Menée en France auprès de 1 976 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon et de 2 648 témoins, cette étude quantifie les effets du tabagisme et de diverses expositions professionnelles (à l'amiante, à la silice, à des fumées de moteurs diesel) dans l'association entre le niveau d'éducation et le risque du cancer du poumon chez les hommes

Quantifying the mediating effects of smoking and occupational exposures in the relation between education and lung cancer: the ICARE study

Menvielle, Gwenn ; Franck, Jeanna-eve ; Radoi, Loredana ; Sanchez, Marie ; Févotte, Joëlle ; Guizard, Anne-Valérie ; Stücker, Isabelle ; Luce, Danièle

Smoking only partly explains the higher lung cancer incidence observed among socially deprived people. Occupational exposures may account for part of these inequalities, but this issue has been little investigated. We investigated the extent to which smoking and occupational exposures to asbestos, silica and diesel motor exhaust mediated the association between education and lung cancer incidence in men. We analyzed data from a large French population-based case–control study (1976 lung [...]

Menée en Australie à partir de données portant sur 13 630 femmes ayant eu leur premier enfant après 20 ans, sans antécédent de cancer et âgées de 40 à 69 ans lors de leur inclusion dans la cohorte, cette étude évalue l'association entre une consommation d'alcool avant la grossesse et le risque de cancer du sein

Is breast cancer risk associated with alcohol intake before first full-term pregnancy?

Jayasekara, Harindra ; MacInnis, Robert J. ; Hodge, Allison M. ; Room, Robin ; Milne, Roger L. ; Hopper, John L. ; Giles, Graham G. ; English, Dallas R.

Purpose : It is plausible that breast tissue is particularly susceptible to carcinogens, including ethanol, between menarche and the first full-term pregnancy (“first pregnancy”). There is some epidemiological evidence that intake before the first pregnancy is more closely associated with risk of breast cancer than is intake thereafter. We examined this association using lifetime alcohol consumption data from a prospective cohort study. Methods : We calculated usual alcohol intake for age [...]

A partir d'une revue sytématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en 2015 (9 études cas-témoins, 3 études de cohorte prospective, 11 271 patients), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation de volailles et d'œufs et le risque de lymphome non-hodgkinien

Lack of association of poultry and eggs intake with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Dong, Y. ; Wu, G.

We carried out a meta-analysis to explore the association between poultry and eggs consumption and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk according to the published observational studies. A search of databases was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE from their inception to March 2015. We derived meta-analytic estimates using random-effects models, and assessed between-study heterogeneity using the Cochran's Q and I2 statistics. We identified a total of nine case–control and three prospective cohort [...]

A partir des données de la cohorte américaine "Nurses’ Health Study II", cette étude évalue l'association entre l'évolution de l'adiposité tout au long de la vie et le risque de cancer du sein après la ménopause (1 574 cas de 1991 à 2009)

Body fatness throughout the life course and the incidence of premenopausal breast cancer

Xue, Fei ; Rosner, Bernard ; Eliassen, Heather ; Michels, Karin B.

Background: The role of body fatness in the aetiology of breast cancer is complex. We evaluated the independent and synergistic effects of body fatness, at different stages throughout a woman’s life course, on premenopausal breast cancer risk. Methods: Premenopausal participants of the Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII) were followed from 1991 up to 2009. Body fatness factors including birthweight, somatotype (a 9-level pictogram with level 1 being the leanest) at ages 5 and 10 years and body mass [...]

Menée en Espagne auprès de 321 patients atteints d'une leucémie lymphocytaire chronique et de 1 728 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le travail de nuit posté et le risque de la maladie

Night shift work and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the MCC-Spain case–control study

Costas, Laura ; Benavente, Yolanda ; Olmedo-Requena, Rocío ; Casabonne, Delphine ; Robles, Claudia ; Gonzalez-Barca, Eva-Maria ; de la Banda, Esmeralda ; Alonso, Esther ; Aymerich, Marta ; Tardon, Adonina ; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael ; Gimeno-Vázquez, Eva ; Gómez-Acebo, Inés ; Papantoniou, Kyriaki ; Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma ; Aragonés, Nuria ; Pollan, Marina ; Kogevinas, Manolis ; de Sanjose, Silvia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has few known modifiable risk factors. Recently, circadian disruption has been proposed as a potential contributor to lymphoid neoplasms' etiology. Serum melatonin levels have been found to be significantly lower in CLL subjects compared with healthy controls, and also, CLL prognosis has been related to alterations in the circadian molecular signaling. We performed the first investigation of an association between night shift work and CLL in 321 incident CLL [...]

Menée au Canada à partir de données portant sur 1 638 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate et sur 1 697 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition d'origine professionnelle aux rayonnements solaires et le risque de la maladie

Occupational exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and the risk of prostate cancer

Peters, Cheryl E ; Demers, Paul A ; Kalia, Sunil ; Hystad, Perry ; Villeneuve, Paul J ; Nicol, Anne-Marie ; Kreiger, Nancy ; Koehoorn, Mieke W

Objectives : Preventable risk factors for prostate cancer are poorly understood; sun exposure is a possible protective factor. The goal of this study was to investigate prostate cancer risk in outdoor workers, a population with high sun exposure. Methods : Prostate cancer cases and controls from a large study (conducted between 1994 and 1997) were used for this analysis. A job exposure matrix (JEM) was used to assign solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) at work as moderate (2 to <6 hours [...]

Menée en Finlande à partir de données de registres portant sur 1 093 patients atteints de leucémie pédiatrique et de 3 279 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition à de faibles doses de rayonnements ionisants gamma et le risque de la maladie, en prenant en compte le poids de naissance, le tabagisme maternel et l'existence d'une trisomie 21

Background radiation and childhood leukemia: A nationwide register-based case-control study

Nikkilä, Atte ; Erme, Sini ; Arvela, Hannu ; Holmgren, Olli ; Raitanen, Jani ; Lohi, Olli ; Auvinen, Anssi

High doses of ionizing radiation are an established cause of childhood leukemia. However, substantial uncertainty remains about the effect of low doses of radiation, including background radiation and potential differences between genetic subgroups of leukemia have rarely been explored. We investigated the effect of the background gamma radiation on childhood leukemia using a nationwide register-based case-control study. For each of the 1,093 cases, three age- and gender matched controls were [...]

A partir des données des registres finlandais, norvégien et suédois des cancers, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition parentale d'origine professionnelle à des métaux lourds et à des émanations de soudure, avant la conception ou pendant la grossesse, et le risque de tumeurs germinales testiculaires chez l'enfant (8 112 cas, 26 264 témoins)

Parental occupational exposure to heavy metals and welding fumes and risk of testicular germ cell tumors in offspring: a registry-based case-control study

Togawa, Kayo ; Le Cornet, Charlotte ; Feychting, Maria ; Tynes, Tore ; Pukkala, Eero ; Hansen, Johnni ; Olsson, Ann ; Oksbjerg Dalton, Susanne ; Nordby, Karl-Christian ; Uuksulainen, Sanni ; Wiebert, Pernilla ; Woldbæk, Torill ; Skakkebæk, Niels E ; Fervers, Beatrice ; Schüz, Joachim

Background: Data are scarce on the association between prenatal/preconception environmental exposure and testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) in offspring. We examined parental occupational exposures to heavy metals and welding fumes in relation to TGCT in offspring in a registry-based case-control study (NORD-TEST Study). Methods: We identified TGCT cases diagnosed at ages 14-49 years in Finland (1988-2012), Norway (1978-2010), and Sweden (1979-2011) through nationwide cancer registries. These [...]

A partir de données portant sur 641 patientes afro-américaines atteintes d'un cancer de l'ovaire et sur 752 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des facteurs reproductifs (contraception orale, caractéristiques liées à la grossesse, allaitement) et le risque de la maladie

Reproductive Factors and Ovarian Cancer Risk in African American Women

Moorman, Patricia G. ; Alberg, Anthony J. ; Bandera, Elisa V. ; Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill ; Bondy, Melissa ; Coté, Michele L. ; Funkhouser, Ellen ; Peters, Edward S. ; Schwartz, Ann G. ; Terry, Paul ; Crankshaw, Sydnee ; Wang, Frances ; Schildkraut, Joellen M.

Purpose : Reproductive characteristics, the most established ovarian cancer risk factors, differ markedly between African American and White women. Studies in predominantly White populations suggest that associations between reproductive characteristics and ovarian cancer vary by timing of the events and menopause status. This analysis examined associations between number, duration and timing of reproductive events and epithelial ovarian cancer among African American women. Methods : Data from [...]

Cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par Helicobacter pylori, l'instabilité microsatellitaire mitochondriale et la carcinogénèse gastrique

H. pylori infection is related to mitochondrial microsatellite instability in gastric carcinogenesis

Ling, Xianlong ; Zhang, Haoxiang ; Shen, Caifei ; Yan, Wu ; Wang, Pu ; Feng, Ji ; Peng, Zhihong ; Peng, Guiyong ; Chen, Wensheng ; Fang, Dianchun

Background : To assess the correlation of H. pylori infection with mitochondrial microsatellite instability (mtMSI) and IL-8 in gastric carcinogenesis. Methods : H. pylori infection was evaluated through histology and a urease breath test; mtMSI was measured using PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP); IL-8 was analyzed with ELISA methods. Results : The detection rate of mtMSI was significantly higher in specimens with H. pylori infection than in those without H. pylori [...]

Menée au Danemark à partir d'échantillons tumoraux fixés au formol et inclus en paraffine prélevés sur 198 patientes atteintes d'un cancer épithélial de l'ovaire, cette étude évalue l'association entre une infection par le papillomavirus humain et le risque de la maladie

High-risk HPV is not associated with epithelial ovarian cancer in a Caucasian population

Ingerslev, Kasper ; Hogdall, Estrid ; Skovrider-Ruminski, Wojciech ; Schnack, Tine Henrichsen ; Karlsen, Mona Aarenstrup ; Nedergaard, Lotte ; Hogdall, Claus ; Blaakær, Jan

Background : High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been suspected to play a role in the carcinogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, results from previous studies are conflicting. In most of these studies, the number of tissue samples was small. The current study was therefore undertaken to examine the prevalence of high-risk HPV DNA in EOC in a large series of patients. Method : Formalin-fixed, paraffin-imbedded tumor tissue samples from 198 cases consecutively included in [...]

Cet article passe en revue les études sur la proportion de cancers attribuables à divers facteurs de risques modifiables (tabagisme, alcool, surpoids, inactivité physique, exposition solaire, etc.)

The fractions of cancer attributable to modifiable factors: A global review

Whiteman, David C. ; Wilson, Louise F.

Worldwide, the burden of cancer is rising, stimulating efforts to develop strategies to control these diseases. Primary prevention, a key control strategy, aims to reduce cancer incidence through programs directed towards reducing population exposure to known causal factors. Before enacting such strategies, it is necessary to estimate the likely effect on cancer incidence if exposures to known causal factors were reduced or eliminated. The population attributable fraction (PAF) is the [...]

A partir des données de deux études françaises cas-témoins ("ESTELLE" et "ESCALE") et d'entretiens auprès des mères, cette étude évalue l'association entre des caractéristiques liées à la grossesse et périnatales (anomalies de croissance du foetus, malformations congénitales) et le risque de neuroblastome (357 cas,1 783 témoins âgés de moins de 6 ans)

Risk of neuroblastoma, birth-related characteristics, congenital malformations and perinatal exposures: A pooled analysis of the ESCALE and ESTELLE French studies (SFCE)

Rios, Paula ; Bailey, Helen D. ; Orsi, Laurent ; Lacour, Brigitte ; Valteau-Couanet, Dominique ; Levy, Dominique ; Corradini, Nadège ; Leverger, Guy ; Defachelles, Anne-Sophie ; Gambart, Marion ; Sirvent, Nicolas ; Thebaud, Estelle ; Ducassou, Stéphane ; Clavel, Jacqueline

Neuroblastoma (NB), an embryonic tumour arising from neural crest cells, is the most common malignancy among infants. The aetiology of NB is largely unknown. We conducted a pooled analysis to explore whether there is an association between NB and preconception and perinatal factors using data from two French national population-based case-control studies. The mothers of 357 NB cases and 1783 controls younger than 6 years, frequency-matched by age and gender, responded to a telephone interview [...]

A partir de données portant sur 112 349 cas de cancer (sein, ovaire, prostate) et 116 421 témoins en population d'origine européenne, cette méta-analyse identifie plusieurs loci de susceptibilité communs à deux -voire trois- types de cancer

Genome-Wide Meta-Analyses of Breast, Ovarian, and Prostate Cancer Association Studies Identify Multiple New Susceptibility Loci Shared by at Least Two Cancer Types

Kar, Siddhartha P. ; Beesley, Jonathan ; Amin Al Olama, Ali ; Michailidou, Kyriaki ; Tyrer, Jonathan ; Kote-Jarai, Zsofia ; Lawrenson, Kate ; Lindström, Sara ; Ramus, Susan J. ; Thompson, Deborah J. ; ABCTB Investigators ; Kibel, Adam S. ; Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Agnieszka ; Michael, Agnieszka ; Dieffenbach, Aida K. ; Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra ; Whittemore, Alice S. ; Wolk, Alicja ; Monteiro, Alvaro ; Peixoto, Ana ; Kierzek, Andrzej ; Cox, Angela ; Rudolph, Anja ; Gonzalez-Neira, Anna ; Wu, Anna H. ; Lindblom, Annika ; Swerdlow, Anthony ; Aocs Study Group ; Australian Cancer Study ; APCB BioResource ; Ziogas, Argyrios ; Ekici, Arif B. ; Burwinkel, Barbara ; Karlan, Beth Y. ; Nordestgaard, Børge G. ; Blomqvist, Carl ; Phelan, Catherine ; McLean, Catriona ; Pearce, Celeste Leigh ; Vachon, Celine ; Cybulski, Cezary ; Slavov, Chavdar ; Stegmaier, Christa ; Maier, Christiane ; Ambrosone, Christine B. ; Høgdall, Claus K. ; Teerlink, Craig C. ; Kang, Daehee ; Tessier, Daniel C. ; Schaid, Daniel J. ; Stram, Daniel O. ; Cramer, Daniel W. ; Neal, David E. ; Eccles, Diana ; Flesch-Janys, Dieter ; Edwards, Digna R. Velez ; Wokozorczyk, Dominika ; Levine, Douglas A. ; Yannoukakos, Drakoulis ; Sawyer, Elinor J. ; Bandera, Elisa V. ; Poole, Elizabeth M. ; Goode, Ellen L. ; Khusnutdinova, Elza ; Høgdall, Estrid ; Song, Fengju ; Bruinsma, Fiona ; Heitz, Florian ; Modugno, Francesmary ; Hamdy, Freddie C. ; Wiklund, Fredrik ; Giles, Graham G. ; Olsson, Håkan ; Wildiers, Hans ; Ulmer, Hans-Ulrich ; Pandha, Hardev ; Risch, Harvey A. ; Darabi, Hatef ; Salvesen, Helga B. ; Nevanlinna, Heli ; Gronberg, Henrik ; Brenner, Hermann ; Brauch, Hiltrud ; Anton-Culver, Hoda ; Song, Honglin ; Lim, Hui-Yi ; McNeish, Iain ; Campbell, Ian ; Vergote, Ignace ; Gronwald, Jacek ; Lubinski, Jan ; Stanford, Janet L. ; Benítez, Javier ; Doherty, Jennifer A. ; Permuth, Jennifer B. ; Chang-Claude, Jenny ; Donovan, Jenny L. ; Dennis, Joe ; Schildkraut, Joellen M. ; Schleutker, Johanna ; Hopper, John L. ; Kupryjanczyk, Jolanta ; Park, Jong Y. ; Figueroa, Jonine ; Clements, Judith A. ; Knight, Julia A. ; Peto, Julian ; Cunningham, Julie M. ; Pow-Sang, Julio ; Batra, Jyotsna ; Czene, Kamila ; Lu, Karen H. ; Herkommer, Kathleen ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; kConFab Investigators ; Matsuo, Keitaro ; Muir, Kenneth ; Offitt, Kenneth ; Chen, Kexin ; Moysich, Kirsten B. ; Aittomaki, Kristiina ; Odunsi, Kunle ; Kiemeney, Lambertus A. ; Massuger, Leon F.A.G. ; FitzGerald, Liesel M. ; Cook, Linda S. ; Cannon-Albright, Lisa ; Hooning, Maartje J. ; Pike, Malcolm C. ; Bolla, Manjeet K. ; Luedeke, Manuel ; Teixeira, Manuel R. ; Goodman, Marc T. ; Schmidt, Marjanka K. ; Riggan, Marjorie ; Aly, Markus ; Rossing, Mary Anne ; Beckmann, Matthias W. ; Moisse, Matthieu ; Sanderson, Maureen ; Southey, Melissa C. ; Jones, Michael ; Lush, Michael ; Hildebrandt, Michelle A.T. ; Hou, Ming-Feng ; Schoemaker, Minouk J. ; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat ; Bogdanova, Natalia ; Rahman, Nazneen ; NBCS Investigators ; Le, Nhu D. ; Orr, Nick ; Wentzensen, Nicolas ; Pashayan, Nora ; Peterlongo, Paolo ; Guénel, Pascal ; Brennan, Paul ; Paulo, Paula ; Webb, Penelope M. ; Broberg, Per ; Fasching, Peter A. ; Devilee, Peter ; Wang, Qin ; Cai, Qiuyin ; Li, Qiyuan ; Kaneva, Radka ; Butzow, Ralf ; Kopperud, Reidun Kristin ; Schmutzler, Rita K. ; Stephenson, Robert A. ; MacInnis, Robert J. ; Hoover, Robert N. ; Winqvist, Robert ; Ness, Roberta ; Milne, Roger L. ; Travis, Ruth C. ; Benlloch, Sara ; Olson, Sara H. ; McDonnell, Shannon K. ; Tworoger, Shelley S. ; Maia, Sofia ; Berndt, Sonja ; Lee, Soo Chin ; Teo, Soo-Hwang ; Thibodeau, Stephen N. ; Bojesen, Stig E. ; Gapstur, Susan M. ; Kjær, Susanne Krüger ; Pejovic, Tanja ; Tammela, Teuvo L.J. ; The GENICA Network ; the PRACTICAL consortium ; Dörk, Thilo ; Brüning, Thomas ; Wahlfors, Tiina ; Key, Tim J. ; Edwards, Todd L. ; Menon, Usha ; Hamann, Ute ; Mitev, Vanio ; Kosma, Veli-Matti ; Setiawan, Veronica Wendy ; Kristensen, Vessela ; Arndt, Volker ; Vogel, Walther ; Zheng, Wei ; Sieh, Weiva ; Blot, William J. ; Kluzniak, Wojciech ; Shu, Xiao-Ou ; Gao, Yu-Tang ; Schumacher, Fredrick ; Freedman, Matthew L. ; Berchuck, Andrew ; Dunning, Alison M. ; Simard, Jacques ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Spurdle, Amanda ; Sellers, Thomas A. ; Hunter, David J. ; Henderson, Brian E. ; Kraft, Peter ; Chanock, Stephen J. ; Couch, Fergus J. ; Hall, Per ; Gayther, Simon A. ; Easton, Douglas F. ; Chenevix-Trench, Georgia ; Eeles, Rosalind ; Pharoah, Paul D.P. ; Lambrechts, Diether

Breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers are hormone-related and may have a shared genetic basis, but this has not been investigated systematically by genome-wide association (GWA) studies. Meta-analyses combining the largest GWA meta-analysis data sets for these cancers totaling 112,349 cases and 116,421 controls of European ancestry, all together and in pairs, identified at P < 10−8 seven new cross-cancer loci: three associated with susceptibility to all three cancers (rs17041869/2q13/BCL2L11; [...]

Menée sur 7 704 patients atteints d'un carcinome épidermoïde cutané et 292 076 témoins, cette étude identifie de nouveaux loci de susceptibilité à la maladie

Genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptibility loci for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Chahal, Harvind S. ; Lin, Yuan ; Ransohoff, Katherine J. ; Hinds, David A. ; Wu, Wenting ; Dai, Hong-Ji ; Qureshi, Abrar A. ; Li, Wen-Qing ; Kraft, Peter ; Tang, Jean Y. ; Han, Jiali ; Sarin, Kavita Y.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma represents the second most common cutaneous malignancy, affecting 7-11% of Caucasians in the United States. The genetic determinants of susceptibility to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma remain largely unknown. Here we report the results of a two-stage genome-wide association study of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, totalling 7,404 cases and 292,076 controls. Eleven loci reached genome-wide significance (P<5 [times] 10-8) including seven previously [...]

Menée en Suède à partir de données portant sur 51 897 frères de 32 807 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate, cette étude évalue l'association entre un antécédent familial d'un cancer de la prostate et le risque de la maladie, selon qu'il s'agisse d'un cancer de la prostate de faible risque ou de risque élevé

Family History and Probability of Prostate Cancer, Differentiated by Risk Category: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Bratt, Ola ; Drevin, Linda ; Akre, Olof ; Garmo, Hans ; Stattin, Pär

Background: Familial prostate cancer risk estimates are inflated by clinically insignificant low-risk cancer, diagnosed after prostate-specific antigen testing. We provide age-specific probabilities of non-low- and high-risk prostate cancer. Methods: Fifty-one thousand, eight hundred ninety-seven brothers of 32 807 men with prostate cancer were identified in Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden (PCBaSe). Nelson-Aalen estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for cumulative, [...]

Menée à Taïwan à partir de données portant sur 576 patients atteints d'un cancer de la tête et du cou et sur 740 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre des symptômes allergiques, le niveau sérique total d'immunoglobulines et le risque de la maladie

Allergy symptoms, serum total immunoglobulin E, and risk of head and neck cancer

Liao, Hsiao-Chen ; Wu, Shang-Yin ; Ou, Chun-Yen ; Hsiao, Jenn-Ren ; Huang, Jehn-Shyun ; Tsai, Sen-Tien ; Huang, Cheng-Chih ; Wong, Tung-Yiu ; Lee, Wei-Ting ; Chen, Ken-Chung ; Fang, Sheen-Yie ; Wu, Jiunn-Liang ; Huang, Tze-Ta ; Wu, Yuan-Hua ; Hsueh, Wei-Ting ; Yen, Chia-Jui ; Yang, Ming-Wei ; Lin, Forn-Chia ; Lai, Yu-Hsuan ; Chang, Jang-Yang ; Lin, Chen-Lin ; Wang, Yi-Hui ; Weng, Ya-Ling ; Yang, Han-Chien ; Chen, Yu-Shan ; Chang, Jeffrey S.

Purpose : Allergy symptoms have been associated with a reduced head and neck cancer (HNC) risk, while elevated blood immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels have been associated with an increased HNC risk. According to the “prophylaxis hypothesis,” allergic reaction is the body’s way of expelling carcinogens. IgE level may be increased by exposure to environmental carcinogens, including alcohol and cigarette smoke. We hypothesized that individuals with elevated serum IgE without allergy symptoms (i.e., [...]

Menée au Canada à partir d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 164 femmes porteuses d'une mutation BRCA1 ou BRCA2, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre le niveau plasmatique de folates et de vitamines B et le risque de cancer du sein

Plasma folate, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 and breast cancer risk in BRCA1- and BRCA2-mutation carriers: a prospective study

Kim, Shana J ; Zuchniak, Anna ; Sohn, Kyoung-Jin ; Lubinski, Jan ; Demsky, Rochelle ; Eisen, Andrea ; Akbari, Mohammad R ; Kim, Young-In ; Narod, Steven A ; Kotsopoulos, Joanne

Background: B vitamins [vitamins B-6, B-9 (folate), and B-12] play important roles in nucleotide biosynthesis and biological methylation reactions, aberrancies of which have all been implicated in carcinogenesis. In the general population, evidence has suggested that high circulating folate and folic acid (synthetic form of folate) supplement use may increase breast cancer risk, but the role of folate in BRCA-associated breast cancer is not clear. Objective: We prospectively evaluated the [...]