A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en décembre 2011 (62 études), cette étude analyse les relations entre l'envie de fumer, avant ou après une tentative de sevrage tabagique, et le risque de rechute

A Systematic Review of the Relationships Between Craving and Smoking Cessation

Wray, Jennifer M. ; Gass, Julie C. ; Tiffany, Stephen T.

Introduction: Craving is often portrayed as a defining feature of addiction, but the role of craving in the addictive process is controversial. Particularly contentious is the extent to which drug craving predicts subsequent relapse.Methods: This review synthesizes findings from 62 smoking cessation studies published through December 2011. Eligible studies measured craving for cigarettes in treatment-seeking smokers and related this to subsequent smoking status. The relationships of general [...]

A partir d'entretiens menés auprès de patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon de stade précoce, cette étude identifie les facteurs associés à l'abstinence tabagique après le diagnostic de la maladie

Factors associated with smoking abstinence after diagnosis of early stage lung cancer

Hopenhayn, Claudia ; Christian, W. Jay ; Christian, Amy ; Studts, Jamie ; Mullet, Timothy

Smoking cessation after a diagnosis of lung cancer is associated with improved outcomes, including quality of life and survival. The research presented here is based on data obtained from sequential interviews with early stage lung cancer patients in Kentucky, on their smoking patterns at four time points: (1) six months before enrollment in the study, before diagnosis, (2) at enrollment (shortly after surgical resection), (3) three months post-enrollment, and (4) six months post-enrollment. A [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin exposé à un cancérigène et à la nicotine, cette étude montre qu'une supplémentation en

β-Cryptoxanthin Restores Nicotine-Reduced Lung SIRT1 to Normal Levels and Inhibits Nicotine-Promoted Lung Tumorigenesis and Emphysema in A/J Mice

Iskandar, Anita R. ; Liu, Chun ; Smith, Donald E. ; Hu, Kang-Quan ; Choi, Sang-Woon ; Ausman, Lynne M. ; Wang, Xiang-Dong

Nicotine, a large constituent of cigarette smoke, is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, but the data supporting this relationship are inconsistent. Here, we found that nicotine treatment not only induced emphysema but also increased both lung tumor multiplicity and volume in 4-nitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-initiated lung cancer in A/J mice. This tumor-promoting effect of nicotine was accompanied by significant reductions in survival probability and lung Sirtuin 1 [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études concernant le rôle des rétrovirus endogènes humains, en particulier le HERV-K, dans la survenue de certains cancers et fait le point sur les perspectives en matière d'immunothérapie ou d'agents de vaccination pour prévenir la tumorigenèse associée à ce type de virus

Human endogenous retroviruses and cancer prevention: evidence and prospects

Cegolon, Luca ; Salata, Cristiano ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Vineis, Paolo ; Palu, Giorgio ; Mastrangelo, Giuseppe

BACKGROUND:Cancer is a significant and growing problem worldwide. While this increase may, in part, be attributed to increasing longevity, improved case notifications and risk-enhancing lifestyle (such as smoking, diet and obesity), hygiene-related factors resulting in immuno-regulatory failure may also play a major role and call for a revision of vaccination strategies to protect against a range of cancers in addition to infections.DISCUSSION:Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are a [...]

A partir des données d'une enquête asiatique incluant 4 000 fumeurs adultes d'origine thaïlandaise ou malaisienne, cette étude analyse leurs réactions cognitives et comportementales vis-à-vis d'illustrations informant des risques liés au tabagisme sur les paquets de cigarettes

Adult Smokers’ Reactions to Pictorial Health Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs in Thailand and Moderating Effects of Type of Cigarette Smoked: Findings From the International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia Survey

Yong, Hua-Hie ; Fong, Geoffrey T. ; Driezen, Pete ; Borland, Ron ; Quah, Anne C. K. ; Sirirassamee, Buppha ; Hamann, Stephen ; Omar, Maizurah

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to examine, in Thailand, the impact on smokers’ reported awareness of and their cognitive and behavioral reactions following the change from text-only to pictorial warnings printed on cigarette packs. We also sought to explore differences by type of cigarette smoked (roll-your-own [RYO] vs. factory-made [FM] cigarettes).Methods: Data came from the International Tobacco Control Southeast Asia Survey, conducted in Thailand and Malaysia, where a representative [...]