Menée à San Diego (Etats-Unis) à partir d'enquêtes réalisées entre 2010 et 2011 auprès d'un échantillon de 537 jeunes fumeurs clients de bars (âge : de 21 à 26 ans), cette étude analyse la relation entre le fait de fumer principalement ou uniquement en société, la consommation d'alcool, les comportements liés au tabagisme et les tentatives d'arrêter de fumer

Young adult social smokers: Their co-use of tobacco and alcohol, tobacco-related attitudes, and quitting efforts

Jiang, Nan ; Lee, Youn O. ; Ling, Pamela M.

Objective : Young adults frequently report social smoking. This study examined the relationship between different social smoking definitions and the co-use of cigarettes and alcohol, tobacco-related attitudes, and quitting efforts. Method : Cross-sectional data were collected at bars using randomized time location sampling among young adults aged 21–26 in San Diego, California from 2010 to 2011 (73% response rate). Multivariable logistic regression examined if current smoking and quit attempts [...]

Menée à partir des données 2012 d'une enquête nationale auprès d'enfants et d'adolescents américains (âge : de 11 à 18 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre leur utilisation de la cigarette électronique et les habitudes tabagiques des membres de leur famille

The smoking habits of the family influence the uptake of e-cigarettes in US children

Cardenas, Victor M. ; Breen, Philip J. ; Compadre, Cesar M. ; Delongchamp, Robert R. ; Barone, Claudia P. ; Phillips, Martha M. ; Wheeler, J. Gary

The use of a particular type of nicotine delivery system, the so called electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) by children and adolescents has dramatically increased in the few last years, not only in the US (1) but across different regions of the world (2-5). Analysis of the 2011-21012 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) shows that e-cig users quit conventional cigarettes no more frequently than nonusers (6). We examined the data from the 2012 NYTS to determine if there was an association [...]

Menée in vitro, cette étude montre que la myricétine et la naringénine, deux substances flavonoïdes, peuvent inhiber la prolifération et la migration d'un carcinome épidermoïde humain

Myricetin and Naringenin Inhibit Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation and Migration In Vitro

Maggioni, Daniele ; Nicolini, Gabriella ; Rigolio, Roberta ; Biffi, Luisa ; Pignataro, Lorenzo ; Gaini, Renato ; Garavello, Werner

In this study the potential anticancer effect of 2 flavonoids, myiricetin (MYR) and naringenin (NAR) has been evaluated on an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line, SCC-25, and HaCaT cells. Both the flavonoids inhibited SCC-25 cell growth, although NAR selectively affected cancer cells without impairing HaCaT cell growth. The cell proliferation inhibition by MYR and NAR was not related to apoptosis induction, but on cell cycle impairment, because a G0/G1 and a G2/M blockage was [...]

Menée en milieu scolaire auprès d'une cohorte de 55 798 adolescentes nées entre 1994 et 1996, cette étude canadienne évalue, du point de vue du taux d'élèves ayant reçu 3 doses de vaccin selon les recommandations, l'efficacité d'un programme de vaccination contre le papillomavirus humain sur les périodes 2007/2008 et 2009/2010

Evidence of effective delivery of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine through a publicly funded, school-based program: the Ontario Grade 8 HPV Vaccine Cohort Study

Lim, W ; Sears, Kim ; Smith, Leah ; Liu, Guoyuan ; Levesque, Linda

Background : Proper administration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (three doses at 0, 2, and 6 months) will likely influence the vaccine's effectiveness and the impact of vaccination programs on health outcomes. Therefore, we assessed HPV vaccine series completion and on-time dosing in Canada's largest publicly funded, school-based HPV vaccination program. Methods : Using administrative health and immunization databases, we identified a population-based cohort of girls eligible for [...]

Menée dans deux Etats australiens à partir d'une enquête réalisée auprès de 6 014 adolescents et jeunes adultes (âge : 12 à 24 ans), cette étude évalue l'effet à moyen terme d'une politique, interdisant la publicité pour le tabac dans les points de vente, sur leur comportement tabagique et leurs perceptions vis-à-vis du tabac

Out of Sight and Out of Mind? Evaluating the Impact of Point-of-Sale Tobacco Display Bans on Smoking-Related Beliefs and Behaviors in a Sample of Australian Adolescents and Young Adults

Dunlop, Sally ; Kite, James ; Grunseit, Anne C. ; Rissel, Chris ; Perez, Donna A. ; Dessaix, Anita ; Cotter, Trish ; Bauman, Adrian ; Young, Jane ; Currow, David

Introduction : The Australian states of New South Wales (NSW) and Queensland implemented bans on tobacco pack displays at point-of-sale (PoS) in July 2010 and November 2011, respectively. This study evaluated the medium-term impact of the bans on youth. Methods : Data were drawn from the Tobacco Promotion Impact Study, a repeated cross-sectional survey of youth (12–24 years) in NSW and Queensland conducted yearly 2010–2012 (n = 6,014). Regression analyses examined differences in youth’s recall [...]

Menée au Royaume-Uni à partir des données de prescriptions de médecine générale (477 620 patients ; âge : 16 ans ou plus), cette étude analyse, en fonction du profil des patients, l'utilisation de la varénicline comme traitement d'aide au sevrage tabagique

Use of varenicline for smoking cessation treatment in UK primary care: an association rule mining analysis

Huang, Yue ; Lewis, Sarah ; Britton, John

Background : Varenicline is probably the most effective smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, but is less widely used than nicotine replacement therapy. We therefore set out to identify the characteristics of numerically important groups of patients who typically do, or do not, receive varenicline in the UK. Methods : We used association rule mining to analyse data on prescribing of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy in relation to age, sex, comorbidity and other variables from 477,620 people aged [...]