Cet article passe en revue les études concernant le rôle de l'activité physique pour réduire la perte osseuse et le risque de fracture associés à un traitement anti-androgénique chez les patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate

AST-induced bone loss in men with prostate cancer: exercise as a potential countermeasure

Bolam, K. A. ; Galvão, D. A. ; Spry, N. ; Newton, R. U. ; Taaffe, D. R.

Androgen suppression treatment (AST) for men with prostate cancer is associated with a number of treatment-related side effects including an accelerated rate of bone loss. This loss of bone is greatest within the first year of AST and increases the risk for fracture. Pharmaceutical treatment in the form of bisphosphonates is currently used to counter the effects of hormone suppression on bone but is costly and associated with potential adverse effects. Recently, exercise has been shown to be an [...]

Couplée à une cohorte chinoise incluant 34 028 femmes (durée de suivi : 14 ans), cette étude cas-témoins évalue l'association entre la durée du sommeil, les niveaux de la 6 sulfatoxymélatonine, mesurés dans un échantillon d'urine, et le risque de cancer du sein (248 cas et 743 témoins)

Sleep duration, spot urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin levels and risk of breast cancer among Chinese women in Singapore

Wu, Anna H. ; Stanczyk, Frank Z. ; Wang, Renwei ; Koh, Woon-Puay ; Yuan, Jian-Min ; Yu, Mimi C.

We previously reported an inverse association between sleep duration and breast cancer risk in the prospective, population-based Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS) cohort (Wu et al., Carcinogenesis 2008;29:1244–8). Sleep duration was significantly positively associated with 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) levels determined in a spot urine, but aMT6s levels in breast cancer cases were lacking (Wu et al., Carcinogenesis 2008;29:1244–8). We updated the sleep duration–breast cancer association with [...]

Menée sur des cellules de médulloblastome et de glioblastome multiforme, cette étude montre que la génistéine, une isoflavone du soja, peut inhiber la croissance des cellules cancéreuses et l'activité intratumorale de la télomérase

Genistein induces growth arrest and suppresses telomerase activity in brain tumor cells

Khaw, Aik Kia ; Yong, Jacklyn Wei Yan ; Kalthur, Guruprasad ; Hande, M. Prakash

Genistein, a soy isoflavone, has been reported to exhibit multiple effects, such as inducing cell cycle arrest, triggering apoptosis, inhibiting the activation of NFKB and inactivating several signaling cascades in human cancer cells. In vivo studies demonstrating antiangiogenesis and antimetastatic effects of genistein have also been reported. Here, we demonstrate that genistein inhibits the growth of glioblastoma multiforme and medulloblastoma cells with different TP53 mutations and [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études concernant le rôle et les mécanismes d'action des isothiocyanates d'origine alimentaire dans la chimioprévention des cancers

Cancer chemoprevention with dietary isothiocyanates mature for clinical translational research

Singh, Shivendra V ; Singh, Kamayani

Inverse association between dietary intake of cruciferous vegetables and cancer risk observed in population-based case-control studies is partly attributable to structurally-simple but mechanistically-complex phytochemicals with an isothiocyanate (-N=C=S) functional group. Cancer protective role for dietary isothiocyanates (ITCs) is substantiated by preclinical studies in rodent models. A common feature of many naturally-occurring ITCs relates to their ability to cause growth arrest and cell [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études récentes concernant les mécanismes d'action de la quercétine, un flavonoïde d'origine végétale, dans la chimioprévention et le traitement des cancers

Quercetin in Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Chirumbolo, S.

Quercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid known to possess anti-inflammatory property, but its use as a chemopreventive substance has been reviewed quite recently. A number of reports have assessed the pro-apoptotic action of quercetin in cancer cells, which contributes to the chemopreventive action of food, similar to many other flavonoids. Quercetin is a forthright inhibitor of PI3K, NF-B, and other kinases involved in intracellular signaling. However, a possible selective intracellular target [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires humaines ou murines de cancer du côlon et à l'aide d'un modèle murin, cette étude évalue les effets chimiopréventifs de l'adiponectine, une hormone produite par le tissu adipeux, sur la croissance des cellules tumorales

Salutary effects of adiponectin on colon cancer: in vivo and in vitro studies in mice

Moon, Hyun-Seuk ; Liu, Xiaowen ; Nagel, Jutta M ; Chamberland, John P ; Diakopoulos, Kalliope N ; Brinkoetter, Mary T ; Hatziapostolou, Maria ; Wu, Yan ; Robson, Simon C ; Iliopoulos, Dimitrios ; Mantzoros, Christos S

Background Obesity and a high-fat diet are associated with the risk and progression of colon cancer. Low adiponectin levels may play an important role in the development of colon and other obesity-related malignancies. No previous studies have directly investigated the mechanistic effects of adiponectin on colon cancer in the settings of obesity, a high-fat diet and/or adiponectin deficiency.Objective To investigate the effects of adiponectin on the growth of colorectal cancer in [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin, cette étude évalue l'efficacité d'un traitement anti-tabac utilisant un vecteur viral pour transférer un gène exprimant un anticorps monoclonal anti-nicotine

AAV-Directed Persistent Expression of a Gene Encoding Anti-Nicotine Antibody for Smoking Cessation

Hicks, Martin J. ; Rosenberg, Jonathan B. ; De, Bishnu P. ; Pagovich, Odelya E. ; Young, Colin N. ; Qiu, Jian-ping ; Kaminsky, Stephen M. ; Hackett, Neil R. ; Worgall, Stefan ; Janda, Kim D. ; Davisson, Robin L. ; Crystal, Ronald G.

Current strategies to help tobacco smokers quit have limited success as a result of the addictive properties of the nicotine in cigarette smoke. We hypothesized that a single administration of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene transfer vector expressing high levels of an anti-nicotine antibody would persistently prevent nicotine from reaching its receptors in the brain. To test this hypothesis, we constructed an AAVrh.10 vector that expressed a full-length, high-affinity, anti-nicotine [...]

Menée à Mexico auprès de 1 756 fumeurs âgés de 18 à 55 ans, cette étude transversale analyse les effets psychosociaux et comportementaux d'un programme de lutte contre le tabagisme associant une campagne médiatique à la diffusion, sur les paquets de cigarettes, d'illustrations avertissant des dangers du tabac

Linking mass media campaigns to pictorial warning labels on cigarette packages: a cross-sectional study to evaluate effects among Mexican smokers

Thrasher, James F ; Murukutla, Nandita ; Pérez-Hernández, Rosaura ; Alday, Jorge ; Arillo-Santillán, Edna ; Cedillo, Claudia ; Gutierrez, Juan Pablo

Objective This study assessed the effects of pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) and a linked media campaign in Mexico. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from a population-based sample of 1756 adult smokers, aged 18–55 years, during the initial implementation of pictorial HWLs, which some smokers had seen on cigarette packages while others had seen only the text-based HWLs. Exposure to the campaign and pictorial HWLs was assessed with aided recall methods, and other questions [...]