Menée in vitro et à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude montre que l'expression de la protéine CD47 dans le microenvironnement de la tumeur limite l'efficacité conjointe de la radiothérapie et des lymphocytes T cytotoxiques CD8+ pour supprimer les cellules cancéreuses

CD47 in the tumor microenvironment limits cooperation between anti-tumor T cell immunity and radiation therapy

Soto-Pantoja, David R. ; Terabe, Masaki ; Ghosh, Arunima ; Ridnour, Lisa A. ; DeGraff, William G. ; Wink, David A. ; Berzofsky, Jay A. ; Roberts, David D.

While significant advances in radiotherapy have increased its effectiveness in many cancer settings, general strategies to widen the therapeutic window between normal tissue toxicity and malignant tumor destruction would still offer great value. CD47 blockade has been found to confer radioprotection to normal tissues while enhancing tumor radiosensitivity. Here we report that CD47 blockade directly enhances tumor immunosurveillance by CD8+ T cells. Combining CD47 blockade with irradiation did [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires de carcinome épidermoïde de la tête et du cou et menée à l'aide d'une xénogreffe sur un modèle murin, cette étude met en évidence le rôle de la voie de signalisation Hedgehog dans le renouvellement des cellules tumorales et leur résistance aux rayonnements ionisants

Hedgehog signaling drives radioresistance and stroma-driven tumor repopulation in head and neck squamous cancers

Gan, Gregory N ; Eagles, Justin ; Keysar, Stephen B ; Wang, Guoliang ; Glogowska, Magdalena J. ; Altunbas, Cem ; Anderson, Ryan T ; Le, Phuong N. ; Morton, J. Jason ; Frederick, Barbara ; Raben, David ; Wang, Xiao-Jing ; Jimeno, Antonio

Local control and overall survival in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) remains dismal. Signaling through the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and activation of the Hh effector transcription factor Gli1 is a poor prognostic factor in this disease setting. Here we report that increased GLI1 expression in the leading edge of HNSCC tumors is further increased by irradition where it contributes to therapeutic [...]

Mené sur 1 712 enfants ou adolescents atteints d'un lymphome hodgkinien à risque intermédiaire de récidive et récemment diagnostiqué, cet essai de phase III évalue, du point de vue de la survie sans événement et de la survie globale à 4 ans, l'efficacité d'une stratégie thérapeutique comportant, selon la réponse tumorale au cours du traitement, un ou plusieurs cycles de chimiothérapie de type ABVE-PC en combinaison ou non avec une radiothérapie des champs impliqués

Dose-Intensive Response-Based Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Newly Diagnosed Intermediate-Risk Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group Study AHOD0031

Friedman, Debra L. ; Chen, Lu ; Wolden, Suzanne ; Buxton, Allen ; McCarten, Kathleen ; FitzGerald, Thomas J. ; Kessel, Sandra ; De Alarcon, Pedro A. ; Chen, Allen R. ; Kobrinsky, Nathan ; Ehrlich, Peter ; Hutchison, Robert E. ; Constine, Louis S. ; Schwartz, Cindy L.

Purpose : The Children's Oncology Group study AHOD0031, a randomized phase III study, was designed to evaluate the role of early chemotherapy response in tailoring subsequent therapy in pediatric intermediate-risk Hodgkin lymphoma. To avoid treatment-associated risks that compromise long-term health and to maintain high cure rates, dose-intensive chemotherapy with limited cumulative doses was used. Patients and Methods : Patients received two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, [...]

Menée sur 125 patients atteints d'un cancer primitif du poumon non à petites cellules ou présentant des métastases pulmonaires (durée médiane de suivi : 17,4 mois), cette étude évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue du contrôle local de la tumeur, et la toxicité d'une radiothérapie stéréotaxique corporelle, puis identifie les paramètres dosimétriques associés à la toxicité pulmonaire

Local Control and Toxicity in a Large Cohort of Central Lung Tumors Treated With Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Modh, Ankit ; Rimner, Andreas ; Williams, Eric ; Foster, Amanda ; Shah, Mihir ; Shi, Weiji ; Zhang, Zhigang ; Gelblum, Daphna Y. ; Rosenzweig, Kenneth E. ; Yorke, Ellen D. ; Jackson, Andrew ; Wu, Abraham J.

Purpose : Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in central lung tumors has been associated with higher rates of severe toxicity. We sought to evaluate toxicity and local control in a large cohort and to identify predictive dosimetric parameters. Methods and Materials : We identified patients who received SBRT for central tumors according to either of 2 definitions. Local failure (LF) was estimated using a competing risks model, and multivariate analysis (MVA) was used to assess factors [...]

Menée à partir de questionnaires auprès de 2 506 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate, cette étude compare, du point de vue de données intra-opératoires puis post-opératoires à 3 mois (durée de l'intervention et de l'hospitalisation, perte de sang, taux de réadmission, ...), la sécurité et les avantages de deux techniques de prostatectomie radicale, l'une par voie rétropubienne et l'autre par voie laparoscopique

Short-term Results after Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy Compared to Open Radical Prostatectomy

Wallerstedt, Anna ; Tyritzis, Stavros I. ; Thorsteinsdottir, Thordis ; Carlsson, Stefan ; Stranne, Johan ; Gustafsson, Ove ; Hugosson, Jonas ; Bjartell, Anders ; Wilderäng, Ulrica ; Wiklund, N. Peter ; Steineck, Gunnar ; Haglind, Eva

Background : Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy has become a widespread technique despite a lack of randomised trials showing its superiority over open radical prostatectomy. Objective : To compare in-hospital characteristics and patient-reported outcomes at 3 mo between robot-assisted laparoscopic and open retropubic radical prostatectomy. Design, setting, and participants : A prospective, controlled trial was performed of all men who underwent radical prostatectomy at 14 [...]

Menée à l'aide d'un modèle murin de carcinome mammaire, cette étude montre que, par rapport aux autres rayonnements ionisants, les rayonnements à forte densité d'ionisation (utilisés en radiothérapie) favorisent le développement de tumeurs plus agressives en agissant sur leur micro-environnement

Densely Ionizing Radiation Acts via the Microenvironment to Promote Aggressive Trp53 Null Mammary Carcinomas

Illa-Bochaca, Irineu ; Ouyang, Haoxu ; Tang, Jonathan ; Sebastiano, Christopher ; Mao, Jian-Hua ; Costes, Sylvain V. ; Demaria, Sandra ; Barcellos-Hoff, Mary Helen

Densely ionizing radiation, which is present in the space radiation environment and used in radiation oncology, has potentially greater carcinogenic effect compared to sparsely ionizing radiation that is prevalent on earth. Here we used a radiation chimera in which mice were exposed to densely ionizing 350 MeV/amu Si-particles, gamma-radiation, or sham-irradiated and transplanted 3 days later with syngeneic Trp53 null mammary fragments. Trp53 null tumors arising in mice densely irradiated had a [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 31 patients pédiatriques atteints d'une tumeur tératoïde/rhabdoïde atypique du système nerveux central et traités entre 2008 et 2013 (âge médian au diagnostic : 19 mois ; durée médiane de suivi : 24 mois), cette étude évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans progression et de la survie globale, et la toxicité aiguë d'une protonthérapie

Outcomes and Acute Toxicities of Proton Therapy for Pediatric Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor of the Central Nervous System

McGovern, Susan L. ; Okcu, M. Fatih ; Munsell, Mark F. ; Kumbalasseriyil, Nancy ; Grosshans, David R. ; McAleer, Mary F. ; Chintagumpala, Murali ; Khatua, Soumen ; Mahajan, Anita

Purpose : Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) of the central nervous system is a rare cancer primarily affecting children younger than 5 years old. Because patients are young and receive intensive chemotherapy, there is concern regarding late radiation toxicity, particularly as survival rates improve. Therefore, there is interest in using proton therapy to treat these tumors. This study was undertaken to investigate outcomes and acute toxicities associated with proton therapy for AT/RT. [...]

Menée à l'aide d'un modèle murin , cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes, liés au microenvironnement tumoral, suggérant l'intérêt d'un traitement à base de lymphocytes T, modifiés pour exprimer un récepteur d'antigène chimérique, dans les tumeurs solides

Efficacy of CAR T cell therapy in large tumors relies upon stromal targeting by IFNγ

Textor, Ana ; Listopad, Joanna ; Wührmann, Lara Le ; Perez, Cynthia ; Kruschinski, Anna ; Chmielewski, Markus ; Abken, Hinrich ; Blankenstein, Thomas ; Charo, Jehad

Adoptive T cell therapy using chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T therapy) has shown dramatic efficacy in patients with circulating lymphoma. However, eradication of solid tumors with CAR-T therapy has not been reported yet to be efficacious. In solid tumors, stroma destruction, due to MHC-restricted cross-presentation of tumor antigens to T cells, may be essential. However, CAR-Ts recognize antigens in an MHC-independent manner on cancer cells but not stroma cells. In this [...]

Menée sur des lignées cellulaires et à l'aide de xénogreffes, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes permettant de rendre compte de l'activité antitumorale du tivantinib, initialement présenté comme un inhibiteur de c-MET

Tivantinib (ARQ 197) exhibits antitumor activity by directly interacting with tubulin and overcomes ABC transporter-mediated drug resistance

Aoyama, Aki ; Katayama, Ryohei ; Oh-hara, Tomoko ; Sato, Shigeo ; Okuno, Yasushi ; Fujita, Naoya

Tivantinib (ARQ197) was first reported as a highly selective inhibitor of c-MET and is currently being investigated in a phase 3 clinical trial. However, as recently reported by us and another group, tivantinib showed cytotoxic activity independent of cellular c-MET status and also disrupted microtubule dynamics. To investigate if tivantinib exerts its cytotoxic activity by disrupting microtubules, we quantified polymerized tubulin in cells and xenograft tumors after tivantinib treatment. [...]

Menée à l'aide de modèles murins, cette étude suggère l'intérêt de thérapies ciblées sur Myc pour le traitement de patients atteints d'un adénocarcinome canalaire du pancréas

Therapeutic Effects of an Anti-Myc Drug on Mouse Pancreatic Cancer

Stellas, Dimitris ; Szabolcs, Matthias ; Koul, Sanjay ; Li, Zhe ; Polyzos, Alexander ; Anagnostopoulos, Constantinos ; Cournia, Zoe ; Tamvakopoulos, Constantin ; Klinakis, Apostolos ; Efstratiadis, Argiris

Background : Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is frequently driven by oncogenic KRAS(KRAS*) mutations. We developed a mouse model of KRAS*-induced PDA and, based on genetic results demonstrating that KRAS* tumorigenicity depends on Myc activity, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of an orally administered anti-Myc drug. Methods : We tested the efficacy of Mycro3, a small-molecule inhibitor of Myc-Max dimerization, in the treatment of mouse PDA (n = 9) and also of xenografts of human [...]

Menée sur deux cohortes de patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein de stade localement avancé, cette étude identifie des anomalies de méthylation dans un ensemble de gènes en association avec la réponse à un traitement à base de doxorubicine et 5-fluorouracile

DNA Methylation status of key cell cycle regulators such as CDKNA2/p16 and CCNA1 correlates with treatment response to doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil in locally advanced breast tumors

Klajic, Jovana ; BUSATO, Florence ; Edvardsen, Hege ; Touleimat, Nizar ; Fleischer, Thomas ; Bukholm, Ida R.K. ; Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise ; Lonning, Per Eystein ; Tost, Jörg ; Kristensen, Vessela N.

Purpose:To explore alterations in gene promoter methylation as a potential cause of acquired drug resistance to doxorubicin or combined treatment with 5-fluorouracil and Mitomycin C in human breast cancers. Experimental Design:Paired tumor samples from locally advanced breast cancer patients treated with doxorubicin and 5`fluorouracil-mitomycin C were used in the genome-wide DNA methylation analysis as discovery cohort. An enlarged cohort from the same two prospective studies as those in the [...]

Menée in vitro et in vivo, cette étude met en évidence des mécanismes par lesquels, en combinaison avec le lapatinib et/ou l'erlotinib, un composé appelé NT113 exerce une activité antitumorale dans les glioblastomes surexprimant EGFR

NT113, a pan-ERBB Inhibitor with High Brain Penetrance, Inhibits the Growth of Glioblastoma Xenografts with EGFR Amplification

Yoshida, Yasuyuki ; Ozawa, Tomoko ; Yao, Tsun-Wen ; Shen, Wang ; Brown, Dennis ; Parsa, Andrew T. ; Raizer, Jeffrey J. ; Cheng, Shi-Yuan ; Stegh, Alexander H ; Mazar, Andrew P. ; Giles, Francis J ; Sarkaria, Jann N. ; Butowski, Nicholas ; Nicolaides, Theodore ; James, C. David

This report describes results from our analysis of the activity and biodistribution of a novel pan-ERBB inhibitor, NT113, when used in treating mice with intracranial glioblastoma (GBM) xenografts. Approaches used in this investigation include: bioluminescence imaging (BLI) for monitoring intracranial tumor growth and response to therapy; determination of survival benefit from treatment; analysis of tumor immunohistochemical (IHC) reactivity for indication of treatment effect on proliferation [...]

Cet article passe en revue les perspectives thérapeutiques offertes par les connaissances sur les cellules souches cancéreuses des glioblastomes multiformes

Emerging treatment strategies for glioblastoma multiforme

Carlsson, Steven K. ; Brothers, Shaun P. ; Wahlestedt, Claes

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the deadliest form of brain tumor with a more than 90% 5-year mortality. GBM has a paltry median survival of 12.6 months attributed to the unique treatment limitations such as the high average age of onset, tumor location, and poor current understandings of the tumor pathophysiology. The resection techniques, chemotherapic strategies, and radiation therapy currently used to treat GBM have slowly evolved, but the improvements have not translated to marked [...]

Mené en Asie sur 95 patients atteints d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire, cet essai de phase II évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue du taux de contrôle de la maladie, et la toxicité d'un traitement combinant refametinib, un inhibiteur de MEK, et sorafenib

A phase II study of the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of the MEK inhibitor refametinib (BAY 86-9766) plus sorafenib for Asian patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Lim, Ho Yeong ; Heo, Jeong ; Choi, Hye Jin ; Lin, Cheng-Yao ; Yoon, Jung-Hwan ; Hsu, Chiun ; Rau, Kun-Ming ; Poon, Ronnie Tung-Ping ; Yeo, Winnie Ming Ming ; Park, Joong-Won ; Tay, Miah Hiang ; Hsieh, Wen-son ; Kappeler, Christian ; Rajagopalan, Prabhu ; Krissel, Heiko ; Jeffers, Michael ; Yen, Chia-Jui ; Tak, Won Young

Purpose: There is an unmet need for treatment options in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib is currently the only approved systemic treatment for HCC. Refametinib, an oral, allosteric MEK inhibitor, has demonstrated antitumor activity in combination with sorafenib in vitro and in vivo. A phase II study evaluated efficacy and safety of refametinib plus sorafenib in Asian patients with HCC (NCT01204177). Experimental Design: Eligible patients received twice-daily refametinib 50 mg plus [...]

Mené sur 79 patients atteints d'une tumeur solide de stade avancé, cet essai de phase I évalue la dose maximale tolérée et l'activité antitumorale d'un composé appelé OSI-906, un inhibiteur des récepteurs IGF1R et IR

Phase I Study of Intermittent Oral Dosing of the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin Receptors Inhibitor OSI-906 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

Jones, Robin L. ; Kim, Edward S. ; Nava-Parada, Pilar ; Alam, Salma ; Johnson, Faye M. ; Stephens, Andrew W. ; Simantov, Ronit ; Poondru, Srinivasu ; Gedrich, Rich ; Lippman, Scott M. ; Kaye, Stan B. ; Carden, Craig P.

Purpose: We determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary activity of OSI-906, a potent, oral, dual inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (IR), in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: This was a multicenter, open-label, dose escalation phase I study evaluating three intermittent dosing schedules of once-daily OSI-906 [schedule (S) 1, days 1–3 every 14 days; S2, days 1–5 every 14 days; [...]

Mené sur 12 patients atteints d'un myélome multiple récidivant, cet essai de phase I évalue la toxicité et l'activité du Reolysin, un traitement à base d'un réovirus

A Phase 1 Trial of Single Agent Reolysin in Patients with Relapsed Multiple Myeloma

Sborov, Douglas W ; Nuovo, Gerard J ; Stiff, Andrew ; Mace, Thomas A ; Lesinski, Gregory B ; Benson, Don M ; Efebera, Yvonne A ; Rosko, Ashley E ; Pichiorri, Flavia ; Grever, Michael R. ; Hofmeister, Craig C

Introduction. Reolysin®, a proprietary isolate of reovirus Type 3 Dearing, enters and preferentially induces apoptosis of malignant cells. RAS pathway activation has been associated with more efficient reoviral infectivity and enhanced oncolysis. Reovirus is currently in advanced solid tumor phase 1 - 2 trials; no clinical trials have been conducted in patients with hematologic malignancies. Methodologies. A phase 1 trial treated 12 relapsed myeloma patients at two dose levels. Reolysin was [...]

Cet article passe en revue les travaux récents suggérant l'intérêt des inhibiteurs de PARP pour le traitement adjuvant d'un cancer du sein

An update on PARP inhibitors - moving to the adjuvant setting

Sonnenblick, Amir ; de Azambuja, Evandro ; Azim Jr, Hatem A. ; Piccart, Martine

Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes is a potential synthetic lethal therapeutic strategy in cancers harbouring specific DNA-repair defects, including those arising in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. Since the development of first-generation PARP inhibitors more than a decade ago, numerous clinical trials have been performed to validate their safety and efficacy, bringing us to the stage at which adjuvant therapy with PARP inhibitors is now being considered as a viable [...]

Menée sur une patiente atteinte d'un carcinome anaplasique de la thyroïde, cette étude identifie une mutation du gène TSC2 associée à une réponse thérapeutique exceptionnelle à l'everolimus

Response and Acquired Resistance to Everolimus in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Wagle, Nikhil ; Grabiner, Brian C. ; Van Allen, Eliezer M. ; Amin-Mansour, Ali ; Taylor-Weiner, Amaro ; Rosenberg, Mara ; Gray, Nathanael ; Barletta, Justine A. ; Guo, Yanan ; Swanson, Scott J. ; Ruan, Daniel T. ; Hanna, Glenn J. ; Haddad, Robert I. ; Getz, Gad ; Kwiatkowski, David J. ; Carter, Scott L. ; Sabatini, David M. ; Jänne, Pasi A. ; Garraway, Levi A. ; Lorch, Jochen H.

Everolimus, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is effective in treating tumors harboring alterations in the mTOR pathway. Mechanisms of resistance to everolimus remain undefined. Resistance developed in a patient with metastatic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma after an extraordinary 18-month response. Whole-exome sequencing of pretreatment and drug-resistant tumors revealed a nonsense mutation in TSC2, a negative regulator of mTOR, suggesting a mechanism for exquisite [...]

Mené sur 31 patients atteints d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire non résécable traité entre 2008 et 2010, cet essai de phase II évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la réponse tumorale et des taux de survie à 2 ans, et la toxicité d'une radiothérapie conformationnelle 3D après une chimio-embolisation transartérielle incomplète

A Prospective Phase 2 Multicenter Study for the Efficacy of Radiation Therapy Following Incomplete Transarterial Chemoembolization in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Choi, Chihwan ; Koom, Woong Sub ; Kim, Tae Hyun ; Yoon, Sang Min ; Kim, Jin Hee ; Lee, Hyung-Sik ; Nam, Taek-Keun ; Seong, Jinsil

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of radiation therapy (RT) following incomplete transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods and Materials : The study was designed as a prospective phase 2 multicenter trial. Patients with unresectable HCC, who had viable tumor after TACE of no more than 3 courses, were eligible. Three-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) was added for HCC treatment with incomplete [...]

Menée à partir de données portant sur 768 patients atteints d'un cancer de l'œsophage de stade cT3/Nx/M0 traité par œsophagectomie, cette étude évalue, du point de vue du taux de survie à 5 ans, l'intérêt d'une chimioradiothérapie néoadjuvante

Prognostic impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in cT3 oesophageal cancer – A propensity score matched analysis

Hölscher, Arnulf H. ; Bollschweiler, Elfriede ; Bogoevski, Dean ; Schmidt, Henner ; Semrau, Robert ; Izbicki, Jakob R.

Background : The prognostic effect of neoadjuvant treatment in advanced oesophageal cancer is still debated because most studies included undefined T-stages, different radio/chemotherapies or different types of surgery. Objectives : To analyse the prognostic impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with clinical T3 oesophageal cancer and oesophagectomy. Methods : In a retrospective study 768 patients from two centres with cT3/Nx/M0 oesophageal cancer and transthoracic en-bloc [...]

Mené sur 130 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules de stade III et inopérable, cet essai de phase II évalue, par rapport à une chimioradiothérapie séquentielle, la mortalité, le taux de survie globale à 2 ans et la toxicité associés à un traitement combinant de manière concomitante une radiothérapie radicale hypofractionnée et une chimiothérapie par cisplatine-vinorelbine

SOCCAR : A randomised phase II trial comparing sequential versus concurrent chemotherapy and radical hypofractionated radiotherapy in patients with inoperable stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and good performance status

Maguire, J. ; Khan, I. ; McMenemin, R. ; O’Rourke, N. ; McNee, S. ; Kelly, V. ; Peedell, C. ; Snee, M.

Background : Cure of lung cancer is impossible without local tumour control. This can be compromised by accelerated repopulation of tumour cells during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. A strategy to minimise accelerated repopulation might improve local control. We investigated whether concurrent chemo-radiotherapy could be given safely over four weeks. Methods : We conducted a randomised phase II trial in which patients with inoperable Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) received a [...]

Menée sur 61 patientes atteintes d'un cancer du col utérin de stade IBI-IVA diagnostiqué entre 2003 et 2012 et présentant une ou plusieurs métastases ganglionnaires pelviennes (durée moyenne de suivi : 29 mois), cette étude évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue du contrôle régional de la maladie, et les événements indésirables d'une radiothérapie avec modulation d'intensité en champs étendus en combinaison avec une radiothérapie de type "boost" ciblant les ganglions atteints, puis identifie les formes de récidive

Extended Field Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy With Concomitant Boost for Lymph Node–Positive Cervical Cancer: Analysis of Regional Control and Recurrence Patterns in the Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Era

Vargo, John A. ; Kim, Hayeon ; Choi, Serah ; Sukumvanich, Paniti ; Olawaiye, Alexander B. ; Kelley, Joseph L. ; Edwards, Robert P. ; Comerci, John T. ; Beriwal, Sushil

Purpose : Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is commonly used for nodal staging in locally advanced cervical cancer; however the false negative rate for para-aortic disease are 20% to 25% in PET-positive pelvic nodal disease. Unless surgically staged, pelvis-only treatment may undertreat para-aortic disease. We have treated patients with PET-positive nodes with extended field intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) to address the para-aortic region prophylactically [...]

Cet article passe en revue les principales avancées en matière de recherche translationnelle en oncologie au cours de la dernière décennie

Translational research in oncology - 10 years of progress and future prospects

Doroshow, James H. ; Kummar, Shivaani

International efforts to sequence the genomes of various human cancers have been broadly deployed in drug discovery programmes. Diagnostic tests that predict the value of the molecularly targeted anticancer agents used in such programmes are conceived and validated in parallel with new small-molecule treatments and immunotherapies. This approach has been aided by better preclinical cancer models; an enhanced appreciation of the complex interactions that exist between tumour cells and their [...]