Menée à l'aide d'une méthode de randomisation mendélienne et des données d'une étude d'association sur le génome entier portant sur 122 977 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein, 52 775 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal et sur 151 914 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre le tabagisme et le risque de développer ces maladies

Causal effects of lifetime smoking on breast and colorectal cancer risk: Mendelian randomization study

Dimou, Niki ; Yarmolinsky, James ; Bouras, Emmanouil ; Tsilidis, Konstantinos K ; Martin, Richard M. ; Lewis, Sarah J. ; Gram, Inger T. ; Bakker, Marije F. ; Brenner, Hermann ; Figueiredo, Jane C. ; Fortner, Renée Turzanski ; Gruber, Stephen B. ; Van Guelpen, Bethany ; Hsu, Li ; Kaaks, Rudolf ; Kweon, Sun-Seog ; Lin, Yi ; Lindor, Noralane M. ; Newcomb, Polly A. ; Sánchez-Pérez, Maria-José ; Severi, Gianluca ; Tindle, Hilary A ; Tumino, Rosario ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Murphy, Neil

Background: Observational evidence has shown that smoking is a risk factor for breast and colorectal cancer. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine causal associations between smoking and risks of breast and colorectal cancer. Methods: Genome-wide association study summary data were used to identify genetic variants associated with lifetime amount of smoking (n=126 variants) and ever having smoked regularly (n=112 variants). Using two-sample MR, we examined these variants in relation [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données des cohortes "the New England Case-Control Study" et "the Nurses' Health Studies" portant sur 3 803 patientes atteintes d'un cancer de l'ovaire et sur des témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'utilisation d'un dispositif intra-utérin (type, durée et moment d'utilisation) et le risque de développer la maladie

Intrauterine device use and risk of ovarian cancer: results from the New England Case-Control study and Nurses’ Health Studies

Yang, Jiaxi ; Sasamoto, Naoko ; Babic, Ana ; Vitonis, Allison F. ; Townsend, Mary K. ; Titus, Linda ; Cramer, Daniel W. ; Tworoger, Shelley S. ; Terry, Kathryn L.

Results of studies assessing intrauterine device (IUD) use and ovarian cancer risk are inconsistent. We examined the association between IUD use, including duration, type, and timing of use, and ovarian cancer risk using three population-based studies. Data from the New England Case-Control Study (NEC) and two prospective cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS/NHSII), were included in the analysis. Information on IUD use was collected by in-person interview in NEC and by biennial [...]

Menée en Finlande à partir de données de l'Assurance maladie et menée auprès de 78 615 hommes (durée médiane de suivi : 17 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre une utilisation de médicaments anti-épileptiques et le risque de cancer de la prostate (9 261 cas)

Antiepileptic drugs and prostate cancer risk in the Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer

Salminen, Jukka K. ; Kuoppamäki, Viivu ; Talala, Kirsi ; Taari, Kimmo ; Mäkinen, Jussi ; Peltola, Jukka ; Tammela, Teuvo L.J. ; Auvinen, Anssi ; Murtola, Teemu J.

Antiepileptic drugs (AED) with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor properties decrease prostate cancer (PCa) cell proliferation in vitro. A population-based cohort of 78 615 men was used to evaluate the risk of prostate cancer among users of AEDs. Study population was linked to the Finnish national prescription database to obtain information on individual medication reimbursements in 1996-2015. Cox regression with antiepileptic medication use as a time-dependent variable was used to analyze [...]

Menée à partir de données de la UK Biobank portant sur 346 297 participants (durée médiane de suivi : 5,8 ans), cette étude analyse l'influence de facteurs modifiables du mode de vie sur les facteurs génétiques du risque de cancer colorectal (2 066 cas)

Healthy lifestyles, genetic modifiers, and colorectal cancer risk: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank

Choi, Jungyoon ; Jia, Guochong ; Wen, Wanqing ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Zheng, Wei

Both genetic and lifestyle factors play an etiologic role in colorectal cancer (CRC).We evaluated potential gene–environment interactions in CRC risk.We used data from 346,297 participants in the UK Biobank cohort. Healthy lifestyle scores (HLSs) were constructed using 8 lifestyle factors, primarily according to the American Cancer Society guidelines, and were categorized into unhealthy, intermediate, and healthy groups. A polygenic risk score (PRS) was created using 95 genetic risk variants [...]