Menée sur une cohorte de 64 732 participantes âgées de 43 à 68 ans (durée de suivi : 15 ans), cette étude française évalue l'association entre différents modes de vie et le risque de cancer ainsi que la proportion et le type de cancers pouvant être évités par l'adoption de comportements de santé

Association between five lifestyle habits and cancer risk: Results from the E3N cohort

Dartois, Laureen ; Fagherazzi, Guy ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Mesrine, Sylvie ; Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise

Background : Although some modifiable lifestyle characteristics have been associated with decreased cancer risk, little is known about their combined effect or about the proportion of cancer cases that could be prevented by improving lifestyle behaviors. We aimed to quantify the association between lifestyle habits and all-site and site-specific cancer risk in middle-aged women. Methods : The study included 64 732 women from the French E3N prospective cohort, aged 43 to 68 at baseline. During a [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en février 2013 (19 essais, 68 954 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une supplémentation en acides gras oméga-3 et le risque de cancer, le risque de décès d'origne non vasculaire ainsi que la mortalité totale

Effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on cancer incidence, non-vascular death, and total mortality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Zhang, Yu-Fei ; Gao, Hong-Fang ; Hou, An-Ji ; Zhou, Yu-Hao

Background : Omega-3 fatty acids are known to prevent cardiac death. However, previous observational studies have suggested that omega-3 fatty acids are associated with cancer risk in adults. We conducted a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the risk of cancer incidence, nonvascular death, and total mortality. Methods : In February 2013, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library to identify [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 442 143 hommes et femmes de la cohorte EPIC (durée médiane de suivi : 11,1 ans), cette étude européenne évalue l'association entre la consommation de thé ou de café et le risque de cancer de l'œsophage (339 cas dont 142 cas d'adénocarcinome et 174 cas de carcinome épidermoïde)

Tea and coffee consumption and risk of esophageal cancer: The European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study

Zamora-Ros, Raul ; Luján-Barroso, Leila ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; Dik, Vincent K. ; Boeing, Heiner ; Steffen, Annika ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Olsen, Anja ; Bech, Bodil Hammer ; Overvad, Kim ; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine ; Racine, Antoine ; Fagherazzi, Guy ; Kühn, Tilman ; Katzke, Verena ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios ; Tumino, Rosario ; Panico, Salvatore ; Vineis, Paolo ; Grioni, Sara ; Palli, Domenico ; Weiderpass, Elisabete ; Skeie, Guri ; Huerta, José María ; Sánchez, María-José ; Argüelles, Marcial ; Amiano, Pilar ; Ardanaz, Eva ; Nilsson, Lena ; Wallner, Bengt ; Lindkvist, Björn ; Wallström, Peter ; Peeters, Petra H. M. ; Key, Timothy J. ; Khaw, Kay-Thee ; Wareham, Nicholas J. ; Freisling, Heinz ; Stepien, Magdalena ; Ferrari, Pietro ; Gunter, Marc J. ; Murphy, Neil ; Riboli, Elio ; González, Carlos A.

Epidemiological data regarding tea and coffee consumption and risk of esophageal cancer (EC) is still inconclusive. We examined the association of tea and coffee consumption with EC risk among 442,143 men and women without cancer at baseline from 9 countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Tea and coffee intakes were recorded using country-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Cox regression models were used to analyze the relationships between tea and [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès d'une cohorte de 43 268 hommes (âge moyen : 70 ans ; durée moyenne de suivi : 7,8 ans), cette étude prospective américaine évalue l'association entre la consommation de flavonoïdes ou de proanthocyanidines d'origine alimentaire et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Dietary Flavonoid and Proanthocyanidin Intakes and Prostate Cancer Risk in a Prospective Cohort of US Men

Wang, Ying ; Stevens, Victoria L. ; Shah, Roma ; Peterson, Julia J. ; Dwyer, Johanna T. ; Gapstur, Susan M. ; McCullough, Marjorie L.

Higher dietary intakes of flavonoids and proanthocyanidins have been associated with a lower risk of several cancers. Few prospective epidemiologic studies have examined individual flavonoids and proanthocyanidins in relation to prostate cancer. We examined these associations in a prospective US cohort of 43,268 men with a mean age of 70 years who completed detailed self-administered questionnaires in 1999–2000. During a mean follow-up of 7.8 years, 3,974 total prostate cancers, including 567 [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en juin 2013 (12 études cas-témoins : 7909 cas et 9 461 témoins ; 9 études de cohorte incluant au total 455 123 participants), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation de café et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis

Lu, Yu ; Zhai, Limin ; Zeng, Jie ; Peng, Qiliu ; Wang, Jian ; Deng, Yan ; Xie, Li ; Mo, Cuiju ; Yang, Shi ; Li, Shan ; Qin, Xue

Purpose : Many epidemiological studies have been conducted to explore the association between coffee consumption and prostate cancer. However, the results remain inconsistent. We performed a large meta-analysis of relevant studies to derive a more precise estimation of this relationship. Methods : Systematic searches of PubMed and several other databases up to June 2013 were retrieved. All epidemiologic studies regarding coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk were included, and odds ratios [...]

Menée à partir des données de deux études de cohorte incluant respectivement 121 700 femmes (âge : 30 à 55 ans) et 51 529 hommes (âge : 40 à 75 ans), cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre le niveau plasmatique de MIC-1, un marqueur de l'inflammation, et le risque de cancer colorectal, puis analyse les effets de l'aspirine et d'autres anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens sur ce risque

A Prospective Study of Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 (MIC-1/GDF15) and Risk of Colorectal Cancer

Mehta, Raaj S. ; Song, Mingyang ; Bezawada, Navya ; Wu, Kana ; Garcia-Albeniz, Xabier ; Morikawa, Teppei ; Fuchs, Charles S. ; Ogino, Shuji ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Chan, Andrew T.

Background : Chronic inflammation plays a role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). The novel plasma inflammatory biomarker macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1, GDF15) may have a direct mechanistic role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods : We conducted a prospective, nested, case–control study of incident CRC among men and women who provided a prediagnostic blood specimen. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure MIC-1 and examined associations between quintiles [...]

Menée sur des cellules humaines de cancer du sein triplement négatif et à l'aide de xénogreffes sur un modèle murin, cette étude montre qu'un dérivé synthétique de l'aspirine, la phospho-aspirine, peut inhiber la croissance des cellules tumorales via l'inhibition du récepteur EGFR, l'acétylation de p53 et l'induction d'un stress oxydant

Phospho-aspirin (MDC-22) inhibits breast cancer in preclinical animal models: an effect mediated by EGFR inhibition, p53 acetylation and oxidative stress

Huang, Liqun ; Wong, Chi ; Mackenzie, Gerardo ; Sun, Yu ; Cheng, Ka ; Vrankova, Kvetoslava ; Alston, Ninche ; Ouyang, Nengtai ; Rigas, Basil

Background : The anticancer properties of aspirin are restricted by its gastrointestinal toxicity and its limited efficacy. Therefore, we synthesized phospho-aspirin (PA-2; MDC-22), a novel derivative of aspirin, and evaluated its chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive efficacy in preclinical models of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Methods : Efficacy of PA-2 was evaluated in human breast cancer cells in vitro, and in orthotopic and subcutaneous TNBC xenografts in nude mice. Mechanistic [...]

Menée en Australie auprès de 11 949 jeunes femmes présentant des anomalies cervicales et 96 404 témoins (âge : entre 12 et 26 ans en 2007), cette étude évalue, en fonction du nombre de doses injectées, l'efficacité d'un vaccin quadrivalent contre le papillomavirus humain quatre ans après son implémentation dans un programme de vaccination

Effectiveness of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine for the prevention of cervical abnormalities: case-control study nested within a population based screening programme in Australia

Elizabeth Crowe ; Nirmala Pandeya ; Julia M L Brotherton ; Annette J Dobson ; Stephen Kisely ; Stephen B Lambert ; David C Whiteman

Objective : To measure the effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against cervical abnormalities four years after implementation of a nationally funded vaccination programme in Queensland, Australia. Design Case-control : analysis of linked administrative health datasets. Setting Queensland, Australia. Participants : Women eligible for free vaccination (aged 12-26 years in 2007) and attending for their first cervical smear test between April 2007 and March 2011. [...]

Menée à partir d'entretiens auprès de 541 adolescents ayant des problèmes comportementaux, cette étude américaine analyse, en fonction du sexe, l'influence des publicités pour le tabac sur leur comportement tabagique

The Influences of Tobacco Advertising Exposure and Conduct Problems on Smoking Behaviors in Adolescent Males and Females

Mays, Darren ; Gilman, Stephen E. ; Rende, Richard ; Luta, George ; Tercyak, Kenneth P. ; Niaura, Raymond S.

Introduction : Adolescents with conduct problems are more likely to smoke and tobacco advertising exposure may exacerbate this risk. Males’ excess risk of conduct problems and females’ susceptibility to advertising suggest gender-specific pathways to smoking. We investigated the associations between gender, conduct problems, and lifetime smoking and adolescents’ exposure to tobacco advertising and examined prospective relationships with smoking behaviors. Methods : Adolescents completed [...]