Menée en France en 2008 à partir d'une enquête téléphonique auprès de 2 000 participants dont 621 fumeurs (âge : 18 à 75 ans), cette étude transversale analyse la relation entre leur statut socioéconomique, leur comportement tabagique, leurs orientations du moment vis-à-vis de l'arrêt du tabagisme et leurs réactions vis-à-vis des campagnes anti-tabac

Time preferences, socioeconomic status and smokers’ behaviour, attitudes and risk awareness

Peretti-Watel, Patrick ; L’Haridon, Olivier ; Seror, Valerie

Background: Tobacco control policies have succeeded in reducing tobacco use, but the negative correlation between smoking prevalence and socioeconomic status (SES) has increased. This study focused on the relationships between time preferences, SES, and smoking behaviour, attitudes and risk awareness. Methods: A cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted in France in 2008 on a representative national sample of people aged 18–75 (N = 2000, including 621 smokers) years. Two scales measuring [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 2 293 patients adultes atteints d'un cancer colorectal invasif et non métastatique diagnostiqué entre 1994 et 2007 (durée maximale de suivi : 16,1 ans), cette étude analyse l'effet du niveau d'activité physique de loisir et du temps libre passé assis, avant et après le diagnostic de la maladie, sur la mortalité toutes causes confondues

Associations of Recreational Physical Activity and Leisure Time Spent Sitting With Colorectal Cancer Survival

Campbell, Peter T. ; Patel, Alpa V. ; Newton, Christina C. ; Jacobs, Eric J. ; Gapstur, Susan M.

Purpose Little is known about the association of recreational physical activity or leisure time spent sitting with survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis. This study examined the associations of prediagnosis and postdiagnosis recreational physical activity and leisure time spent sitting with mortality among patients with colorectal cancer.Patients and Methods From a cohort of adults without colorectal cancer at baseline in 1992-1993, we identified 2,293 participants who were diagnosed with [...]

Menée à l'aide d'une lignée cellulaire humaine de kératinocytes et menée ex vivo sur la peau, cette étude montre que la nicotinamide (vitamine B3) favorise la réparation des lésions de l'ADN induites par les ultraviolets

Nicotinamide enhances repair of ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage in human keratinocytes and ex vivo skin

Surjana, Devita ; Halliday, Gary M ; Damian, Diona L.

Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) protects from ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced carcinogenesis in mice and from UV-induced immunosuppression in mice and humans. Recent double blinded randomized controlled Phase 2 studies in heavily sun-damaged individuals have shown that oral nicotinamide significantly reduces premalignant actinic keratoses, and may reduce new nonmelanoma skin cancers. Nicotinamide is a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential coenzyme in adenosine [...]

Menée sur 188 patients inclus dans un essai clinique de phase III évaluant un traitement combinant la difluorométhylornithine et le sulindac, un anti-inflammatoire non stéroïdien, pour prévenir le risque d'adénome colorectal, cette étude analyse la relation entre un régime alimentaire favorisant la synthèse endogène de polyamines et l'efficacité du traitement

Role of dietary polyamines in a phase III clinical trial of difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and sulindac for prevention of sporadic colorectal adenomas

Raj, K. P. ; Zell, J. A. ; Rock, C. L. ; McLaren, C. E. ; Zoumas-Morse, C. ; Gerner, E. W. ; Meyskens, F. L.

Background : The polyamine-inhibitory regimen difluoromethylornithine (DFMO)+sulindac has marked efficacy in preventing metachronous colorectal adenomas. Polyamines are synthesised endogenously and obtained from dietary sources. Here we investigate dietary polyamine intake and outcomes in the DFMO+sulindac colorectal adenoma prevention trial. Methods : Dietary polyamine data were available for 188 of 267 patients completing the study. Total dietary polyamine content was derived by the sum of [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin porteur de mutations associées au risque de cancer colorectal héréditaire chez l'homme, cette étude analyse les effets préventifs et thérapeutiques d'un complexe protéique appelé HAMLET administré par voie orale

Prevention and treatment of colon cancer by peroral administration of HAMLET (human α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumour cells)

Puthia, Manoj ; Storm, Petter ; Nadeem, Aftab ; Hsiung, Sabrina ; Svanborg, Catharina

Background Most colon cancers start with dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signalling and remain a major therapeutic challenge. Examining whether HAMLET (human α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumour cells) may be used for colon cancer treatment is logical, based on the properties of the complex and its biological context.Objective To investigate if HAMLET can be used for colon cancer treatment and prevention. ApcMin/+ mice, which carry mutations relevant to hereditary and sporadic human colorectal [...]

Mené sur 164 jeunes gens ayant une pratique tabagique quotidienne (âge :18 à 25 ans), cet essai contrôlé américain évalue, en fonction du sexe et du niveau de consommation, l'efficacité d'un programme d'interventions reposant sur la diffusion de courts messages textuels pour arrêter le tabagisme

Pilot RCT Results of Stop My Smoking USA: A Text Messaging–Based Smoking Cessation Program for Young Adults

Ybarra, Michele L. ; Holtrop, Jodi Summers ; Prescott, Tonya L. ; Rahbar, Mohammad H. ; Strong, David

Introduction: To address the lack of smoking cessation programs available to young adults, Stop My Smoking (SMS) USA, a text messaging–based smoking cessation program, was developed and pilot tested.Methods: This was a two-arm randomized controlled trial with adaptive randomization (arms were balanced by sex and smoking level [heavy vs. light]), conducted nationally in the United States. One hundred sixty-four 18- to 25-year-old daily smokers who were seriously thinking about quitting in the [...]