Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de la cohorte EPIC comportant plus de 500 000 participants âgés de 35 à 75 ans (durée moyenne de suivi : 11 ans), cette étude européenne évalue l'association entre la consommation d'aliments contaminés par l'acrylamide et le risque d'adénocarcinome canalaire du pancréas (865 cas)

Dietary intake of acrylamide and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

Obón-Santacana, M. ; Slimani, N. ; Lujan-Barroso, L. ; Travier, N. ; Hallmans, G. ; Freisling, H. ; Ferrari, P. ; Boutron-Ruault, M. C. ; Racine, A. ; Clavel, F. ; Saieva, C. ; Pala, V. ; Tumino, R. ; Mattiello, A. ; Vineis, P. ; Argüelles, M. ; Ardanaz, E. ; Amiano, P. ; Navarro, C. ; Sanchez, M. J. ; Molina Montes, E. ; Key, T. ; Khaw, K.-T. ; Wareham, N. ; Peeters, P. H. ; Trichopoulou, A. ; Bamia, C. ; Trichopoulos, D. ; Boeing, H. ; Kaaks, R. ; Katzke, V. ; Ye, W. ; Sund, M. ; Ericson, U. ; Wirfält, E. ; Overvad, K. ; Tjønneland, A. ; Olsen, A. ; Skeie, G. ; Åsli, L. A. ; Weiderpass, E. ; Riboli, E. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. ; Duell, E. J.

Background : In 1994, acrylamide (AA) was classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In 2002, AA was discovered at relatively high concentrations in some starchy, plant-based foods cooked at high temperatures. Patients and methods : A prospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the dietary intake of AA and ductal adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreatic cancer (PC) risk in the European Prospective Investigation into [...]

Mené sur 834 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate et sur une sous-cohorte de 1 393 autres hommes, cet essai évalue l'association entre la concentration plasmatique d'acides gras phospholipidiques et le risque de développer la maladie

Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer Risk in the SELECT Trial

Brasky, Theodore M. ; Darke, Amy K. ; Song, Xiaoling ; Tangen, Catherine M. ; Goodman, Phyllis J. ; Thompson, Ian M. ; Meyskens, Frank L. ; Goodman, Gary E. ; Minasian, Lori M. ; Parnes, Howard L. ; Klein, Eric A. ; Kristal, Alan R.

Background : Studies of dietary ω-3 fatty acid intake and prostate cancer risk are inconsistent; however, recent large prospective studies have found increased risk of prostate cancer among men with high blood concentrations of long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ([LCω-3PUFA] 20:5ω3; 22:5ω3; 22:6ω3]. This case–cohort study examines associations between plasma phospholipid fatty acids and prostate cancer risk among participants in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial. [...]

A partir de questionnaires auprès de 1 660 patients atteints d'un cancer de la vessie et de 1 586 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre la consommation d'aliments sources de composés N-nitrosés (viandes transformées) et le risque de développer la maladie

Dietary sources of N-nitroso compounds and bladder cancer risk: Findings from the Los Angeles bladder cancer study

Catsburg, Chelsea E. ; Gago-Dominguez, Manuela ; Yuan, Jian-Min ; Castelao, J. Esteban ; Cortessis, Victoria K. ; Pike, Malcolm C. ; Stern, Mariana C.

N-Nitroso compounds (NOCs) have been proposed as possible bladder carcinogens. The main sources of exogenous exposure to NOCs are cigarette smoke and diet, particularly processed (i.e., nitrite-treated) meats. Perhaps more importantly, NOCs can be formed endogenously from dietary precursors such as nitrate, nitrite and amines. Heme has been shown to increase endogenous nitrosation. We examined the role of dietary sources of NOCs and NOC precursors as potential bladder cancer risk factors using [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature (26 études), cette étude montre qu'il n'existe pas d'association entre une exposition professionnelle aux gaz d'échappement des moteurs diesel et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Lack of association between occupational exposure to diesel exhaust and risk of pancreatic cancer: a systematic evaluation of available data

Boffetta, Paolo

Purpose : To review epidemiologic studies on risk of pancreatic cancer and occupational exposure to diesel exhaust. Methods : A literature search was conducted, and data were abstracted in a systematic fashion. Comparable results were combined using a random-effects meta-analysis. Results : Twenty-six studies were included in the review, including five studies based on routine statistics, 11 case–control studies [meta-relative risk (RR) of three estimates for diesel exhaust exposure 0.9; 95 % [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en octobre 2012 (11 études, 4 860 cas et 14 740 témoins), cette méta-analyse évalue, en fonction de facteurs reproductifs, l'association entre des hormones sexuelles endogènes ou exogènes (contraceptifs oraux, traitements substitutifs hormonaux) et le risque de gliome

Exogenous and Endogenous Hormones in Relation to Glioma in Women: A Meta-analysis of 11 Case-Control Studies

Qi, Zhen-Yu ; Shao, Chuan ; Zhang, Xin ; Hui, Guo-Zhen ; Wang, Zhong

Background and Objective : Previous investigations of glioma risk in women have focused on oral contraceptive (OC), hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and reproductive factors. However, the results of published studies were inconclusive and inconsistent. Thus, a meta-analysis based on published case-control studies was performed to assess the role of exogenous and endogenous hormones factors in glioma risk. Methods : The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched without any restrictions on [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en septembre 2012 (6 études cas-témoins, 5 études de cohorte, 1 820 954 participantes), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre l'utilisation d'un traitement hormonal substitutif et le risque de méningiome (3 249 cas)

Hormone replacement therapy and risk of meningioma in women: a meta-analysis

Fan, Zuo-Xu ; Shen, Jian ; Wu, Yao-Yao ; Yu, Hai ; Zhu, Yu ; Zhan, Ren-Ya

Purpose : The relationship between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the incidence of meningioma in women has been investigated in several epidemiologic studies, but their results were not entirely consistent. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of case–control and cohort studies to analyze this association. Methods : The PubMed database was searched from inception to 30 September 2012 to identify relevant studies that met pre-stated inclusion criteria. We also reviewed reference lists from [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents sur le rôle potentiel d'infections bactériennes dans le développement d'un cancer du pancréas

Role of bacterial infections in pancreatic cancer

Michaud, Dominique S.

Established risk factors for pancreatic cancer, including tobacco smoking, chronic pancreatitis, obesity, and type II diabetes, collectively account for less than half of all pancreatic cancer cases. Inflammation plays a key role in pancreatic carcinogenesis, but it is unclear what causes local inflammation, other than pancreatitis. Epidemiological data suggest that Helicobacter pylori may be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and more recently, data suggest that periodontal disease, and [...]

Menée sur 7 437 individus de plus de 50 ans, dont 2 208 patients présentant un diabète de type 2, cette étude franco-britannico-quatarie identifie la présence de larges anomalies chromosomiques clonales en mosaïque permettant de rendre compte du risque accru de cancer chez les diabétiques de type 2

Association between large detectable clonal mosaicism and type 2 diabetes with vascular complications

Bonnefond, Amelie ; Skrobek, Boris ; Lobbens, Stephane ; Eury, Elodie ; Thuillier, Dorothee ; Cauchi, Stephane ; Lantieri, Olivier ; Balkau, Beverley ; Riboli, Elio ; Marre, Michel ; Charpentier, Guillaume ; Yengo, Loic ; Froguel, Philippe

Large chromosomal clonal mosaic events (CMEs) have been suggested to be linked to aging and to predict cancer. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been conceptualized as an accelerated-aging disease and is associated with higher prevalence of cancers. Here we aimed to assess the association between T2D and CME occurrence in blood. We evaluated the presence of CMEs in 7,659 individuals (including 2,208 with T2D) using DNA arrays. A significant association between CME occurrence and T2D was found (odds [...]

Cette étude montre que 5 variants du gène ARID5B et 1 variant du gène CEBPE sont des loci de susceptibilité à la leucémie aiguë lymphoblastique de l'enfance à la fois chez les personnes blanches de type européen (225 cas, 369 témoins) et les personnes blanches de type hispanique (300 cas, 406 témoins)

Genetic variants in ARID5B and CEBPE are childhood ALL susceptibility loci in Hispanics

Chokkalingam, AnandP ; Hsu, Ling- I. ; Metayer, Catherine ; Hansen, HelenM ; Month, StacyR ; Barcellos, LisaF ; Wiemels, JosephL ; Buffler, PatriciaA

Recent genome-wide studies conducted in European Whites have identified novel susceptibility genes for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We sought to examine whether these loci are susceptibility genes among Hispanics, whose reported incidence of childhood ALL is the highest of all ethnic groups in California, and whether their effects differ between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). We genotyped 13 variants in these genes among 706 Hispanic (300 cases, 406 controls) and 594 [...]

Menée sur 449 patients atteints d'un cancer du pancréas et 982 témoins, cette étude prospective évalue l'association entre la présence d'une Insulino-résistance périphérique, d'une hyperglycémie, d'un dysfonctionnement des cellules β du pancréas et le risque de développer la maladie

Hyperglycemia, Insulin Resistance, Impaired Pancreatic β-Cell Function, and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer

Wolpin, Brian M. ; Bao, Ying ; Qian, Zhi Rong ; Wu, Chen ; Kraft, Peter ; Ogino, Shuji ; Stampfer, Meir J. ; Sato, Kaori ; Ma, Jing ; Buring, Julie E. ; Sesso, Howard D. ; Lee, I-Min ; Gaziano, John Michael ; McTiernan, Anne ; Phillips, Lawrence S. ; Cochrane, Barbara B. ; Pollak, Michael N. ; Manson, JoAnn E. ; Giovannucci, Edward L. ; Fuchs, Charles S.

Background : Obesity and diabetes mellitus are associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. These associations may be secondary to consequences of peripheral insulin resistance, pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, or hyperglycemia itself. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a measure of hyperglycemia, whereas plasma insulin and proinsulin are markers of peripheral insulin resistance, and the proinsulin to insulin ratio marks pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Methods : This was a prospective, nested [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée entre 1965 et 2012 (29 études), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre des caractéristiques pigmentaires, une sensibilité au soleil, la présence de naevus mélanocytaires et de taches de rousseur, et le risque de carcinome basocellulaire

A meta-analysis of pigmentary characteristics, sun sensitivity, freckling and melanocytic nevi and risk of basal cell carcinoma of the skin

Khalesi, Mohammad ; Whiteman, David C. ; Tran, Bich ; Kimlin, Michael G. ; Olsen, Catherine M. ; Neale, Rachel E.

Objective : To calculate pooled risk estimates of the association between pigmentary characteristics and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin. Methods : We searched three electronic databases and reviewed the reference lists of the retrieved articles until July 2012 to identify eligible epidemiologic studies. Eligible studies were those published in between 1965 and July 2012 that permitted quantitative assessment of the association between histologically-confirmed BCC and any of the [...]

Menée sur une cohorte initiale de 2 142 cas et 2 175 témoins, puis sur une cohorte complémentaire de 1 005 patients et 1 389 rémoins, cette étude identifie un polymorphisme du gène OGG1, impliqué dans la réparation des dégâts de l'ADN, en association avec un risque accru de cancer colorectal

Role of the Oxidative DNA Damage Repair Gene OGG1 in Colorectal Tumorigenesis

Smith, Christopher G. ; West, Hannah ; Harris, Rebecca ; Idziaszczyk, Shelley ; Maughan, Timothy S. ; Kaplan, Richard ; Richman, Susan ; Quirke, Philip ; Seymour, Matthew ; Moskvina, Valentina ; Steinke, Verena ; Propping, Peter ; Hes, Frederik J. ; Wijnen, Juul ; Cheadle, Jeremy P.

Biallelic inherited mutations in the oxidative DNA damage repair gene MUTYH predispose to colorectal adenomas and colorectal carcinoma (CRC) with high penetrance. We investigated whether rare inherited variants in other oxidative DNA damage repair genes predisposed to CRC. Single marker association analyses were assessed under an allelic model with Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. All statistical tests were two-sided. A rare inherited nonsynonymous variant in OGG1 (Gly308Glu), the [...]

Menée sur 201 696 participants de la cohorte EPIC (durée moyenne de suivi : 11,2 ans), cette étude européenne évalue l'association entre l'évolution du poids au cours de la vie adulte (entre 20 et 50 ans) et le risque de cancer colorectal (2 384 cas)

Adult weight change and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Aleksandrova, Krasimira ; Pischon, Tobias ; Buijsse, Brian ; May, Anne M. ; Peeters, Petra H. ; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ; Jenab, Mazda ; Fedirko, Veronika ; Dahm, Christina C. ; Siersema, Peter D. ; Freisling, Heinz ; Ferrari, Pietro ; Overvad, Kim ; Tjønneland, Anne ; Trichopoulou, Antonia ; Lagiou, Pagona ; Naska, Androniki ; Pala, Valeria ; Mattiello, Amalia ; Ohlsson, Bodil ; Jirström, Karin ; Key, Timothy J. ; Khaw, Kay-Tee ; Riboli, Elio ; Boeing, Heiner

Aim : Weight change during adult life may reflect metabolic changes and influence colorectal cancer (CRC) development, but such role is not well established. We aimed to explore the association between adult weight change (from age 20 to 50) and CRC risk. In particular, we investigated differences according to colon and rectal cancer, sex and measures of attained adiposity. Methods : We included 201,696 participants from six participating countries in the European Prospective Investigation into [...]

A partir des données 1996-2008 portant sur 902 patients pédiatriques atteints d'une leucémie aiguë lymphoblastique ou d'une leucémie myéloïde et sur 1 139 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre le tabagisme passif prénatal ou postnatal et le risque de développer ces maladies durant l'enfance en fonction de la présence d'anomalies cytogénétiques (translocation t(12;21) ou hyperdiploïdie élevée : 51-67 chromosomes)

Tobacco Smoke Exposure and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic and Myeloid Leukemias by Cytogenetic Subtype

Metayer, Catherine ; Zhang, Luoping ; Wiemels, Joseph L. ; Bartley, Karen ; Schiffman, Joshua ; Ma, Xiaomei ; Aldrich, Melinda C. ; Chang, Jeffrey S. ; Selvin, Steve ; Fu, Cecilia H. ; Ducore, Jonathan ; Smith, Martyn T. ; Buffler, Patricia A

Background : Tobacco smoke contains carcinogens known to damage somatic and germ cells. We investigated the effect tobacco smoke on the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and myeloid leukemia (AML), especially subtypes of pre-natal origin like ALL with translocation t(12;21) or high-hyperdiploidy (51-67 chromosomes). Methods : We collected information on exposures to tobacco smoking before conception, during pregnancy, and after birth in 767 ALL cases, 135 AML cases, and 1,139 [...]

Menée à partir de données de trois registres américains du cancer familial du sein portant sur 727 patientes âgées de moins de 50 ans et présentant une mutation germinale du gène BRCA1 ou BRCA2, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition de la poitrine à de faibles doses médicales de rayons X pour le diagnostic et le risque de cancer du sein

Diagnostic chest x-rays and breast cancer risk before age 50 years for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

John, Esther M. ; McGuire, Valerie ; Thomas, Duncan C. ; Haile, Robert ; Ozcelik, Hilmi ; Milne, Roger L. ; Felberg, Anna ; West, Dee W. ; Miron, Alexander ; Knight, Julia A. ; Terry, Mary Beth ; Daly, Mary ; Buys, Saundra S. ; Andrulis, Irene L. ; Hopper, John L. ; Southey, Melissa C. ; Giles, Graham G. ; Apicella, Carmel ; Thorne, Heather ; Whittemore, Alice S.

Background : The effects of low-dose medical radiation on breast cancer risk are uncertain, and few studies have included genetically susceptible women, such as those who carry germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Methods : We studied 454 BRCA1 and 273 BRCA2 mutation carriers aged <50 years from three breast cancer family registries in the USA, Canada, and Australia/New Zealand. We estimated breast cancer risk associated with diagnostic chest x-rays by comparing mutation carriers with breast [...]