Menée en Chine auprès de 3 083 participantes salariées de l'industrie textile, cette étude cas-cohorte évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle aux endotoxines et le risque de cancer du poumon en prenant en compte le biais causé par le concept statistique de "troncature à gauche"

Evidence of a paradoxical relationship between endotoxin and lung cancer after accounting for left truncation in a study of Chinese female textile workers

Applebaum, Katie M ; Ray, Roberta M ; Astrakianakis, George ; Gao, Dao Li ; Thomas, David B ; Christiani, David C ; LaValley, Michael P ; Li, Wenjin ; Checkoway, Harvey ; Eisen, Ellen A

Introduction Occupational exposure to endotoxin, found in Gram-negative bacteria in organic material, has been associated predominantly with a reduced risk of lung cancer among workers. An inverse exposure–response gradient among women textile workers in Shanghai, China, has been reported previously. In this case–cohort study, we investigated the influence of left truncation, which can itself induce a downward trend, on the observed association. Methods Subjects were enrolled between 1989 and [...]

Menée au Canada de 1991 à 1994 auprès de 316 cas et de 1 506 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à divers pesticides et le risque de lymphome hodgkinien chez les hommes

Exposures to multiple pesticides and the risk of Hodgkin lymphoma in Canadian men

Navaranjan, Garthika ; Hohenadel, Karin ; Blair, Aaron ; Demers, PaulA ; Spinelli, JohnJ ; Pahwa, Punam ; McLaughlin, JohnR ; Dosman, JamesA ; Ritter, Len ; Harris, ShelleyA

Purpose : To determine the risk of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) associated with exposures to multiple pesticides grouped by various classes, including carcinogenic classifications. Methods : Data collected in the Cross-Canada Study of Pesticides and Health, a population-based incident case–control study in six provinces conducted between 1991 and 1994, were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression. Cases (n = 316) were identified through provincial cancer registries and hospital records. [...]

Cette étude évalue l'association entre des facteurs géographiques et écologiques, tels que des expositions au radon, à l'arsenic, aux rayonnements UV solaires, et le risque de cancer de la peau hors mélanome, en Angleterre

Geography of non-melanoma skin cancer and ecological associations with environmental risk factors in England

Wheeler, B. W. ; Kothencz, G. ; Pollard, A. S.

Background: This study investigates the geography of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in England, and ecological associations with three widespread environmental hazards: radon, arsenic and ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Methods: Age-/sex-standardised registration rates of NMSC were mapped for local authority (LA) areas (n=326), along with geographical data on bright sunshine, household radon and arsenic. Associations between NMSC and environmental variables, adjusted for socio-economic [...]

Menée en population chilienne auprès de 122 cas et de 640 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation d'eau potable contenant de l'arsenic et le risque de cancer du rein, sur la période 2007-2010

Case-Control Study of Arsenic in Drinking Water and Kidney Cancer in Uniquely Exposed Northern Chile

Ferreccio, Catterina ; Smith, Allan H. ; Durán, Viviana ; Barlaro, Teresa ; Benítez, Hugo ; Valdés, Rodrigo ; Aguirre, Juan José ; Moore, Lee E. ; Acevedo, Johanna ; Vásquez, María Isabel ; Pérez, Liliana ; Yuan, Yan ; Liaw, Jane ; Cantor, Kenneth P. ; Steinmaus, Craig

Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic in drinking water. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has concluded that ingested arsenic causes lung, bladder, and skin cancer. However, a similar conclusion was not made for kidney cancer because of a lack of research with individual data on exposure and dose-response. With its unusual geology, high exposures, and good information on past arsenic water concentrations, northern Chile is one of the best places in the world to [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte "NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study" incluant 192 076 femmes ménopausées âgées de 50 à 71 ans, cette étude analyse les facteurs de risque de cinq types histologiques de cancer du sein

Risk Factors for Specific Histopathological Types of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

Nyante, Sarah J. ; Dallal, Cher M. ; Gierach, Gretchen L. ; Park, Yikyung ; Hollenbeck, Albert R. ; Brinton, Louise A.

Risk factor associations for rare breast cancer variants are often imprecise, obscuring differences between tumor types. To clarify differences, we examined risk factors for 5 histological types of breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study. Risk factor information was self-reported. We followed 192,076 postmenopausal women aged 50–71 years from 1995–1996 through 2006. During that time period, 5,334 ductal, 836 lobular, 639 mixed ductal-lobular, 216 mucinous, [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir des données du registre des receveurs d'organes et de 14 registres des cancers, cette étude analyse l'association entre une greffe d'organe et le risque subséquent de lymphome, par sous-type histologique

Risk of lymphoma subtypes after solid organ transplantation in the United States

Clarke, C. A. ; Morton, L. M. ; Lynch, C. ; Pfeiffer, R. M. ; Hall, E. C. ; Gibson, T. M. ; Weisenburger, D. D. ; Martinez-Maza, O. ; Hussain, S. K. ; Yang, J. ; Chang, E. T. ; Engels, E. A.

Background: Solid organ transplant recipients have high risk of lymphomas, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). A gap in our understanding of post-transplant lymphomas involves the spectrum and associated risks of their many histologic subtypes. Methods: We linked nationwide data on solid organ transplants from the US Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (1987–2008) to 14 state and regional cancer registries, yielding 791 281 person-years of follow-up for 19 [...]

A partir des données d'un registre américain des cancers portant sur 4 482 cas de cancer pédiatrique sur la période 1966-2009, cette étude analyse le risque familial de cancer, selon le degré de parenté, de parents et proches d'un enfant atteint de cancer et évalue les implications pratiques dans les consultations génétiques

Familial risk of childhood cancer and tumors in the li-fraumeni spectrum in the utah population database: Implications for genetic evaluation in pediatric practice

Curtin, Karen ; Smith, Ken R. ; Fraser, Alison ; Pimentel, Richard ; Kohlmann, Wendy ; Schiffman, Joshua D.

We used the Utah Population Database to examine risk of cancer in relatives of 4,482 pediatric cancer cases (≤18 years old) diagnosed from 1966 to 2009 compared to matched population controls. We quantified cancer risk in relatives of children with cancer to determine evidence of familial aggregation and to inform risk assessment and counseling for families. Odds ratios that reflect risk were obtained using conditional logistic regression models adjusting for number of biological relatives, [...]

A partir de données issues de 4 études d'association sur le génome entier portant sur un total de 3 100 patients atteints d'une leucémie lymphocytaire chronique et sur 7 667 témoins, cette méta-analyse identifie 10 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide en association avec la maladie

Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Berndt, Sonja I. ; Skibola, Christine F. ; Joseph, Vijai ; Camp, Nicola J. ; Nieters, Alexandra ; Wang, Zhaoming ; Cozen, Wendy ; Monnereau, Alain ; Wang, Sophia S. ; Kelly, Rachel S. ; Lan, Qing ; Teras, Lauren R. ; Chatterjee, Nilanjan ; Chung, Charles C. ; Yeager, Meredith ; Brooks-Wilson, Angela R. ; Hartge, Patricia ; Purdue, Mark P. ; Birmann, Brenda M. ; Armstrong, Bruce K. ; Cocco, Pierluigi ; Zhang, Yawei ; Severi, Gianluca ; Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne ; Lawrence, Charles ; Burdette, Laurie ; Yuenger, Jeffrey ; Hutchinson, Amy ; Jacobs, Kevin B. ; Call, Timothy G. ; Shanafelt, Tait D. ; Novak, Anne J. ; Kay, Neil E. ; Liebow, Mark ; Wang, Alice H. ; Smedby, Karin E. ; Adami, Hans-Olov ; Melbye, Mads ; Glimelius, Bengt ; Chang, Ellen T. ; Glenn, Martha ; Curtin, Karen ; Cannon-Albright, Lisa A. ; Jones, Brandt ; Diver, W. Ryan ; Link, Brian K. ; Weiner, George J. ; Conde, Lucia ; Bracci, Paige M. ; Riby, Jacques ; Holly, Elizabeth A. ; Smith, Martyn T. ; Jackson, Rebecca D. ; Tinker, Lesley F. ; Benavente, Yolanda ; Becker, Nikolaus ; Boffetta, Paolo ; Brennan, Paul ; Foretova, Lenka ; Maynadie, Marc ; McKay, James ; Staines, Anthony ; Rabe, Kari G. ; Achenbach, Sara J. ; Vachon, Celine M. ; Goldin, Lynn R. ; Strom, Sara S. ; Lanasa, Mark C. ; Spector, Logan G. ; Leis, Jose F. ; Cunningham, Julie M. ; Weinberg, J. Brice ; Morrison, Vicki A. ; Caporaso, Neil E. ; Norman, Aaron D. ; Linet, Martha S. ; De Roos, Anneclaire J. ; Morton, Lindsay M. ; Severson, Richard K. ; Riboli, Elio ; Vineis, Paolo ; Kaaks, Rudolph ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Masala, Giovanna ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Chirlaque, María-Dolores ; Vermeulen, Roel C. H. ; Travis, Ruth C. ; Giles, Graham G. ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Virtamo, Jarmo ; Weinstein, Stephanie ; Clavel, Jacqueline ; Zheng, Tongzhang ; Holford, Theodore R. ; Offit, Kenneth ; Zelenetz, Andrew ; Klein, Robert J. ; Spinelli, John J. ; Bertrand, Kimberly A. ; Laden, Francine ; Giovannucci, Edward ; Kraft, Peter ; Kricker, Anne ; Turner, Jenny ; Vajdic, Claire M. ; Ennas, Maria Grazia ; Ferri, Giovanni M. ; Miligi, Lucia ; Liang, Liming ; Sampson, Joshua ; Crouch, Simon ; Park, Ju-Hyun ; North, Kari E. ; Cox, Angela ; Snowden, John A. ; Wright, Josh ; Carracedo, Angel ; López-Otín, Carlos ; Bea, Silvia ; Salaverria, Itziar ; Martin-Garcia, David ; Campo, Elias ; Fraumeni, Joseph F. ; de Sanjose, Silvia ; Hjalgrim, Henrik ; Cerhan, James R. ; Chanock, Stephen J. ; Rothman, Nathaniel ; Slager, Susan L.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have previously identified 13 loci associated with risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL). To identify additional CLL susceptibility loci, we conducted the largest meta-analysis for CLL thus far, including four GWAS with a total of 3,100 individuals with CLL (cases) and 7,667 controls. In the meta-analysis, we identified ten independent associated SNPs in nine new loci at 10q23.31 (ACTA2 or FAS (ACTA2/FAS), P = 1.22 × [...]

Couplée à la cohorte "Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study" et incluant 193 cas et 660 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre la longueur des télomères et le risque de cancer du pancréas

A prospective analysis of telomere length and pancreatic cancer in the alpha-tocopherol beta-carotene cancer (ATBC) prevention study

Lynch, Shannon M. ; Major, Jacqueline M. ; Cawthon, Richard ; Weinstein, Stephanie J. ; Virtamo, Jarmo ; Lan, Qing ; Rothman, Nathaniel ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z.

Smoking and diabetes, consistent risk factors for pancreatic cancer, are also factors that influence telomere length maintenance. To test whether telomere length is associated with pancreatic cancer risk, we conducted a nested case–control study in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study cohort of male smokers, aged 50–69 years at baseline. Between 1992 and 2004, 193 incident cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma occurred (mean follow-up from blood draw: 6.3 years) among [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte américaine "Black Women’s Health Study" incluant 59 000 participantes, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'indice de masse corporelle et le risque de cancer du poumon chez les femmes afro-américaines

Obesity in relation to lung cancer incidence in African American women

Bethea, TraciN ; Rosenberg, Lynn ; Charlot, Marjory ; O’Connor, GeorgeT ; Adams-Campbell, LucileL ; Palmer, JulieR

Purpose : Although a number of studies have found an inverse association between body mass index (BMI) and risk of lung cancer, there is little information on this relation in African Americans, who experience a higher incidence of lung cancer. Methods : We assessed the relation of BMI to incidence of lung cancer in the Black Women’s Health Study, an ongoing prospective follow-up of 59,000 women in the USA. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios for various levels of [...]

Menée en Corée auprès de 1 526 participants asymtptomatiques ayant subi une coloscopie, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'activité physique, divers facteurs de risque comportementaux (tabagisme) et le risque d'adénomes colorectaux

Physical activity and other lifestyle factors in relation to the prevalence of colorectal adenoma: a colonoscopy-based study in asymptomatic Koreans

Song, JiHyun ; Kim, YoungSun ; Yang, SunYoung ; Chung, SuJin ; Park, MinJung ; Lim, SeonHee ; Yim, JeongYoon ; Kim, JooSung ; Jung, HyunChae

Purpose : To evaluate physical activity and other lifestyle risk factors in relation to the prevalence of colorectal adenomas in asymptomatic Koreans. Methods : A total of 1,526 asymptomatic subjects who underwent a colonoscopy were enrolled. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity and smoking data were obtained using a questionnaire. The subjects were grouped into three exposure levels by tertiles of metabolic equivalent hours per week. We evaluated the risk factors in subjects with [...]

Menée auprès de 960 cas et 1 852 témoins, cette étude en population américaine évalue l'association entre des caractéristiques associées à la grossesse, telles qu'une hypertension ou un diabète, une prise de poids, des nausées et vomissements, etc., et le risque subséquent de cancer du sein

Pregnancy-related characteristics and breast cancer risk

Brasky, TheodoreM ; Li, Yanli ; Jaworowicz, DavidJ, Jr. ; Potischman, Nancy ; Ambrosone, ChristineB ; Hutson, AlanD ; Nie, Jing ; Shields, PeterG ; Trevisan, Maurizio ; Rudra, CaroleB ; Edge, StephenB ; Freudenheim, JoL

Breast tissues undergo extensive physiologic changes during pregnancy, which may affect breast carcinogenesis. Gestational hypertension, preeclampsia/eclampsia, gestational diabetes, pregnancy weight gain, and nausea and vomiting (N&V) during pregnancy may be indicative of altered hormonal and metabolic profiles and could impact breast cancer risk. Here, we examined associations between these characteristics of a woman’s pregnancy and her subsequent breast cancer risk. Participants were parous [...]

Cet article passe en revue les enjeux associés à l'usage des techniques de séquençage de nouvelle génération pour identifier des variants génétiques associés à une maladie

Sequencing studies in human genetics: design and interpretation

Goldstein, David B. ; Allen, Andrew ; Keebler, Jonathan ; Margulies, Elliott H. ; Petrou, Steven ; Petrovski, Slave ; Sunyaev, Shamil

Next-generation sequencing is becoming the primary discovery tool in human genetics. There have been many clear successes in identifying genes that are responsible for Mendelian diseases, and sequencing approaches are now poised to identify the mutations that cause undiagnosed childhood genetic diseases and those that predispose individuals to more common complex diseases. There are, however, growing concerns that the complexity and magnitude of complete sequence data could lead to an explosion [...]