Cet article fait le point sur les facteurs associés à la survenue d'un second cancer chez les patients adultes et identifie les comportements de santé pouvant réduire ce risque

Aetiology, genetics and prevention of secondary neoplasms in adult cancer survivors

Travis, Lois B. ; Wahnefried, Wendy Demark ; Allan, James M. ; Wood, Marie E. ; Ng, Andrea K.

Second and higher-order malignancies now comprise about 18% of all incident cancers in the USA, superseding first primary cancers of the breast, lung, and prostate. The occurrence of second malignant neoplasms (SMN) is influenced by a myriad of factors, including the late effects of cancer therapy, shared aetiological factors with the primary cancer (such as tobacco use, excessive alcohol intake, and obesity), genetic predisposition, environmental determinants, host effects, and combinations of [...]

Cette étude montre qu'une forte consommation de café, et non de caféine, est associée à une réduction du risque de cancer du sein ER- chez les femmes ménopausées (3 062 cas et 3 427 témoins), cela indépendamment du génotype du cytochrome P450 1A2

High Coffee Intake, but Not Caffeine, is Associated with Reduced Estrogen Receptor Negative and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk with No Effect Modification by CYP1A2 Genotype

Lowcock, Elizabeth C. ; Cotterchio, Michelle ; Anderson, Laura N. ; Boucher, Beatrice A. ; El-Sohemy, Ahmed

Associations between caffeine and coffee consumption and breast cancer risk are uncertain, with studies suggesting inverse and null associations. Variation in cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), a gene responsible for caffeine metabolism, may modify these associations. Cases (n = 3,062) were recruited through the Ontario Cancer Registry and controls (n = 3,427) through random digit dialing. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between breast cancer risk and intakes of 7 [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature, cette étude évalue l'effet préventif de divers aliments ou de nutriments sur le risque de néoplasie intraépithéliale du col utérin associée au papillomavirus humain

A Review of Dietary Prevention of Human Papillomavirus-Related Infection of the Cervix and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Chih, Hui Jun ; Lee, Andy H. ; Colville, Linda ; Binns, Colin W. ; Xu, Daniel

The natural history of cervical cancer suggests that prevention can be achieved by modification of the host's immune system through a nutrient-mediated program. This study reviews the preventive role of dietary intake on cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) induced by human papillomavirus (HPV). Electronic databases were searched using relevant keywords such as, but not limited to, human papillomavirus infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, lifestyle factors, nutrients intake, and [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études précliniques concernant l'efficacité chimiopréventive et le potentiel thérapeutique des polyphénols du thé dans le carcinome hépatocellulaire

Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potential of Tea Polyphenols in Hepatocellular Cancer

Darvesh, Altaf S. ; Bishayee, Anupam

The prophylactic and therapeutic properties of tea have been attributed to green tea catechins and black tea theaflavins besides several other polyphenolic compounds. Tea polyphenols possess potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties and modulate several signaling pathways. These biochemical facets of tea polyphenols are responsible for its anticancer properties. Several lethal cancers, such as liver cancer, develop within a background of oxidative stress and inflammation. Liver cancer, [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études récentes concernant le rôle des microARNs dans la chimioprévention des cancers

MicroRNA and Cancer Chemoprevention

Yi, Bin ; Piazza, Gary A. ; Su, Xiulan ; Xi, Yaguang

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of naturally occurring, small, non-coding, and single-strand RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional and translational levels. By controlling the expression of oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins, miRNAs are believed to play an important role in pathological processes associated with malignant progression including tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. However, relatively [...]

Menée ex vivo sur des colocytes murins, cette étude évalue, dans le cadre de la chimioprévention d'une carcinogenèse du côlon induite par des agents cancérigènes, les effets de divers ratios huile de poisson / huile de maïs en supplémentation sur les membranes mitochondriales

Alterations in Mitochondrial Membrane in Chemopreventive Action of Fish Oil

Sharma, Gayatri ; Rani, Isha ; Kansal, Shevali ; Bhatnagar, Archana ; Agnihotri, Navneet

Mitochondria are major regulators of pathways related to tumorigenesis; therefore, mitochondrial membrane characteristics and associated cell signaling events were evaluated with different ratios of fish oil (FO) and corn oil (CO) in experimental colon carcinogenesis. Treatment with carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) altered reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+, and membrane characteristics, which resulted in an elevation in apoptosis in initiation phase and reduction in post-initiation [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin de cancer du sein induit par un agent cancérogène, cette étude évalue l'effet chimiopréventif d'un triterpénoïde synthétique dérivé de l'oléanane sur la carcinogenèse

Chemopreventive effect of a novel oleanane triterpenoid in a chemically induced rodent model of breast cancer

Bishayee, Anupam ; Mandal, Animesh ; Thoppil, Roslin J. ; Darvesh, Altaf S. ; Bhatia, Deepak

Breast cancer represents one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers and predominant causes of death in women worldwide. The value of preventive therapy to limit the devastating impact of breast cancer is well established. Various plant triterpenoids and their synthetic analogs have shown significant promise as potent chemopreventive agents in breast cancer. The current study was initiated to investigate mechanism-based chemopreventive potential of a novel synthetic oleanane triterpenoid [...]