A rare FGF5 candidate variant (rs112475347) for predisposition to non-squamous, non-small-cell lung cancer

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données de séquençage portant sur des cousins atteints d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules non épidermoïde à haut risque de récidive et menée à l'aide de données des registres américains des cancers puis validée à partir de données de la "UK Biobank", cette étude identifie un variant rare de FGF5 associé au risque de développer la maladie

Résumé en anglais

A unique approach with rare resources was used to identify candidate variants predisposing to familial non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancers (NSNSCLC). We analyzed sequence data from NSNSCLC-affected cousin pairs belonging to high-risk lung cancer pedigrees identified in a genealogy of Utah linked to statewide cancer records to identify rare, shared candidate predisposition variants. Variants were tested for association with lung cancer risk in UKBiobank. Evidence for linkage with lung cancer was also reviewed in families from the Genetic Epidemiology of Lung Cancer Consortium. Protein prediction modeling compared the mutation with reference. We sequenced NSNSCLC-affected cousin pairs from 8 high-risk lung cancer pedigrees and identified 66 rare candidate variants shared in the cousin pairs. One variant in the FGF5 gene also showed significant association with lung cancer in UKBiobank. This variant was observed in 3/163 additional sampled Utah lung cancer cases, 2 of whom were related in another independent pedigree. Modeling of the predicted protein predicted a second binding site for SO4 that may indicate binding differences. This unique study identified multiple candidate predisposition variants for NSNSCLC, including a rare variant in FGF5 that was significantly associated with lung cancer risk and that segregated with lung cancer in the two pedigrees in which it was observed. FGF5 is an oncogenic factor in several human cancers, and the mutation found here (W81C) changes the binding ability of heparan sulfate to FGF5, which might lead to its deregulation. These results support FGF5 as a potential NSNSCLC predisposition gene and present additional candidate predisposition variants.