Menée au Royaume-Uni auprès de 67 patients, cette étude de cohorte analyse l'effet de la réduction ou de la cessation du tabac et de l'alcool sur la mortalité de patients atteints d'un cancer de la cavité buccale

The effect of tobacco and alcohol and their reduction/cessation on mortality in oral cancer patients: Short communication

Jerjes, Waseem ; Upile, Tahwinder ; Radhi, Hani ; Petrie, Aviva ; Abiola, Jesuloba ; Adams, Aidan ; Kafas, Panagiotis ; Callear, Jacqueline ; Carbiner, Ramin ; Rajaram, Kartic ; Hopper, Colin

The use of tobacco is known to increase the incidence of developing oral cancer by 6 times, while the additive effect of drinking alcohol further increases the risk leading to higher rate of morbidity and mortality. In this short communication, we prospectively assessed the effect of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking in oral cancer patients on the overall mortality from the disease, as well as the effect of smoking and drinking reduction/cessation at time of diagnosis on mortality in the [...]

Menée sur des rats, cette étude montre que l'indométhacine et l'étoricoxib, deux anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens, peuvent inhiber la cyclo-oxygénase 2 et induire l'apoptose des cellules cancéreuses du poumon

Chemopreventive effects of NSAIDs as inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducers of apoptosis in experimental lung carcinogenesis

Setia, S. ; Vaish, V. ; Sanyal, S. N.

Roles of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme and intrinsic pathway of apoptosis have been explored for the chemopreventive effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on 9,10-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced lung cancer in rat model. 16 weeks after the administration of DMBA, morphological analysis revealed the occurrences of tumours and lesions, which were regressed considerably with the co-administration of indomethacin and etoricoxib, the two NSAIDs under investigation. DMBA [...]

Menée sur un modèle murin d'adénocarcinome de la prostate, cette étude montre que la consommation d'aliments enrichis en acide ursolique, un triterpénoïde pentacyclique d'origine végétale, peut inhiber la progression des cellules cancéreuses et prolonger la survie en régulant l'activation de médiateurs pro-inflammatoires

Ursolic Acid Inhibits the Initiation, Progression of Prostate Cancer and Prolongs the Survival of TRAMP Mice by Modulating Pro-Inflammatory Pathways

Shanmugam, Muthu K. ; Ong, Tina H. ; Kumar, Alan Prem ; Lun, Chang K. ; Ho, Paul C. ; Wong, Peter T. H. ; Hui, Kam M. ; Sethi, Gautam

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among men worldwide. In this study, using transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, the effect of diet enriched with 1% w/w ursolic acid (UA) was investigated to evaluate the stage specific chemopreventive activity against prostate cancer. We found that TRAMP mice fed with UA diet for 8 weeks (weeks 4 to 12) delayed formation of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN). Similarly, mice fed with UA diet for 6 weeks [...]

Menée sur deux modèles murins, cette étude montre que l'effet chimiopréventif du miféprestone (un stéroïde synthétique antagoniste de la progestérone) sur la tumorigenèse mammaire est associé à un profil d'expression tumorale de gènes impliqués dans les processus de régulation de l'inflammation et de l'invasion des cellules cancéreuses

The Chemopreventive Effect of Mifepristone on Mammary Tumorigenesis is Associated with an Anti-invasive and Anti-inflammatory Gene Signature

Yuan, Hongyan ; Upadhyay, Geeta ; Lu, Jin ; Kopelovich, Levy ; Glazer, Robert I.

Progesterone receptor (PR) antagonists are potent antitumor agents in carcinogen and progestin-dependent mammary tumorigenesis models through both PR and non-PR-mediated mechanisms. The PR antagonist mifepristone/RU486 has been used primarily as an abortifacient possessing high affinity for both the PR and glucocorticoid receptors (GR). To determine whether mifepristone would be effective as a chemopreventive agent, we assessed its effect on progestin/DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis in [...]

Menée sur des lapins et à l'aide de kératinocytes humains de la cavité buccale, cette étude évalue la pharmacocinétique et l'efficacité du fenrétinide (un rétinoïde synthétique), administré au moyen d'un patch mucoadhésif, dans la chimioprévention des cancers de la cavité buccale

Evaluation of a Mucoadhesive Fenretinide Patch for Local Intraoral Delivery: A Strategy to Re-introduce Fenretinide for Oral Cancer Chemoprevention

Holpuch, Andrew S. ; Phelps, Maynard P. ; Desai, Kashappa-Goud H. ; Chen, Wei ; Koutras, George M. ; Han, Byungdo ; Warner, Blake M. ; Pei, Ping ; Seghi, Garrett A. ; Tong, Meng ; Border, Michael B. ; Fields, Henry W. ; Stoner, Gary D. ; Larsen, Peter E. ; Liu, Zhongfa ; Schwendeman, Steven P. ; Mallery, Susan R.

Systemic delivery of fenretinide in oral cancer chemoprevention trials has been largely unsuccessful due to dose-limiting toxicities and sub-therapeutic intra-oral drug levels. Local drug delivery, however, provides site-specific therapeutically-relevant levels while minimizing systemic exposure. These studies evaluated the pharmacokinetic and growth-modulatory parameters of fenretinide mucoadhesive patch application on rabbit buccal mucosa. Fenretinide and blank-control patches were placed on [...]

A partir d'un modèle mathématique simulant la transmission hétérosexuelle du papillomavirus humain de type 16/18 au sein de la population française, cette étude évalue l'effet de différentes stratégies de vaccination sur l'évolution de l'incidence du cancer du col de l'utérus

Efficacy of Vaccination against HPV Infections to Prevent Cervical Cancer in France: Present Assessment and Pathways to Improve Vaccination Policies

Ribassin-Majed, Laureen ; Lounes, Rachid ; Clémençon, Stephan

Background : Seventy percent of sexually active individuals will be infected with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) during their lifetime. These infections are incriminated for almost all cervical cancers. In France, 3,068 new cases of cervical cancer and 1,067 deaths from cervical cancer occurred in 2005. Two vaccines against HPV infections are currently available and vaccination policies aim to decrease the incidence of HPV infections and of cervical cancers. In France, vaccine coverage has been [...]

A partir d'une enquête en ligne auprès de 499 participants adultes fumeurs ou non fumeurs, cette étude évalue l'intérêt d'un programme de sevrage tabagique sous forme de jeu vidéo

Prevalence of Video Game Use, Cigarette Smoking, and Acceptability of a Video Game–Based Smoking Cessation Intervention Among Online Adults

Raiff, Bethany R. ; Jarvis, Brantley P. ; Rapoza, Darion

Introduction: Video games may serve as an ideal platform for developing and implementing technology-based contingency management (CM) interventions for smoking cessation as they can be used to address a number of barriers to the utilization of CM (e.g., replacing monetary rewards with virtual game-based rewards). However, little is known about the relationship between video game playing and cigarette smoking. The current study determined the prevalence of video game use, video game practices, [...]