Mené au Japon auprès de 1 114 patients atteints de cancer et recevant une chimiothérapie hautement émétisante, cet essai de phase III compare l'efficacité du palonosétron et du granisétron dans la prévention des nausées et vomissements

Control of nausea with palonosetron versus granisetron, both combined with dexamethasone, in patients receiving cisplatin- or anthracycline plus cyclophosphamide-based regimens

Kubota, Kaoru ; Saito, Mitsue ; Aogi, Kenjiro ; Sekine, Ikuo ; Yoshizawa, Hirohisa ; Yanagita, Yasuhiro ; Sakai, Hiroshi ; Inoue, Kenichi ; Kitagawa, Chiyoe ; Ogura, Takashi

Purpose : In a comparative phase 3 study involving 1114 Japanese patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC), palonosetron (PALO) was found to be superior to granisetron (GRA) for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in the delayed phase. This post hoc analysis of the phase 3 study evaluated the efficacy of PALO for the control of nausea. Methods : The proportion of patients without nausea was assessed at 24-h intervals during the acute phase (0–24 h), [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature, cette étude analyse la pertinence, pour la pratique clinique, des recommandations relatives à la détection et la prise en charge de la fatigue chez les patients atteints de cancer

Cancer-related fatigue: appraising evidence-based guidelines for screening, assessment and management

Pearson, Elizabeth J. M. ; Morris, Meg E. ; McKinstry, Carol E.

Purpose : There is inconsistent management of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) by health professionals worldwide. This research aims to identify the most appropriate guidelines for the management of cancer-related fatigue. Methods : A systematic search of international literature identified evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for CRF. Four reviewers independently appraised the highest quality guidelines using the AGREE-II instrument and National Heath and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès des parents de 81 patients pédiatriques âgés de 3 à 12 ans et atteints d'une leucémie lymphoblastique aiguë, cette étude évalue les effets de la prednisone et de la dexaméthasone sur les troubles du sommeil

The impact of dexamethasone and prednisone on sleep in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Daniel, Lauren C. ; Li, Yimei ; Kloss, Jacqueline D. ; Reilly, Anne F. ; Barakat, Lamia P.

Purpose : Corticosteroids can affect sleep patterns, mood, and behavior. Two of the most commonly prescribed corticosteroids in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), dexamethasone and prednisone, may impact sleep differently, but no research has compared these medications in children. The current study tested the hypothesis that dexamethasone and prednisone differentially affect sleep in children with ALL to understand how these medications contribute to health-related quality of life (HRQL). [...]

Mené en Australie à partir de données portant sur 119 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate, cet essai randomisé analyse l'efficacité d'un programme d'entraînement de 12 semaines pour améliorer leur forme physique, qu'ils reçoivent ou non un traitement anti-androgénique

Fitness outcomes from a randomised controlled trial of exercise training for men with prostate cancer: the ENGAGE study

Gaskin, Cadeyrn J. ; Fraser, Steve F. ; Owen, Patrick J. ; Craike, Melinda ; Orellana, Liliana ; Livingston, Patricia M.

Purpose : The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week, clinician-referred, community-based exercise training program with supervised and unsupervised sessions for men with prostate cancer. The secondary purpose was to determine whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) modified responses to exercise training. Methods : Secondary analysis was undertaken on data from a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial in which 15 clinicians were randomly assigned to [...]

Menée en Australie par enquête auprès de 331 patients atteints d'un cancer localisé de la prostate, cette étude analyse les caractéristiques associées à leur détresse psychologique et à leurs besoins en soins de support, dans l'année suivant le diagnostic

Men's help-seeking in the first year after diagnosis of localised prostate cancer

Hyde, M. K. ; Newton, R. U. ; Galvão, D. A. ; Gardiner, R. A. ; Occhipinti, S. ; Lowe, A. ; Wittert, G. A. ; Chambers, S. K.

This study describes sources of support utilised by men with localised prostate cancer in the first year after diagnosis and examines characteristics associated with help-seeking for men with unmet needs. A cross-sectional survey of 331 patients from a population-based sample who were in the first year after diagnosis (M = 9.6, SD = 1.9) was conducted to assess sources of support, unmet supportive care needs, domain-specific quality of life and psychological distress. Overall, 82% of men [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de données portant sur 174 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein métastatique, cette étude analyse leurs symptômes et leur qualité de vie, en fonction de la localisation des métastases (osseuses, viscérales, cérébrales)

Quality of life and symptom burden in patients with metastatic breast cancer

Ecclestone, Christine ; Chow, Ronald ; Pulenzas, Natalie ; Zhang, Liying ; Leahey, Angela ; Hamer, Julia ; DeAngelis, Carlo ; Bedard, Gillian ; McDonald, Rachel ; Bhatia, Anchal ; Ellis, Janet ; Rakovitch, Eileen ; Vuong, Sherlyn ; Chow, Edward ; Verma, Sunil

Purpose : The goal of this study was to examine the symptom burden (SB) and quality of life (QOL) in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods : Breast cancer patients with metastases were asked to complete the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) and FACT-B questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed to identify (1) any differences in SB and QOL between patients with bone metastases only and patients with visceral +/− bone metastases and (2) any associations between SB and/or [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir des données de la cohorte "Million Women Study" incluant 1 278 783 participantes, cette étude évalue l'association entre une ligature des trompes et le risque de 26 types de cancers (durée moyenne de suivi : 13,8 ans, 167 430 cas)

Tubal ligation and incidence of 26 site-specific cancers in the Million Women Study

Gaitskell, Kezia ; Coffey, Kate ; Green, Jane ; Pirie, Kirstin ; Reeves, Gillian K. ; Ahmed, Ahmed A. ; Barnes, Isobel ; Beral, Valerie ; on behalf of the Million Women Study, Collaborators ; Million Women Study Advisory, Committee

Background: Tubal ligation is known to be associated with a reduction in ovarian cancer risk. Associations with breast, endometrial and cervical cancers have been suggested. We investigated associations for 26 site-specific cancers in a large UK cohort. Methods: Study participants completed a questionnaire on reproductive and lifestyle factors in 1996–2001, and were followed for cancer and death via national registries. Using Cox regression models, we estimated adjusted relative risks (RRs) for [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 453 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal de stade II, cette étude évalue les disparités ethniques dans l'association entre des changements d'alimentation après le diagnostic, la qualité de vie, le risque de récidive et la survie

Racial differences in dietary changes and quality of life after a colorectal cancer diagnosis: a follow-up of the Study of Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Survivors cohort

Lewis, Cari M ; Wolf, W Asher ; Xun, Pengcheng ; Sandler, Robert S ; He, Ka

Background: Substantial racial disparities exist in colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. Objective: This was an exploratory study to assess the racial differences in dietary changes in relation to quality of life (QoL), recurrence, and survival after a CRC diagnosis. Design: Four hundred fifty-three stage II CRC patients were enrolled in the cohort study through the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. Self-reported diet, physical activity, treatment, comorbidities, demographic characteristics, [...]

A partir des données de l'essai randomisé "Suppression of Ovarian Function" incluant 86 patientes ménopausées atteintes d'un cancer du sein, cette étude évalue les effets d'un traitement adjuvant de la suppression de la fonction ovarienne sur leurs fonctions cognitives

Adjuvant ovarian function suppression and cognitive function in women with breast cancer

Phillips, Kelly-Anne ; Regan, Meredith M. ; Ribi, Karin ; Francis, Prudence A. ; Puglisi, Fabio ; Bellet, Meritxell ; Spazzapan, Simon ; Karlsson, Per ; Budman, Daniel R. ; Zaman, Khalil ; Abdi, Ehtesham A. ; Domchek, Susan M. ; Feng, Yang ; Price, Karen N. ; Coates, Alan S. ; Gelber, Richard D. ; Maruff, Paul ; Boyle, Frances ; Forbes, John F. ; Ahles, Tim ; Fleming, Gini F. ; Bernhard, Jürg

Background: To examine the effect on cognitive function of adjuvant ovarian function suppression (OFS) for breast cancer. Methods: The Suppression of Ovarian Function (SOFT) trial randomised premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer to 5 years adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen+OFS, exemestane+OFS or tamoxifen alone. The Co-SOFT substudy assessed objective cognitive function and patient reported outcomes at randomisation (T0), and 1 year later (T1); the primary [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis auprès de 198 patients atteints d'un cancer de l'oropharynx et auprès de leur partenaire sexuel, cette étude prospective analyse le risque de transmission orale d'une infection par le papillomavirus humain

Concordance of oral HPV prevalence between patients with oropharyngeal cancer and their partners

Tsao, Anne S. ; Papadimitrakopoulou, Vassiliki ; Lin, Heather ; Guo, Ming ; Lee, J. Jack ; Holsinger, F. Christopher ; Hong, Waun Ki ; Sturgis, Erich M.

Background : Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a known causative factor in oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer (OPC). In this prospective study, we sought to define the risk of HPV transmission between OPC patients and their sexual partners by performing HPV genotyping on oral cytology brushings. Methods : Newly diagnosed OPC patients and their sexual partners underwent oral mouth swabs and answered a risk factor questionnaire. Patient tumor samples and oral swabs from both the patient and partner [...]

Menée en Suède à partir de données portant sur 304 118 cas et 3 041 174 témoins sur la période 2001-2010, cette étude de cohorte analyse les risques de troubles psychiques 2 ans avant un diagnostic de cancer et jusqu'à 10 ans plus tard

Clinical diagnosis of mental disorders immediately before and after cancer diagnosis: A nationwide matched cohort study in sweden

Lu, D. ; Andersson, T. L. ; Fall, K. ; et al.,

Importance : Psychiatric comorbidities are common among patients with cancer. However, whether or not there is increased risk of mental disorders during the diagnostic workup leading to a cancer diagnosis was unknown.Objective  To examine the relative risks of depression, anxiety, substance abuse, somatoform/conversion disorder, and stress reaction/adjustment disorder during the periods before and after cancer diagnosis compared with individuals without cancer. Design, Setting, and [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 5 055 patients atteints de cancer, cette étude analyse les effets de leurs symptômes de dépression sur leur recours à des services et des soins de santé, et évalue les coûts associés

Depression and healthcare service utilization in patients with cancer

Mausbach, Brent T. ; Irwin, Scott A.

Objective : It is estimated that as many as 38% of cancer patients suffer from depression, which may have distal impacts on cancer care, including clinical outcomes, health care utilization, and cost of care. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of depression on overall healthcare utilization among patients with cancer. Methods : A retrospective analysis of administrative data was conducted on 5055 patients with an ICD-9 diagnosis of cancer from a single large healthcare [...]

Menée en Espagne par entretiens auprès de 50 aidants familiaux de patients atteints de cancer et en soins palliatifs, cette étude analyse leurs symptômes d'anxiété et leurs statégies pour faire face à la maladie de leurs proches

Coping strategies and anxiety in caregivers of palliative cancer patients

Perez-Ordóñez, F. ; Frías-Osuna, A. ; Romero-Rodríguez, Y. ; del-Pino-Casado, R.

The study purpose was to determine the relationship between coping strategies and anxiety in primary family caregivers of palliative cancer patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a Pain and Palliative Care Unit in Spain. Data were collected through interviews from fifty primary family caregivers of palliative cancer patients. Main research variables were: (1) dependent variable: anxiety (subscale of anxiety from Goldberg's scale); (2) independent variable: coping (Brief COPE); (3) [...]

A partir des données des registres américains des cancers et de la base Medicare portant sur 1 785 patients ayant survécu à un cancer colorectal (âge médian : 77 ans), cette étude analyse les facteurs associés à des symptômes dépressifs

Depressive symptoms in older long-term colorectal cancer survivors: a population-based analysis using the SEER-Medicare healthcare outcomes survey

Clark, Clancy J. ; Fino, Nora F. ; Liang, Jia Hao ; Hiller, David ; Bohl, Jaime

Purpose : Colorectal cancer survivorship has improved significantly over the last 20 years; however, few studies have evaluated depression among older colorectal cancer survivors, especially using a population-based sample. The aim of this study was to identify correlates for positive depression screen among colorectal cancer survivors who underwent potentially curative surgery. Methods : Using the 1998–2007 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Result registry and the Medicare Health Outcome [...]

Mené en Australie auprès de 59 patients atteints d'un cancer de la tête et du cou, cet essai évalue l'efficacité d'une intervention de nature psychosociale destinée à améliorer leur statut nutritionnel pendant la radiothérapie

Heads Up: a pilot trial of a psychological intervention to improve nutrition in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy

Britton, B. ; Baker, A. ; Clover, K. ; McElduff, P. ; Wratten, C. ; Carter, G.

Malnutrition in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients is common and associated with poorer radiotherapy outcomes including increased mortality. This pilot trial investigates the feasibility and effectiveness of a psychological intervention to improve nutritional status, depression and mortality in HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy. Fifty-nine intervention patients received motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioural therapy compared to 70 historical controls who received treatment as [...]

A partir des données de deux cohortes australiennes incluant 7 343 patients décédés (4 271 décès par cancer, 3 072 décès par autres causes), cette étude analyse l'utilisation des services de santé, et les coûts associés, dans les 6 dernier mois de leur vie

Health service use and costs in the last 6 months of life in elderly decedents with a history of cancer: a comprehensive analysis from a health payer perspective

Langton, Julia M. ; Reeve, Rebecca ; Srasuebkul, Preeyaporn ; Haas, Marion ; Viney, Rosalie ; Currow, David ; Pearson, Sallie-Anne

Background: There is growing interest in end-of-life care in cancer patients. We aim to characterise health service use and costs in decedents with cancer history and examine factors associated with resource use and costs at life’s end. Methods: We used routinely collected claims data to quantify health service use and associated costs in two cohorts of elderly Australians diagnosed with cancer: one cohort died from cancer (n=4271) and the other from non-cancer causes (n=3072). We used negative [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 2000 et 2015 (33 études), cette étude analyse les expériences de soignants de patients atteints de cancer souffrant de délire, puis évalue leur rôle et leurs besoins dans la prise en charge du patient dans les soins palliatifs

The experiences of caregivers of patients with delirium, and their role in its management in palliative care settings: an integrative literature review

Finucane, Anne M. ; Lugton, Jean ; Kennedy, Catriona ; Spiller, Juliet A.

Objectives : To explore the experiences of caregivers of terminally ill patients with delirium, to determine the potential role of caregivers in the management of delirium at the end of life, to identify the support required to improve caregiver experience and to help the caregiver support the patient. Methods : Four electronic databases were searched—PsychInfo, Medline, Cinahl and Scopus from January 2000 to July 2015 using the terms ‘delirium’, ‘terminal restlessness’ or ‘agitated [...]

Cette étude passe en revue les enjeux éthiques et juridiques liés à l'utilisation de grandes bases de données médicales dans les recherches en santé

Comparative effectiveness research and big data: balancing potential with legal and ethical considerations

Elizabeth Alexandra Gray, ; Jane Hyatt Thorpe

Big data holds big potential for comparative effectiveness research. The ability to quickly synthesize and use vast amounts of health data to compare medical interventions across settings of care, patient populations, payers and time will greatly inform efforts to improve quality, reduce costs and deliver more patient-centered care. However, the use of big data raises significant legal and ethical issues that may present barriers or limitations to the full potential of big data. This paper [...]