Menée sur une cohorte de 1 000 fumeurs âgés de 25 ans ou plus, cette étude transversale américaine évalue l'association entre la consommation de fruits et de légumes et la dépendance ou l'abstinence au tabac

A Longitudinal Evaluation of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Cigarette Smoking

Haibach, Jeffrey P. ; Homish, Gregory G. ; Giovino, Gary A.

Introduction: Cross-sectional studies consistently find that cigarette smokers consume fewer fruits and vegetables each day than do nonsmokers. However, there are no published cohort studies on this relationship. This study evaluated the longitudinal relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) and cigarette smoking, including measures of dependence and abstinence in a national population-based cohort analysis.Methods: A national random-digit-dialed sample of 1,000 smokers (aged [...]

A partir de données d'une étude cas-témoins espagnole (424 cas de cancer colorectal et 401 témoins), de données administratives américaines et d'un questionnaire, cette étude évalue l'association entre une alimentation riche en flavonoïdes et en lignanes, des composés d'origine végétale, et le risque de cancer colorectal

Association between habitual dietary flavonoid and lignan intake and colorectal cancer in a Spanish case-control study (the Bellvitge Colorectal Cancer Study)

Zamora-Ros, R. ; Not, C. ; Guino, E. ; Lujan-Barroso, L. ; Garcia, R. M. ; Biondo, S. ; Salazar, R. ; Moreno, V.

BACKGROUND: Flavonoid-rich foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and tea, may have a protective effect upon colorectal cancer. However, current epidemiological evidence for a protective effect of flavonoid intake upon colorectal cancer is promising but not conclusive. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between dietary flavonoid and lignan intakes and the risk of colorectal cancer within a Spanish population. DESIGN: Data from the Bellvitge Colorectal Cancer Study, a case-control study (424 cases [...]

Menée sur des rats exposés au 1,2-diméthylhydrazine, cette étude évalue les effets de la consommation d'un extrait de racine de poire de terre (Smallanthus sonchifolius), une plante vivace tubéreuse originaire du Pérou, sur la carcinogenèse du côlon

Protective effects of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) intake on experimental colon carcinogenesis

de Moura, N. A. ; Caetano, B. F. ; Sivieri, K. ; Urbano, L. H. ; Cabello, C. ; Rodrigues, M. A. ; Barbisan, L. F.

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), a tuberous root native to the Andean region of South America, contains high concentration of fructans with potential for colon cancer prevention. This study investigated the potential beneficial of yacon intake on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats. After 4 weeks of DMH-initiation, groups were fed basal diet (G1 and G6) or basal diet containing dried extract of yacon root at 0.5% (G2), 1.0% (G3 and G5) or a synbiotic [...]

A partir d'un questionnaire, cette étude allemande évalue l'association entre la consommation d'aliments riches en phytoestrogènes, en lignanes et en fibres, et le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause (2 884 cas et 5 509 témoins)

The Association Between Dietary Lignans, Phytoestrogen-Rich Foods, and Fiber Intake and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk: A German Case-Control Study

Zaineddin, A. K. ; Buck, K. ; Vrieling, A. ; Heinz, J. ; Flesch-Janys, D. ; Linseisen, J. ; Chang-Claude, J.

Phytoestrogens are structurally similar to estrogens and may affect breast cancer risk by mimicking estrogenic/antiestrogenic properties. In Western societies, whole grains and possibly soy foods are rich sources of phytoestrogens. A population-based case-control study in German postmenopausal women was used to evaluate the association of phytoestrogen-rich foods and dietary lignans with breast cancer risk. Dietary data were collected from 2,884 cases and 5,509 controls using a validated [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins présentant une tumeur mammaire "basal-like" ou "claudin-low", cette étude montre que le bilan énergétique alimentaire peut moduler la transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse et la progression tumorale

Dietary Energy Balance Modulates Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Progression in Murine Claudin-Low and Basal-Like Mammary Tumor Models

Dunlap, Sarah M. ; Chiao, Lucia J. ; Nogueira, Leticia ; Usary, Jerry ; Perou, Charles M. ; Varticovski, Lyuba ; Hursting, Stephen D.

Using novel murine models of claudin-low and basal-like breast cancer, we tested the hypothesis that diet-induced obesity (DIO) and calorie restriction (CR) differentially modulate progression of these aggressive breast cancer subtypes. For model development, we characterized two cell lines, "mesenchymal (M)-Wnt" and "epithelial (E)-Wnt," derived from MMTV-Wnt-1 transgenic mouse mammary tumors. M-Wnt, relative to E-Wnt, cells were tumor-initiating cell (TIC)-enriched (62% vs 2.4% [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études récentes concernant l'utilisation conjointe de catéchines du thé vert et d'agents anti-cancer pour inhiber la croissance tumorale et prévenir le risque de récidive

Green Tea: An effective synergist with anticancer drugs for tertiary cancer prevention

Fujiki, Hirota ; Suganuma, Masami

Green tea is now an acknowledged cancer preventive in Japan. Based on evidence that colorectal adenomas and prostate cancer in humans have been prevented, we review here the concept that the combination of anticancer drugs with green tea catechin synergistically induces apoptosis of human cancer cells, inhibits tumor formation in mice, and enhances inhibition of tumor growth in xenograft mouse models. As a molecular mechanism by the combination, the induction of growth arrest and DNA [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (13 études), cet article analyse l'efficacité et les composantes structurelles et socio-culturelles de programmes de prévention et de sevrage tabagiques ciblant les adolescents appartenant à une minorité ethnique

A Review of Culturally Targeted/Tailored Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Interventions for Minority Adolescents

Kong, Grace ; Singh, Nisha ; Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra

Aim: Emerging racial/ethnic disparities in tobacco use behaviors and resulting long-term health outcomes highlight the importance of developing culturally tailored/targeted tobacco prevention and cessation interventions. This manuscript describes the efficacy and the components of prevention and cessation interventions developed for minority adolescents.Methods: Thirteen studies focused on culturally tailoring and targeting tobacco prevention/cessation interventions were selected and [...]

Mené en Chine sur 248 fumeurs en bonne santé, cet essai randomisé contrôlé multicentrique évalue l'efficacité du bupropion à libération prolongée, utilisé durant 8 semaines, pour arrêter de fumer

Sustained-Release Bupropion for Smoking Cessation in a Chinese Sample: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial

Sheng, Li-xia ; Tang, Yi-lang ; Jiang, Zuo-ning ; Yao, Chong-hua ; Gao, Jun-yu ; Xu, Guo-Zhu ; Tong, Xin-yuan

Introduction: Bupropion is a first-line pharmacological aid for smoking cessation; however, no clinical trials have been conducted in a Chinese population.Methods: We enrolled 248 smokers in a hospital-based, randomized, smoking cessation trial conducted at four outpatient centers in Beijing. A total of 123 participants received an 8-week course of sustained-release bupropion (Bup-SR) and 125 participants received 8 weeks of placebo. All participants received brief education and counseling on [...]