Menée à Taïwan auprès de 23 712 participants, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre l'obésité, une consommation d'alcool et le risque de carcinome hépatocellulaire

Synergism Between Obesity and Alcohol in Increasing the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study

Loomba, Rohit ; Yang, Hwai-I ; Su, Jun ; Brenner, David ; Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth ; Iloeje, Uchenna ; Chen, Chien-Jen

Obesity and alcohol interact to increase the risk of death from liver failure in men. In the present study, we aimed to examine whether obesity and alcohol were multiplicative or additive in increasing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in both men and women. We conducted a prospective, population-based study of 23,712 Taiwanese residents (50.3% men) from 7 townships who underwent an evaluation for liver disease and were followed for 11.6 years for incident HCC. The mean age was 47 [...]

A partir des données de 12 études incluant 6 797 cas et 10 358 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool (fréquence, type d'alcool consommé) et le risque de cancer de l'ovaire

Recent alcohol consumption and risk of incident ovarian carcinoma: a pooled analysis of 5,342 cases and 10,358 controls from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

Kelemen, Linda ; Bandera, Elisa ; Terry, Kathryn ; Rossing, Mary ; Brinton, Louise ; Doherty, Jennifer ; Ness, Roberta ; Kjaer, Susanne ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Köbel, Martin ; Lurie, Galina ; Thompson, Pamela ; Carney, Michael ; Moysich, Kirsten ; Edwards, Robert ; Bunker, Clare ; Jensen, Allan ; Hogdall, Estrid ; Cramer, Daniel ; Vitonis, Allison ; Olson, Sara ; King, Melony ; Chandran, Urmila ; Lissowska, Jolanta ; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat ; Yang, Hannah ; Webb, Penelope ; Schildkraut, Joellen ; Goodman, Marc ; Risch, Harvey

BACKGROUND:Studies evaluating the association between alcohol intake and ovarian carcinoma (OC) are inconsistent. Because OC and ovarian borderline tumor histologic types differ genetically, molecularly and clinically, large numbers are needed to estimate risk associations.METHODS:We pooled data from 12 case-control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium comprising 5,342 OC cases, 1,455 borderline tumors and 10,358 controls with quantitative information on recent alcohol intake to [...]

A partir des données d'une cohorte incluant 15 826 salariés américains de l'industrie des plastiques, cette étude ré-évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle au styrène et le risque de cancers lympho-hématopoïétiques, pancréatiques et pulmonaires

Cancer Mortality of Workers Exposed to Styrene in the U.S. Reinforced Plastics and Composite Industry

Collins, James J. ; Bodner, Kenneth M. ; Bus, James S.

Background: Epidemiologic studies have reported increased risk of lymphohematopoietic cancers, lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer after exposure to styrene, although findings across studies are not consistent. Methods: We update a large study of reinforced plastic industry workers with relatively high exposures to styrene, examining cancer risks associated with exposure levels. The study includes 15,826 workers who were exposed between 1948 and 1977 with vital-status follow-up from 1948 to [...]

Menée en Chine auprès de 538 cas et de 640 témoins, cette étude analyse l'association entre une consommation d'eau potable contaminée par de hautes concentrations en arsenic durant la période 1958-1970 et le risque de cancer du poumon et de la vessie, 40 ans après la cessation de cette exposition

Drinking water arsenic in northern Chile: high cancer risks 40 years after exposure cessation

Steinmaus, Craig M ; Ferreccio, Catterina ; Acevedo Romo, Johanna ; Yuan, Yan ; Cortes, Sandra ; Marshall, Guillermo ; Moore, Lee E. ; Balmes, John R ; Liaw, Jane ; Golden, Todd ; Smith, Allan H

Background: Millions of people worldwide are exposed to arsenic-contaminated water. In the largest city in northern Chile (Antofagasta) >250,000 people were exposed to high arsenic drinking water concentrations from 1958 until 1970 when a water treatment plant was installed. Because of its unique geology, limited water sources, and good historical records, lifetime exposure and long-term latency patterns can be assessed in this area with better accuracy than in other arsenic-exposed areas [...]

A partir des données des registres anglais et gallois des cancers (52 959 cas et 79 507 témoins), cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à des champs magnétiques induits par des lignes à haute tension et et le risque de cancers chez l'adulte

Adult Cancers Near High-voltage Overhead Power Lines

Elliott, Paul ; Shaddick, Gavin ; Douglass, Margaret ; de Hoogh, Kees ; Briggs, David J. ; Toledano, Mireille B.

Background: Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields are designated as possibly carcinogenic in humans, based on an epidemiologic association with childhood leukemia. Evidence for associations with adult cancers is weaker and inconsistent. Methods: We conducted a case-control study to investigate risks of adult cancers in relation to distance and extremely low-frequency magnetic fields from high-voltage overhead power lines using National Cancer Registry Data in England and Wales, 1974-2008. The [...]

Cette étude de cohorte française incluant 142 participantes évalue l'association entre le type 16 du papillomavirus humain et le risque d'une infection virale persistante, 4 à 16 mois plus tard

Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 variants in France and risk of viral persistence

Cornet, Iris ; Gheit, Tarik ; Clifford, Gary ; Combes, Jean-Damien ; Dalstein, Veronique ; Franceschi, Silvia ; Tommasino, Massimo ; Clavel, Christine

BACKGROUND:Only a small portion of HPV 16 infections persist and can lead to cervical intraepithelial lesions and cancer. Factors that favour HPV persistence versus clearance are still poorly understood, but several studies have suggested that HPV intra-type variants may influence persistence and clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to assess the possible association between HPV16 variants and the risk for viral persistence in the general population of France. METHODS:One hundred and [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins et de xénogreffes, cette étude suggère qu'un stress comportemental favorise le développement d'une tumeur de la prostate

Behavioral stress accelerates prostate cancer development in mice

Hassan, Sazzad ; Karpova, Yelena ; Baiz, Daniele ; Yancey, Dana ; Pullikuth, Ashok ; Flores, Anabel ; Register, Thomas ; Cline, J. Mark ; x, ; Agostino, Ralph ; Danial, Nika ; Datta, Sandeep Robert ; Kulik, George

Prostate cancer patients have increased levels of stress and anxiety. Conversely, men who take beta blockers, which interfere with signaling from the stress hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline, have a lower incidence of prostate cancer; however, the mechanisms underlying stress–prostate cancer interactions are unknown. Here, we report that stress promotes prostate carcinogenesis in mice in an adrenaline-dependent manner. Behavioral stress inhibited apoptosis and delayed prostate tumor [...]

Menée dans deux Etats américains auprès de 567 cas et 679 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des mesures corporelles (taille, poids, indice de masse corporelle) et le risque de lymphome hodgkinien, en fonction de l'âge et du sexe

Body size and risk of Hodgkin’s lymphoma by age and gender: a population-based case–control study in Connecticut and Massachusetts

Li, Qian ; Chang, EllenT ; Bassig, BryanA ; Dai, Min ; Qin, Qin ; Gao, Yongshun ; Zhang, Yawei ; Zheng, Tongzhang

Purpose Descriptive studies have indicated a rising trend in Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) incidence in young adults, especially females. Increasing evidence has suggested that some risk factors associated with HL may vary by age or gender. Recent studies have reported an increased risk of HL associated with increasing body mass index (BMI), but the results have been inconsistent. The objectives of this study were to examine whether the associations between measures of body size (height, weight, and [...]

A partir des données d'un Consortium international incluant 8 096 cas et 28 829 témoins, cette analyse passe en revue les facteurs de risque de sarcome utérin

The etiology of uterine sarcomas: a pooled analysis of the epidemiology of endometrial cancer consortium

Felix, A. S. ; Cook, L. S. ; Gaudet, M. M. ; Rohan, T. E. ; Schouten, L. J. ; Setiawan, V. W. ; Wise, L. A. ; Anderson, K. E. ; Bernstein, L. ; De Vivo, I. ; Friedenreich, C. M. ; Gapstur, S. M. ; Goldbohm, R. A. ; Henderson, B. ; Horn-Ross, P. L. ; Kolonel, L. ; Lacey, J. V. ; Liang, X. ; Lissowska, J. ; Magliocco, A. ; McCullough, M. L. ; Miller, A. B. ; Olson, S. H. ; Palmer, J. R. ; Park, Y. ; Patel, A. V. ; Prescott, J. ; Rastogi, R. ; Robien, K. ; Rosenberg, L. ; Schairer, C. ; Ou Shu, X. ; van den Brandt, P. A. ; Virkus, R. A. ; Wentzensen, N. ; Xiang, Y. B. ; Xu, W. H. ; Yang, H. P. ; Brinton, L. A.

Background: Uterine sarcomas are characterised by early age at diagnosis, poor prognosis, and higher incidence among Black compared with White women, but their aetiology is poorly understood. Therefore, we performed a pooled analysis of data collected in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium. We also examined risk factor associations for malignant mixed mullerian tumours (MMMTs) and endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (EECs) for comparison purposes. Methods: We pooled data on 229 [...]

Cette étude évalue la faisabilité d'utiliser certaines bases de données en libre accès (Globocan, Indicateurs de développement de la Banque mondiale, ...) pour identifier, par une approche écologique, des liens entre facteurs de risque et cancers, en prenant pour exemple l'association entre des facteurs de risque environnementaux et l'incidence des cancers du système nerveux central

Environmental risk factors for cancers of the brain and nervous system: the use of ecological data to generate hypotheses

de Vocht, Frank ; Hannam, Kimberly ; Buchan, Iain

Background There is a public health need to balance timely generation of hypotheses with cautious causal inference. For rare cancers this is particularly challenging because standard epidemiological study designs may not be able to elucidate causal factors in an early period of newly emerging risks. Alternative methodologies need to be considered for generating and shaping hypotheses prior to definitive investigation. Objectives To evaluate whether open-access databases can be used to explore [...]