Menée auprès de 1 716 Coréens ayant réalisé une coloscopie de dépistage entre mai et décembre 2011, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'apport total en fibres alimentaires et le risque d'adénome colorectal (558 cas)

Association between Dietary Fiber Intake and Colorectal Adenoma

Kim, Hyojin ; Youn, Jiyoung ; Yang, Sun Young ; Song, Ji Hyun ; Kim, Young Sun ; Lee, Jung Eun

Dietary fiber intake has been suggested to decrease the risks of colorectal cancer (CRC) and adenoma. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between total dietary fiber intake and colorectal adenoma among asymptomatic Korean adults. Individuals who received a screening colonoscopy between May and December of 2011 were recruited. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression was used to assess the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of colorectal adenoma. 558 [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en janvier 2022 (12 essais randomisés), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une supplémentation en vitamine D et l'incidence des cancers

Vitamin D supplementation and total cancer incidence and mortality by daily vs. infrequent large-bolus dosing strategies: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Keum, N. ; Chen, Q. Y. ; Lee, D. H. ; Manson, J. E. ; Giovannucci, E.

Background: Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation may vary by dosing strategies and adiposity. To address such heterogeneity, we performed a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation and total cancer outcomes. Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched through January 2022. Summary relative risk (SRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using the DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model. Results: For total cancer incidence (12 trials), the SRR for [...]

Cette étude passe en revue les connaissances concernant l'association entre une utilisation de contraceptifs et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire, en particulier chez les femmes présentant une mutation de BRCA1 ou BRCA2

Beyond the pill: contraception and the prevention of hereditary ovarian cancer

Xia, Yue Yin ; Kotsopoulos, Joanne

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers face an elevated lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer. Oral contraceptives have been shown to significantly decrease the risk of ovarian cancer by approximately 50% in this high-risk population. Changes in contraceptive formulations and patterns of use over time have introduced lower hormonal dosages, different steroid types and non-oral routes of administration. Specifically, there has been a considerable shift in patterns of contraceptive use and the [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une chromatographie en phase liquide couplée à la spectroscopie de masse et d'échantillons plasmatiques collectés entre 1994 et 2001 auprès de 523 participants inclus dans un essai randomisé, cette étude analyse le mécanisme métabolomique associé à l'effet de l'aspirine dans la chimioprévention du cancer colorectal

Plasma Metabolomics Analysis of Aspirin Treatment and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas

Barry, Elizabeth L. ; Fedirko, Veronika ; Jin, Yutong ; Liu, Ken ; Mott, Leila A. ; Peacock, Janet L. ; Passarelli, Michael N. ; Baron, John A. ; Jones, Dean P.

Despite substantial observational and experimental evidence that aspirin use can provide protection against the development of colorectal neoplasia, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved is inadequate and limits our ability to use this drug effectively and safely for chemoprevention. We employed an untargeted plasma metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectroscopy to explore novel metabolites that may contribute to the chemopreventive [...]

Mené entre 2016 et 2020 sur 282 femmes à haut risque de cancer du sein (âge moyen : 57 ans), cet essai randomisé évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de l'adhésion à un traitement chimiopréventif à 6 mois, d'un outil en ligne d'aide à la décision mis à disposition des professionnels de santé

Patient and Provider Web-Based Decision Support for Breast Cancer Chemoprevention: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Crew, Katherine D. ; Bhatkhande, Gauri ; Silverman, Thomas ; Amenta, Jacquelyn ; Jones, Tarsha ; McGuinness, Julia E. ; Mata, Jennie ; Guzman, Ashlee ; He, Ting ; Dimond, Jill ; Tsai, Wei-Yann ; Kukafka, Rita

Significant under-utilization of breast cancer chemoprevention remains, despite guidelines stating that physicians should recommend chemoprevention with anti-estrogen therapy to high-risk women. We randomized women, age 35-75 years, who met high-risk criteria for breast cancer, without a personal history of breast cancer or prior chemoprevention use, to standard educational materials alone or combined with a web-based decision aid. All healthcare providers, including primary care providers and [...]

Menée en Belgique à l'aide d'échantillons cytologiques, cette étude analyse l'effet, sur la prévalence du HPV 16/18, d'autres types de HPV à haut risque et des lésions précancéreuses, du programme national de vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain (HPV) en milieu scolaire

Evolution of human papilloma virus prevalence in a highly vaccinated region in Belgium: a retrospective cohort study in Flemish women (2010–2019)

Huyghe, Evelyne ; Abrams, Steven ; Bogers, John-Paul ; Verhoeven, Veronique ; Benoy, Ina

Objective: In order to lower the incidence of cervical cancer, vaccines against high-risk types of the human papilloma virus (hrHPV) were approved and brought on the market in 2007, with a partial reimbursement for Belgian citizens younger than 18 years old. Since 2010, a school-based vaccination program ensures a high vaccination coverage in young women. In this study, the impact of the Belgian vaccination program on the prevalence of HPV 16/18 is studied, together with the evolution of the [...]

Menée à Taïwan sur la période 2012-2016 auprès de 5 106 fumeurs, cette étude analyse l'association entre la durée de prescription de la varénicline, le nombre de consultations anti-tabac et l'efficacité du sevrage tabagique

Duration of varenicline prescription and efficacy of smoking cessation treatment: an observational study in Taiwan

Wen, Yu-Wen ; Wang, I. Ting ; Hu, Yan-Tzu ; Cheng, Hao-Min ; Cheng, Kai-Wen ; Shiu, Ming-Neng ; Tsai, Yi-Wen

Although varenicline has had a significant effect on smoking cessation in randomized clinical trials, the dose-effect of varenicline treatment for smoking cessation in real-world settings remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the duration of varenicline prescription and smoking cessation in Taiwan after adjusting for potential confounding effects and endogeneity bias. A total of 5106 Taiwanese participants received varenicline monotherapy for smoking cessation [...]