Stampfer, Meir J. ; Weinstein, Stephanie J ; Willett, Walter ; Yeager, Meredith ; Chanock, Stephen J ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Kolonel, Laurence N. ; Kraft, Peter ; Albanes, Demetrius

Background: Studies suggest that vitamin D status may be associated with prostate cancer risk, although the direction and strength of this association differs between experimental and observational studies. Genome-wide association studies have identified genetic variants associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status. We examined SNPs in four genes shown to predict circulating levels of 25(OH)D in relation to prostate cancer risk. Methods: SNP markers localized to each of four genes (GC, [...]

Menée sur 307 patientes de type caucasien atteintes d'un cancer du sein et de 396 témoins en bonne santé, cette étude évalue l'association entre sept polymorphismes à simple nucléotide des gènes OPG, RANK et RANKL et le risque de cancer du sein

Genetic polymorphism of the OPG gene associated with breast cancer

Ney, Jasmin ; Juhasz-Boess, Ingolf ; Gruenhage, Frank ; Graeber, Stefan ; Bohle, Rainer ; Pfreundschuh, Michael ; Solomayer, Erich ; Assmann, Gunter

BACKGROUND:The receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK), its ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) have been reported to play a role in the pathophysiological bone turnover and in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Based on this we investigated the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within RANK, RANKL and OPG and their possible association to breast cancer risk. METHODS:Genomic DNA was obtained from Caucasian participants consisting of 307 female breast cancer patients and 396 [...]

Menée sur 9 patients atteints de multiples méningiomes rachidiens ne présentant pas de mutations du gène NF2, cette étude identifie des mutations du gène SMARCE1 associées à la pathogenèse de la maladie

Loss-of-function mutations in SMARCE1 cause an inherited disorder of multiple spinal meningiomas

Smith, Miriam J. ; O'Sullivan, James ; Bhaskar, Sanjeev S. ; Hadfield, Kristen D. ; Poke, Gemma ; Caird, John ; Sharif, Saba ; Eccles, Diana ; Fitzpatrick, David ; Rawluk, Daniel ; du Plessis, Daniel ; Newman, William G. ; Evans, D. Gareth

One-third of all primary central nervous system tumors in adults are meningiomas. Rarely, meningiomas occur at multiple sites, usually occurring in individuals with type 2 neurofibromatosis (NF2). We sequenced the exomes of three unrelated individuals with familial multiple spinal meningiomas without NF2 mutations. We identified two individuals with heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex subunit gene SMARCE1. Sequencing of SMARCE1 in six further [...]

Menée au Texas (577 cas et 593 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'obésité, l'activité physique, la prise de poids, 190 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide de 22 gènes déjà identifiés et associés à la voie de signalisation mTOR, et le risque de carcinome à cellules rénales

Energy Balance, Polymorphisms in the mTOR Pathway, and Renal Cell Carcinoma Risk

Shu, Xiang ; Lin, Jie ; Wood, Christopher G. ; Tannir, Nizar M. ; Wu, Xifeng

Background : The interplay between obesity, physical activity, weight gain, and genetic variants in the mTOR pathway has not been studied in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We examined the associations between obesity, weight gain, physical activity, and RCC risk. We also analyzed whether genetic variants in the mTOR pathway could modify the association. Methods : Incident RCC case subjects and healthy control subjects were recruited from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de 196 patientes atteintes de cancer du sein et de 211 femmes sans histoire de cancer, cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre une sensibilité à la bléomycine, une exposition au tabagisme passif et le risque de cancer du sein

Bleomycin-induced mutagen sensitivity, passive smoking, and risk of breast cancer in Chinese women: a case–control study

Hu, Mingbai ; Han, Dingfen ; Sun, Shengron ; Yan, Yaqun ; Zhang, Jingwei ; Zhou, Yunfeng

Background : It is well recognized that genetic variation as well as environmental factors modulates breast cancer risk. Deficiencies in DNA repair capacity are thought to associate with breast cancer risk. The main aim of this study was to use the mutagen sensitivity assay as an indirect measure of DNA repair capacity to assess breast cancer risk and the relationship between passive smoking and breast cancer risk among women in China. Methods : We carried out a case–control study, involving [...]