Menée au Japon à partir de données portant sur 95 915 participants âgés de 40 à 69 ans sur la période 1990-2012, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool et le risque de cancer de la vessie, selon la présence de rougeurs sur le visage, indiquant une exposition à l'acétaldéhyde liée au métabolisme de l'alcool (464 cas)

Alcohol consumption and bladder cancer risk with or without the flushing response: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study

Masaoka, Hiroyuki ; Matsuo, Keitaro ; Sawada, Norie ; Yamaji, Taiki ; Goto, Atsushi ; Shimazu, Taichi ; Iwasaki, Motoki ; Inoue, Manami ; Eto, Masatoshi ; Tsugane, Shoichiro ; for the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, Group

The association between alcohol consumption and bladder cancer risk has been insufficiently investigated in East Asian populations, who frequently have the inactive enzyme for metabolizing acetaldehyde. Given that acetaldehyde associated with alcohol consumption is assessed as a carcinogen, consideration of differences in acetaldehyde exposure would aid accuracy in assessing the bladder cancer risk associated with alcohol consumption. Here, we conducted a population-based cohort study in Japan [...]

Couplée aux données de la cohorte européenne EPIC et portant sur 2 982 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et sur 2 982 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre le niveau sanguin d'acides gras phospholipides et le risque de développer la maladie, en fonction de l'expression tumorale des récepteurs hormonaux

A prospective evaluation of plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in the EPIC study

V Chajès, ; N Assi, ; C Biessy, ; P Ferrari, ; S Rinaldi, ; N Slimani, ; GM Lenoir, ; L Baglietto, ; M His, ; MC Boutron-Ruault ; A Trichopoulou, ; P Lagiou, ; M Katsoulis, ; R Kaaks, ; T Kühn, ; S Panico, ; V Pala, ; G Masala, ; H.B Bueno-de-Mesquita, ; PH Peeters, ; C van Gils, ; A Hjartåker, ; Standahl K Olsen, ; Borgund R Barnung, ; A Barricarte, ; D Redondo- Sanchez, ; V Menéndez, ; P Amiano, ; M Wennberg, ; T Key, ; KT Khaw, ; MA Merritt, ; E Riboli, ; MJ Gunter, ; I Romieu

Background Intakes of specific fatty acids have been postulated to impact breast cancer risk but epidemiological data based on dietary questionnaires remain conflicting. Material and methods We assessed the association between plasma phospholipid fatty acids and breast cancer risk in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Sixty fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography in pre-diagnostic plasma phospholipids from [...]

A partir de données de 7 pays portant sur 2 000 patients atteints de gliome et sur 5 565 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle à 11 types de solvants et le risque de développer la maladie

Occupational solvent exposure and risk of glioma in the INTEROCC study

Benke, Geza ; Turner, Michelle C. ; Fleming, Sarah ; Figuerola, Jordi ; Kincl, Laurel ; Richardson, Lesley ; Blettner, Maria ; Hours, Martine ; Krewski, Daniel ; McLean, David ; Parent, Marie-Élise ; Sadetzki, Siegal ; Schlaefer, Klaus ; Schlehofer, Brigitte ; Siemiatycki, Jack ; van Tongeren, Martie ; Cardis, Elisabeth

Background: The aetiology of glioma remains largely unknown. Occupational solvent exposure has been suggested as a putative cause of glioma, but past studies have been inconsistent. We examined the association between a range of solvents and glioma risk within the INTEROCC project, a study of brain tumours and occupational exposures based on data from seven national case–control studies conducted in the framework of the INTERPHONE study. We also investigated associations according to tumour [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 5 788 patients pédiatriques atteints d'une leucémie diagnostiquée entre 1986 et 2006 et sur des témoins en population, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à des champs électromagnétiques sur le lieu de résidence et le risque de développer la maladie pendant l'enfance

Residential magnetic fields exposure and childhood leukemia: a population-based case–control study in California

Kheifets, Leeka ; Crespi, Catherine M. ; Hooper, Chris ; Cockburn, Myles ; Amoon, Aryana T. ; Vergara, Ximena P.

Purpose : Studies have reported an increased risk of childhood leukemia associated with exposure to magnetic fields. We conducted a large records-based case–control study of childhood leukemia risk and exposure to magnetic fields from power lines in California. Methods : The study included 5,788 childhood leukemia cases (born in and diagnosed in California 1986–2008) matched to population-based controls on age and sex. We calculated magnetic fields at birth addresses using geographic [...]

A partir de données d'études américaines incluant 1 632 patients atteintes d'un cancer de l'ovaire et 2 340 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'âge au moment de la première et dernière naissance, l'âge au moment de l'utilisation d'une contraception orale et le risque de développer la maladie

Timing of births and oral contraceptive use influences ovarian cancer risk

Wu, Anna H. ; Pearce, Celeste Leigh ; Lee, Alice W. ; Tseng, Chiuchen ; Jotwani, Anjali ; Patel, Prusha ; Pike, Malcolm C.

Increasing parity and duration of combined oral contraceptive (COC) use provide substantial protection against ovarian carcinoma (cancer). There are limited data on the impact of the age of the births or age of COC use on reducing ovarian cancer risk. Here, we examined the effects of age at first and last births and age at use of COCs using data from studies conducted in Los Angeles County, California, USA (1,632 cases, 2,340 controls). After adjusting for the number of births, every 5 years [...]

Menée en Suède à partir de données portant sur des patients atteints d'une polyarthrite rhumatoïde traitée par des biomédicaments immunomodulateurs, cette étude de cohorte analyse l'association entre un traitement par tocilizumab (1798 patients), abatacept (2 021 patients), rituximab (3 586 patients) ou un inhibiteur du TNF (15 129 patients) et le risque de cancer

Malignant neoplasms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, tocilizumab, abatacept, or rituximab in clinical practice: A nationwide cohort study from Sweden

Wadström, H. ; Frisell, T. ; Askling, J. ; for the Anti-Rheumatic Therapy in Sweden Study, Group

Importance : Considering the widespread and increasing use of biological immunomodulators (biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs [bDMARDs]) to treat chronic inflammatory conditions, and the concern that immunomodulation may alter cancer risk and progression, the limited available data on use of these therapies as used in clinical practice and cancer risks are a concern. Objective : To assess the risk of incident malignant neoplasms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir de données portant sur 219 335 hommes, cette étude de cohorte analyse les divers facteurs, endogènes ou comportementaux, associés au risque de cancer de la prostate (durée de suivi : 5,6 ans ; 4 575 cas)

Prospective investigation of risk factors for prostate cancer in the UK Biobank cohort study

Perez-Cornago, Aurora ; Key, Timothy J. ; Allen, Naomi E. ; Fensom, Georgina K. ; Bradbury, Kathryn E. ; Martin, Richard M. ; Travis, Ruth C.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in British men but its aetiology is not well understood. We aimed to identify risk factors for prostate cancer in British males. Methods: We studied 219 335 men from the UK Biobank study who were free from cancer at baseline. Exposure data were collected at recruitment. Prostate cancer risk by the different exposures was estimated using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Results: In all, 4575 incident cases of prostate [...]

Menée en Finlande à partir de données portant sur des échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 591 hommes 5 à 12 ans avant le diagnostic, cette étude de cohorte évalue l'association entre le niveau sérique d'insuline, le niveau de glucose, un indice permettant d'évaluer la résistance à l'insuline et le risque de développer un cancer du poumon

Serum Insulin, Glucose, Indices of Insulin Resistance, and Risk of Lung Cancer

Argirion, Ilona ; Weinstein, Stephanie J. ; Mannisto, Satu ; Albanes, Demetrius ; Mondul, Alison M.

Background: Although insulin may increase the risk of some cancers, few studies have examined fasting serum insulin and lung cancer risk. Methods: We examined serum insulin, glucose, and indices of insulin resistance [insulin:glucose molar ratio and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] and lung cancer risk using a case-cohort study within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study of Finnish men. A total of 196 cases and 395 subcohort members were [...]

A partir de données des essais "Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial" et "SELECT" portant sur des échantillons prélevés sur 100 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate et sur 200 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre une inflammation bénigne du tissu prostatique et le risque de développer la maladie

A Prospective Study of Chronic Inflammation in Benign Prostate Tissue and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Linked PCPT and SELECT Cohorts

Platz, Elizabeth A. ; Kulac, Ibrahim ; Barber, John R. ; Drake, Charles G. ; Joshu, Corinne E. ; Nelson, William G. ; Lucia, M. Scott ; Klein, Eric A. ; Lippman, Scott M. ; Parnes, Howard L. ; Thompson, Ian M. ; Goodman, Phyllis J. ; Tangen, Catherine M. ; De Marzo, Angelo M.

Background: We leveraged two trials to test the hypothesis of an inflammation–prostate cancer link prospectively in men without indication for biopsy. Methods: Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT) participants who had an end-of-study biopsy performed per protocol that was negative for cancer and who subsequently enrolled in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) were eligible. We selected all 100 cases and sampled 200 frequency-matched controls and used PCPT end-of-study [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 55 687 patientes afro-américaines, cette étude de cohorte prospective évalue l'association entre la croissance pendant la puberté, l'âge lors des premières règles, la taille à l'âge adulte et le risque de cancer invasif du sein (durée de suivi : 20 ans, 1 826 cas)

Pubertal growth and adult height in relation to breast cancer risk in African American women

Bertrand, Kimberly A. ; Gerlovin, Hanna ; Bethea, Traci N. ; Palmer, Julie R.

Adult height has been positively associated with breast cancer risk. The timing of pubertal growth—as measured by age at menarche and age at attained height—may also influence risk. We evaluated associations of adult height, age at attained height, and age at menarche with incidence of invasive breast cancer in 55,687 African American women in the prospective Black Women's Health Study. Over 20 years, 1,826 invasive breast cancers [1,015 estrogen receptor (ER) positive; 542 ER negative] [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de clichés mammographiques de patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein entre 2003 et 2012, cette étude évalue l'association entre la densité mammaire et le risque de développer la maladie par sous-type histologique

The Association of Mammographic Density and Molecular Breast Cancer Subtype

Edwards, Brandy L. ; Atkins, Kristen A. ; Stukenborg, George J. ; Novicoff, Wendy M. ; Larson, Krista N. ; Cohn, Wendy F. ; Harvey, Jennifer A. ; Schroen, Anneke T.

Background: Mammographic density (MD) is associated with increased breast cancer risk, yet limited data exist on an association between MD and breast cancer molecular subtypes. Methods: Women ages 18 years and older with breast cancer and available mammograms between 2003 and 2012 were enrolled in a larger study on MD. MD was classified by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) classification and by volumetric breast percent density (Volpara Solutions). Subtype was assigned by [...]