Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données d'enquêtes nationales conduites en 2013 et 2014 auprès de 9 734 femmes âgées de 18 à 34 ans et de 6 812 hommes âgés de 18 à 31 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre leur orientation sexuelle et le recours à la vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain

Sexual orientation identity disparities in human papillomavirus vaccination initiation and completion among young adult US women and men

Agénor, Madina ; Peitzmeier, Sarah M. ; Gordon, Allegra R. ; Charlton, Brittany M. ; Haneuse, Sebastien ; Potter, Jennifer ; Austin, S. Bryn

Purpose : To examine the association between sexual orientation identity and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination initiation and completion among both women and men. Methods : Using data from the 2013 and 2014 National Health Interview Survey, we estimated logistic regression models for the association between sexual orientation identity and HPV vaccination initiation (≥1 dose) and completion (≥3 doses) among US women and men in relation to sociodemographic and healthcare factors. Analyses [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 1980 et 2016 (174 articles) et à partir des données 2007-2010 de l'étude "Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health" de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé et des données 1999-2011 d'enquêtes nationales américaines de santé, cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre le niveau d'intensité de l'activité physique pratiquée et la réduction du risque de cancer (sein, côlon), de diabète, de maladies cardiaques ou d'accidents vasculaires cérébraux d'origine ischémique

Physical activity and risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and ischemic stroke events: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Kyu, Hmwe H ; Bachman, Victoria F ; Alexander, Lily T ; Mumford, John Everett ; Afshin, Ashkan ; Estep, Kara ; Veerman, J Lennert ; Delwiche, Kristen ; Iannarone, Marissa L ; Moyer, Madeline L ; Cercy, Kelly ; Vos, Theo ; Murray, Christopher J L ; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H

Objective : To quantify the dose-response associations between total physical activity and risk of breast cancer, colon cancer, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and ischemic stroke events. Design Systematic : review and Bayesian dose-response meta-analysis. Data sources : PubMed and Embase from 1980 to 27 February 2016, and references from relevant systematic reviews. Data from the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health conducted in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa from [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 16 722 participants (durée moyenne de suivi : 21,7 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'adhésion aux recommandations du "World Cancer Research Fund" et de l'"American Institute for Cancer Research" en matière de prévention des cancers et la mortalité toutes causes confondues (3 730 cas) ou la mortalité par cancer (1 332 cas)

Adherence to the cancer prevention recommendations of the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research and mortality : a census-linked cohort

Lohse, Tina ; Faeh, David ; Bopp, Matthias ; Rohrmann, Sabine ; for the Swiss National Cohort Study Group

Background : Modifiable lifestyle factors linked to cancer offer great potential for prevention. Previous studies suggest an association between adherence to recommendations on healthy lifestyle and cancer mortality. Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine whether adherence to the cancer prevention recommendations of the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) is associated with reduced all-cause, total cancer, and specific cancer type [...]

Menée en Australie, cette étude en population analyse les effets des résultats de tests génétiques de susceptibilité au syndrome de Lynch sur les changements de comportements de santé, notamment en matière de recours à des coloscopies ou de cessation du tagagisme pour prévenir le cancer colorectal

The impact of receiving predictive genetic information about Lynch syndrome on individual colonoscopy and smoking behaviours

Kim, Joanne Soo-Min ; Coyte, Peter C ; Cotterchio, Michelle ; Keogh, Louise A ; Flander, Louisa B. ; Gaff, Clara ; Laporte, Audrey

Background:This study investigated whether receiving the results of predictive genetic testing for Lynch syndrome-indicating the presence or absence of an inherited predisposition to various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC)-was associated with change in individual colonoscopy and smoking behaviours, which could prevent CRC. Methods:The study population included individuals with no previous diagnosis of CRC, whose families had already-identified deleterious mutations in the MMR or [...]

Menée auprès d'une cohorte de 22 041 participants (âge supérieur ou égal à 45 ans ; période de suivi : 10 ans), cette étude évalue, en fonction de l'origine ethnique, l'association entre l'adhésion à différents types de régime alimentaire (riche en féculents, en sucre et/ou en graisses, en légumes et en fruits, ...) et le risque de décès par cancer (873 cas)

A prospective study of dietary patterns and cancer mortality among Blacks and Whites in the REGARDS cohort

Akinyemiju, Tomi ; Moore, Justin Xavier ; Pisu, Maria ; Lakoski, Susan G. ; Shikany, James ; Goodman, Michael ; Judd, Suzanne E.

Marked racial differences exist in dietary patterns and obesity, as well as cancer mortality. This study aims to assess whether dietary patterns are associated with cancer mortality overall and by race. We identified 22,041 participants from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Dietary patterns were categorized into: Convenience (Chinese and Mexican foods, pasta, pizza), Plant-based (fruits, vegetables), Southern (added fats, fried foods, sugar-sweetened [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 131 342 participants (64,7 % de femmes ; durée de suivi : 22 ou 26 ans selon la cohorte), cette étude évalue l'association entre deux types de régime alimentaire, l'un riche en protéines animales, l'autre riche en protéines végétales, et la mortalité toutes causes confondues ou le risque de décès par maladie cardiovasculaire, cancer ou autres causes

Association of animal and plant protein intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality

Song, M. ; Fung, T. T. ; Hu, F. B. ; et al.,

Importance : Defining what represents a macronutritionally balanced diet remains an open question and a high priority in nutrition research. Although the amount of protein may have specific effects, from a broader dietary perspective, the choice of protein sources will inevitably influence other components of diet and may be a critical determinant for the health outcome. Objective : To examine the associations of animal and plant protein intake with the risk for mortality. Design, Setting, and [...]

Menée en Italie à partir de données de 3 études, cette étude évalue l'association entre une alimentation de type méditerranéen et le risque de cancer colorectal (3 745 cas et 6 804 témoins)

Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a pooled analysis of three Italian case-control studies

Rosato, Valentina ; Guercio, Valentina ; Bosetti, Cristina ; Negri, Eva ; Serraino, Diego ; Giacosa, Attilio ; Montella, Maurizio ; La Vecchia, Carlo ; Tavani, Alessandra

Background: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduced risk of several cancers. However, studies conducted in Mediterranean regions are scanty. Methods: To investigate the relation between MD and colorectal cancer risk in Italy, we pooled data from three case–control studies, including a total of 3745 colorectal cancer cases and 6804 hospital controls. Adherence to the MD was assessed using an a priori Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), based on nine components. Results: [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature (15 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation de lycopène, un caroténoïde, et le risque de cancer colorectal

Lycopene Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer : A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Wang, Xin ; Yang, Hui-Hui ; Liu, Yan ; Zhou, Quan ; Chen, Zi-Hua

A number of epidemiological studies have explored the association between lycopene or lycopene-rich food intake and the risk of colorectal cancer, but the results of these studies have not been consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published in the PubMed and EMBASE databases to quantitatively assess the association between lycopene consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer. A total of 15 studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the summary [...]

A partir des données des cohortes "Nurses' Health Study" et "Health Professionals Follow-Up Study" incluant respectivement 88 509 femmes et 47 740 hommes, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation de calcium et le risque de cancer colorectal, sur la période 1980-2012

Calcium intake and colorectal cancer risk: Results from the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study

Zhang, Xuehong ; Keum, NaNa ; Wu, Kana ; Smith-Warner, Stephanie A. ; Ogino, Shuji ; Chan, Andrew T. ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Giovannucci, Edward L.

The relationship between calcium intake and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk remains inconclusive. We conducted this study to evaluate whether the association between calcium intake and CRC risk differs by anatomic subsite and determine the dose–response relationship for this association, as well as assess when in carcinogenesis calcium may play a role. We assessed calcium intake every 4 years and followed 88,509 women (1980–2012) in the Nurses' Health Study and 47,740 men (1986–2012) in the Health [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 90 516 participantes âgées de 27 à 44 ans (période de suivi : 1991-2013), cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation, depuis l'adolescence, de céréales complètes ou raffinées et le risque de cancer invasif du sein avant la ménopause (3 235 cas)

Lifetime grain consumption and breast cancer risk

Farvid, Maryam S. ; Cho, Eunyoung ; Eliassen, A. Heather ; Chen, Wendy Y. ; Willett, Walter C.

We evaluated individual grain-containing foods and whole and refined grain intake during adolescence, early adulthood, and premenopausal years in relation to breast cancer risk in the Nurses’ Health Study II. Grain-containing food intakes were reported on a baseline dietary questionnaire (1991) and every 4 years thereafter. Among 90,516 premenopausal women aged 27–44 years, we prospectively identified 3235 invasive breast cancer cases during follow-up to 2013. 44,263 women reported their diet [...]

Menée en Italie à partir de questionnaires auprès de 500 patients atteints d'un cancer de la tête et du cou et auprès de 433 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre un régime alimentaire de type méditerranéen et le risque de développer la maladie, par localisation (larynx, cavité buccale, ...)

Association between Mediterranean diet and head and neck cancer : results of a large case-control study in Italy

Giraldi, Luca ; Panic, Nikola ; Cadoni, Gabriella ; Boccia, Stefania ; Leoncini, Emanuele

The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a known protective factor for head and neck cancer (HNC) ; however, there is still a lack of studies investigating this association by HNC subsite. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the association between adherence to MD and HNC overall and by cancer subsite, as well as the effect of the individual food components on HNC risk. A case-control study was carried out at the Gemelli Hospital of Rome (Italy). A total of 500 HNC cases and 433 [...]

Menée à partir de données danoises portant sur 177 992 témoins et 35 600 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate diagnostiqué entre 2000 et 2012, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation régulière de faibles doses d'aspirine ou d'autres anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de développer la maladie

Low-dose aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and prostate cancer risk: a nationwide study

Skriver, Charlotte ; Dehlendorff, Christian ; Borre, Michael ; Brasso, Klaus ; Sørensen, Henrik Toft ; Hallas, Jesper ; Larsen, Signe Benzon ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Friis, Søren

Purpose : Increasing evidence suggests that aspirin use may protect against prostate cancer. In a nationwide case–control study, using Danish high-quality registry data, we evaluated the association between the use of low-dose aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the risk of prostate cancer. Methods : We identified 35,600 patients (cases) with histologically verified prostate cancer during 2000–2012. Cases were matched to 177,992 population controls on age and [...]

Menée en Espagne à partir de données portant sur 1 736 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein et sur 1 895 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une utilisation de médicaments anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et le risque de la maladie

Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of breast cancer: The Spanish Multi-Case-control (MCC) study

Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad ; Gómez-Acebo, Inés ; de Pedro, María ; Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz ; Servitja, Sònia ; Moreno, Víctor ; Amiano, Pilar ; Fernandez-Villa, Tania ; Barricarte, Aurelio ; Tardon, Adonina ; Diaz-Santos, Marian ; Peiro-Perez, Rosana ; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael ; Lope, Virginia ; Gràcia-Lavedan, Esther ; Alonso, M. Henar ; Michelena-Echeveste, Maria Jesus ; Garcia-Palomo, Andrés ; Guevara, Marcela ; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma ; Aragonés, Nuria ; Kogevinas, Manolis ; Pollan, Marina ; Llorca, Javier

Background : The relationship between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) consumption and breast cancer has been repeatedly studied, although the results remain controversial. Most case-control studies reported that NSAID consumption protected against breast cancer, while most cohort studies did not find this effect. Most studies have dealt with NSAIDs as a whole group or with specific drugs, such aspirin, ibuprofen, or others, but not with NSAID subgroups according to the Anatomical [...]

Menée à partir de données d'enquêtes réalisées sur la période 1990-2007 auprès d'échantillons représentatifs de la population de 9 pays européens, cette étude analyse, en fonction de catégories socio-économiques, l'effet de politiques de lutte antitabac sur la prévalence du tabagisme

The impact of tobacco control policies on smoking among socioeconomic groups in nine European countries, 1990-2007

Hu, Yannan ; van Lenthe, Frank J. ; Platt, Stephen ; Bosdriesz, Jizzo R. ; Lahelma, Eero ; Menvielle, Gwenn ; Regidor, Enrique ; Santana, Paula ; de Gelder, Rianne ; Mackenbach, Johan P.

Background : It is uncertain whether tobacco control policies have contributed to a narrowing or widening of socioeconomic inequalities in smoking in European countries during the past two decades. This paper aims to investigate the impact of price and non-price related population-wide tobacco control policies on smoking by socioeconomic group in nine European countries between 1990 and 2007. Methods : Individual-level education, occupation and smoking status were obtained from nationally [...]