A partir de données en population issues d'enquêtes réalisées au Canada, aux Etats-Unis et au Royaume-Uni sur la période 2006-2007, cette étude analyse, en fonction de l'âge et du sexe des participants, les taux d'arrêt du tabagisme

Dispelling myths about gender differences in smoking cessation: population data from the USA, Canada and Britain

Jarvis, Martin J ; Cohen, Joanna E ; Delnevo, Cristine D ; Giovino, Gary A

Objectives Based mainly on findings from clinical settings, it has been claimed that women are less likely than men to quit smoking successfully. If true, this would have important implications for tobacco control interventions. The authors aimed to test this possibility using data from general population surveys.Methods The authors used data from major national surveys conducted in 2006–2007 in the USA (Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey), Canada (Canadian Tobacco Use [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin de carcinome mammaire, cette étude analyse les effets de différents ratios en acides gras oméga 3 et oméga 6 d'origine alimentaire sur la signalisation cellulaire et identifie des voies moléculaires par lesquelles les acides gras oméga 3 peuvent inhiber la croissance tumorale

Identification of a Molecular Signature Underlying Inhibition of Mammary Carcinoma Growth by Dietary N-3 Fatty Acids

Jiang, Weiqin ; Zhu, Zongjian ; McGinley, John N. ; El-Bayoumy, Karam ; Manni, Andrea ; Thompson, Henry J.

An increased ratio of dietary n-3 relative to n-6 fatty acids has been shown to inhibit the development of mammary cancer in animal models. However, the molecular mechanisms by which n-3 fatty acids affect tumor growth remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of varying dietary ratios of n-3:n-6 fatty acids on cell signaling in a rat model of chemically-induced mammary carcinoma. Cell proliferation was reduced by 60% in carcinomas from the high n-3:n-6 treatment group compared with the [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin, cette étude montre que la pérétinoine, un rétinoïde acyclique, prévient la survenue d'une fibrose hépatique ou d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire en agissant sur la signalisation du facteur PDGF

Acyclic retinoid targets platelet-derived growth factor signaling in the prevention of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development

Okada, Hikari ; Honda, Masao ; Campbell, Jean S ; Sakai, Yoshio ; Yamashita, Taro ; Takebuchi, Yuuki ; Hada, Kazuhiro ; Shirasaki, Takayoshi ; Takabatake, Riuta ; Nakamura, Mikiko ; Sunakozaka, Hajime ; Tanaka, Takuji ; Fausto, Nelson ; Kaneko, Shuichi

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often develops in association with liver cirrhosis, and its high recurrence rate leads to poor patient prognosis. Although recent evidence suggests that peretinoin, a member of the acyclic retinoid family, may be an effective chemo-preventive drug for HCC, published data regarding its effects on hepatic mesenchymal cells, such as stellate cells and endothelial cells, remain limited. Using a mouse model in which PDGF-C is over expressed (Pdgf-c Tg), resulting in [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin, cette étude montre que le resvératrol, un polyphénol d'origine végétale, a un effet chimiopréventif sur la carcinogenèse du foie induite par la protéine X du virus de l'hépatite B et peut permettre de traiter une stéatose hépatique associée à cette même protéine

Resveratrol Helps Recovery from Fatty Liver and Protects against Hepatocellular Carcinoma Induced by Hepatitis B Virus X Protein in a Mouse Model

Lin, Hsiu-Ching ; Chen, Yi-Fan ; Hsu, Wen-Hsin ; Yang, Chu-Wen ; Kao, Cheng-Heng ; Tsai, Ting-Fen

Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol that has beneficial effects across species and various disease models. Here, we investigate whether RSV is effective against hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using HBV X protein (HBx) transgenic mice. We found that RSV (30 mg/kg/day) has a therapeutic effect on HBx-induced fatty liver and the early stages of liver damage. RSV decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species and transiently stimulated hepatocyte [...]

Cette étude en population américaine (205 cas et 390 témoins) évalue l'association entre la prise d'antioxydants (vitamines, beta-carotène, sélénium, lycopène) et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

Total and individual antioxidant intake and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer

Gifkins, Dina ; Olson, Sara ; Paddock, Lisa ; King, Melony ; Demissie, Kitaw ; Lu, Shou-En ; Kong, Ah-Ng ; Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Lorna ; Bandera, Elisa

BACKGROUND:Limiting oxidative stress to the ovarian epithelium has been proposed as a first-line defense against ovarian cancer. Although evidence for an association between individual dietary antioxidant intake and ovarian cancer risk is conflicting, the combined evidence suggests a modest inverse association. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and individual antioxidant intakes (vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, selenium, lutein, and [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires de cancer du poumon non à petites cellules, cette étude montre qu'un mélange d'anthocyanidines provenant de baies inhibe la croissance tumorale et le processus invasif

Berry anthocyanidins synergistically suppresses growth and invasive potential of human non-small-cell lung cancer cells

Kausar, Hina ; Jeyabalan, Jeyaprakash ; Aqil, Farrukh ; Chabba, Deepika ; Sidana, Jasmeen ; Singh, Inder P. ; Gupta, Ramesh C.

Berry anthocyanidins (cyanidin, malvidin, peonidin, petunidin and delphinidin) have increasingly been explored for their anticancer effects; however their combinatorial effects as a mixture, as present in blueberry, bilberry and Indian blackberry (‘Jamun’) remain untested. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that the combination of sub-optimal concentrations of equimolar anthocyanidins synergistically inhibited growth of two aggressive non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines, with [...]

A partir d'enquêtes auprès de 598 participants, cette étude américaine identifie, en fonction de leurs caractéristiques socio-démographiques, morphologiques, médicales et de données liées aux technologies, leurs préférences vis-à-vis des modalités d'intervention d'un service automatisé délivrant des messages vocaux ou textuels destinés à rappeler les facteurs comportementaux associés au risque de cancer

Electronic reminders for cancer prevention: Factors associated with preference for automated voice reminders or text messages

Greaney, Mary L. ; Puleo, Elaine ; Sprunck-Harrild, Kim ; Bennett, Gary G. ; Cunningham, K. Moira A. ; Gillman, Matthew W. ; Coeling, Molly ; Emmons, Karen M.

Objective : Prompting may promote engagement with behavior change interventions. Prompts can be delivered inexpensively via automated voice response (AVR) reminders or short message service (SMS) text messages. We examined the association between participants' characteristics and preferred reminder modality. Methods : Healthy Directions 2 is a cluster randomized controlled trial implemented in Boston, Massachusetts to promote change in multiple behavioral cancer risk factors. At baseline [...]