Menée au Japon à partir de questionnaires auprès de 14 233 hommes et 16 584 femmes âgés de 35 ans ou plus (durée médiane de suivi : 13,6 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation d'isoflavones de soja et le risque de cancer de la vessie (161 cas)

Soy isoflavone intake and bladder cancer risk in Japan: From the Takayama study

Wada, Keiko ; Tsuji, Michiko ; Tamura, Takashi ; Konishi, Kie ; Goto, Yuko ; Mizuta, Fumi ; Koda, Sachi ; Uji, Takahiro ; Hori, Akihiro ; Tanabashi, Shinobu ; Matsushita, Shogen ; Tokimitsu, Naoki ; Nagata, Chisato

Background : There is growing evidence suggesting that soy isoflavones play a protective role in the development of cancer. However, few epidemiological studies have investigated the association between soy isoflavone intake and bladder cancer. Methods: We evaluated the associations of soy and isoflavone intakes with bladder cancer incidence in a population-based prospective study in Japan. Subjects were 14,233 men and 16,584 women aged 35 years or older in September 1992. Soy and isoflavone [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir d'une enquête en ligne auprès de 1 766 jeunes fumeurs (âge : 16 à 34 ans), cette étude analyse leurs perceptions vis-à-vis de trois types de cigarettes (standard, avec message d'avertissement, de couleur verte) puis des encarts sur les paquets encourageant le sevrage tabagique et incitant à ne pas fumer

Perceptions of cigarette pack inserts promoting cessation and dissuasive cigarettes among young adult smokers in the UK: a cross-sectional online survey

Moodie, Crawford S. ; Hiscock, Rosemary ; Thrasher, Jim ; Reid, Garth

Objectives : To explore young adult smokers’ perceptions of cigarette pack inserts promoting cessation and cigarettes designed to be dissuasive. Design Cross-sectional online survey. Setting UK. Participants : The final sample was 1766 young adult smokers, with 50.3% male and 71.6% white British. To meet the inclusion criteria, participants had to be 16–34 years old and smoke factory-made cigarettes. Primary and secondary outcome measures : Salience of inserts, perceptions of inserts as [...]

Mené aux Etats-Unis auprès de 1 250 fumeurs (âge moyen : 45 ans ; 549 femmes), cet essai évalue, du point de vue de la réduction du monoxyde de carbone exhalé et des niveaux urinaires de l'acide 3-hydroxypropylmercapturique et du phénanthrène-tétraol (trois indicateurs de l'exposition au tabagisme), l'intérêt de réduire immédiatement ou progressivement la quantité de nicotine dans les cigarettes

Effect of immediate vs gradual reduction in nicotine content of cigarettes on biomarkers of smoke exposure: A randomized clinical trial

Hatsukami, D. K. ; Luo, X. ; Jensen, J. A. ; et al.,

Importance : The optimal temporal approach for reducing nicotine to minimally or nonaddictive levels in all cigarettes sold in the United States has not been determined. Objectives : To determine the effects of immediate vs gradual reduction in nicotine content to very low levels and as compared with usual nicotine level cigarettes on biomarkers of toxicant exposure. Design, Setting, and Participants : A double-blind, randomized, parallel-design study with 2 weeks of baseline smoking and 20 [...]

Mené aux Etats-Unis sur 102 fumeurs, cet essai évalue, du point de vue du sevrage tabagique auto-rapporté puis vérifié biochimiquement, l'efficacité d'une application pour Smartphone permettant de suivre l'évolution du niveau de monoxyde de carbone exhalé et de délivrer des messages d'encouragement

COach2Quit: a pilot randomized controlled trial of a personal carbon monoxide monitor for smoking cessation

Krishnan, Nandita ; Elf, Jessica L. ; Chon, Sandy ; Golub, Jonathan E.

Introduction : Mobile phone messaging support and biomarker feedback independently show evidence of increasing an individual’s likelihood of quitting smoking. However, the combination of these two strategies to facilitate smoking cessation has not been adequately explored. Methods : We conducted a randomized controlled trial in Baltimore, Maryland to assess the efficacy of COach2Quit, a smartphone application that provides exhaled carbon monoxide readings with message support. The primary [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en janvier 2018 (9 essais incluant au total 1 188 fumeurs âgés de 12 à 20 ans), cette méta-analyse évalue l'efficacité de la pharmacothérapie pour aider les adolescents à arrêter de fumer

Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation in Adolescent Smokers: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Myung, Seung-Kwon ; Park, Joo-Young

Introduction : This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation among adolescent smokers by using a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods : PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from the inception to January 20, 2018. We included RCTs of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation among adolescent smokers aged less than 20 years. Data were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. The primary outcome measures were a smoking [...]