A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en septembre 2011 (10 études de cohorte), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre la consommation de glucides, la charge et l'indice glycémiques et le risque de cancer du pancréas

Dietary fructose, carbohydrates, glycemic indices and pancreatic cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Aune, D. ; Chan, D. S. M. ; Vieira, A. R. ; Navarro Rosenblatt, D. A. ; Vieira, R. ; Greenwood, D. C. ; Cade, J. E. ; Burley, V. J. ; Norat, T.

Background: Dietary carbohydrates, glycemic load and glycemic index have been hypothesized to influence pancreatic cancer risk, but epidemiological studies have been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to clarify these results.Methods: PubMed and several other databases were searched for prospective studies of intake of carbohydrates, glycemic index and glycemic load and pancreatic cancer up to September 2011. Summary relative risks were [...]

Menée sur une cohorte de 66 714 personnes (durée de suivi : 20 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre divers régimes alimentaires, le niveau sérique à jeun du peptide C et le risque de cancer colorectal (985 cas de cancer colorectal, 758 cas de cancer du côlon)

A dietary pattern that is associated with C-peptide and risk of colorectal cancer in women

Fung, Teresa ; Hu, Frank ; Schulze, Matthias ; Pollak, Michael ; Wu, Tianying ; Fuchs, Charles ; Giovannucci, Edward

Purpose Higher serum C-peptide concentrations have shown to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, we used diet information to identify food groups that correlated with fasting serum concentrations of C-peptide and assess the association of this dietary pattern and CRC risk. Methods Major food contributors to fasting C-peptide concentrations were identified with stepwise linear regression in a subsample ( n = 833) of women from a large cohort. We then summed [...]

Menée sur 465 employés de l'industrie manufacturière, cette étude américaine évalue l'association entre une exposition professionnelle aux fibres de l'amphibole contenues dans la vermiculite et le risque de développer un mésothéliome 31 ans plus tard

Mesothelioma Associated With Commercial Use of Vermiculite Containing Libby Amphibole

Dunning, Kari K. ; Adjei, Stephen ; Levin, Linda ; Rohs, Amy M. ; Hilbert, Tim ; Borton, Eric ; Kapil, Vikas ; Rice, Carol ; LeMasters, Grace K. ; Lockey, James E.

Objectives: To describe asbestos-related mortality among manufacturing workers who expanded and processed Libby vermiculite that contained amphibole fiber. Methods: Standardized mortality ratio was calculated for 465 white male workers 31 years after last Libby vermiculite exposure. Results: Two workers died from mesothelioma, resulting in a significantly increased standardized mortality ratio of 10.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 38.0). These workers were in the upper 10th percentile of [...]

Menée sur 640 infirmières âgées de 40 à 60 ans, cette étude transversale évalue l'association entre un travail posté par rotation et la densité mammaire

Rotating night shift work and mammographic density

Peplonska, Beata ; Bukowska, Agnieszka ; Sobala, Wojciech ; Reszka, Edyta ; Gromadzińska, Jolanta ; Wasowicz, Wojciech ; Lie, Jenny Anne ; Kjuus, Helge ; Ursin, Giske

Background: An increased risk of breast cancer has been observed in night shift workers. Exposure to artificial light at night, disruption of the endogenous circadian rhythm with suppression of the melatonin synthesis have been suggested mechanisms. We investigated the hypothesis that rotating night shift work is associated with mammographic density. Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study on the association between rotating night shift work characteristics, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin(6MTs) [...]

Menée sur 1 009 patients atteints d'un lymphome non hodgkinien nouvellement diagnostiqué et 1 233 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre une exposition solaire précoce, des variants génétiques associés au métabolisme de la vitamine D et le risque de développer la maladie

Early life sun exposure, vitamin D-related gene variants, and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Kelly, Jennifer ; Drake, Matthew ; Fredericksen, Zachary ; Asmann, Yan ; Liebow, Mark ; Shanafelt, Tait ; Feldman, Andrew ; Ansell, Stephen ; Macon, William ; Herr, Megan ; Wang, Alice ; Nowakowski, Grzegorz ; Call, Timothy ; Habermann, Thomas ; Slager, Susan ; Witzig, Thomas ; Cerhan, James

Purpose It has been hypothesized that vitamin D mediates the inverse relationship between sun exposure and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk reported in several recent studies. We evaluated the association of self-reported sun exposure at ages <13, 13–21, 22–40, and 41+ years and 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 4 candidate genes relevant to vitamin D metabolism ( RXR, VDR , CYP24A1, CYP27B1 ) with NHL risk. Methods This analysis included 1,009 newly diagnosed NHL cases and 1,233 [...]

Menée en Espagne, cette étude cas-témoins (349 cas et 513 témoins) évalue l'association entre une exposition domestique au radon, le comportement tabagique, le type histologique et le risque de cancer du poumon

Residential radon exposure, histological types and lung cancer risk. A case-control study in Galicia, Spain

Barros-Dios, Juan ; Ruano-Ravina, Alberto ; Perez-Rios, Monica ; Castro-Bernardez, Margarita ; Abal-Arca, Jose ; Tojo-Castro, Marta

Background: Lung cancer is an important public health problem and tobacco the main risk factor followed by residential radon exposure. Recommended exposure levels have been progressively lowered. Galicia, the study area, has high residential radon concentrations. We aim: 1) to assess the risk of lung cancer linked to airborne residential radon exposure, 2) to ascertain whether tobacco modifies radon risk and, 3) to know whether there is a lung cancer histological type more susceptible to radon. [...]

Menée sur une cohorte de 377 649 patients recevant un traitement antihypertenseur (durée médiane de suivi après le début du traitement : 4,6 ans), cette étude évalue l'association entre l'utilisation de bloqueurs des récepteurs de l'angiotensine et le risque global de cancer (20 203 cas)

Angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of cancer: cohort study among people receiving antihypertensive drugs in UK General Practice Research Database

Krishnan Bhaskaran ; Ian Douglas ; Stephen Evans ; Tjeerd van Staa ; Liam Smeeth

Objectives : To investigate whether there is an association between use of angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of cancer. Design : Cohort study of risk of cancer in people treated with angiotensin receptor blockers compared with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Effects were explored with time updated covariates in Cox models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes and metformin/insulin use, hypertension, heart failure, statin use, socioeconomic status, alcohol, [...]

A partir des données de l'assurance maladie taïwanaise portant sur 24 066 patients, cette étude évalue l'association entre des troubles de l'anxiété et le risque de cancer

A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study: Will Anxiety Disorders Increase Subsequent Cancer Risk?

Liang, Ji-An ; Sun, Li-Min ; Su, Kuan-Pin ; Chang, Shih-Ni ; Sung, Fung-Chang ; Muo, Chih-Hsin ; Kao, Chia-Hung

Background : The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible association between malignancy and anxiety disorders (AD) in Taiwan. Methods : We employed data from the National Health Insurance system of Taiwan. The AD cohort contained 24,066 patients with each patient randomly frequency matched according to age and sex with 4 individuals from the general population without AD. Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted to estimate the influence of AD on the risk of cancer. [...]

A partir de données d'un registre américain du cancer et d'une étude de cohorte incluant 115 686 enfants nés entre 1996 et 2005, cette étude évalue l'association entre des malformations congénitales et le risque de cancer durant l'enfance (2 351 cas)

Are Children With Birth Defects at Higher Risk of Childhood Cancers?

Carozza, Susan E. ; Langlois, Peter H. ; Miller, Eric A. ; Canfield, Mark

Birth defects may influence the risk of childhood cancer development through a variety of mechanisms. The rarity of both birth defects and childhood cancers makes it challenging to study these associations, particularly for the very rare instances of each. To address this limitation, the authors conducted a record linkage-based cohort study among Texas children born between 1996 and 2005. Birth defects in the cohort were identified through the Texas Birth Defects Registry, and children who [...]

A partir de données médicales et de données en population, cette étude évalue l'association entre l'âge des parents, le nombre de frères et sœurs et le risque de leucémie aiguë durant l'enfance ou la vie adulte (2 660 cas pédiatriques, 4 412 cas adultes et 28 288 témoins)

Parental age, family size, and offspring's risk of childhood and adult acute leukemia

Larfors, Gunnar ; Hallbook, Helene ; Simonsson, Bengt

Background: An association between childhood acute leukemia and advanced parental age was observed more than fifty years ago, and the association has been repeated in several, but not all, subsequent studies. In contrast to the many studies addressing childhood leukemia, few have included adult patients. Methods: In this register-based case-control study we examined the association between parental age and incidence of acute leukemia in 2660 childhood cases and 4412 adult cases of acute [...]

Menée sur la cohorte "Genes, Environment and Melanoma", incluant 65 parents au premier degré de patients atteints d'un mélanome avec mutations du gène CDKN2A et 3 537 parents au premier degré de patients atteints d'un mélanome sans mutations de ce gène, cette étude évalue le risque d'un cancer autre que le mélanome associé au fait d'être parent au premier degré d'un patient atteint d'un mélanome avec mutations du gène CDKN2A

Risk of Non-Melanoma Cancers in First-Degree Relatives of CDKN2A Mutation Carriers

Mukherjee, Bhramar ; DeLancey, John Oliver ; Raskin, Leon ; Everett, Jessica ; Jeter, Joanne ; Begg, Colin B. ; Orlow, Irene ; Berwick, Marianne ; Armstrong, Bruce K. ; Kricker, Anne ; Marrett, Loraine D. ; Millikan, Robert C. ; Culver, Hoda Anton ; Rosso, Stefano ; Zanetti, Roberto ; Kanetsky, Peter A. ; From, Lynn ; Gruber, Stephen B. ; for the GEM Study Investigators

The purpose of this study was to quantify the risk of cancers other than melanoma among family members of CDKN2A mutation carriers using data from the Genes, Environment and Melanoma study. Relative risks (RRs) of all non-melanoma cancers among first-degree relatives (FDRs) of melanoma patients with CDKN2A mutations (n = 65) and FDRs of melanoma patients without mutations (n = 3537) were calculated as the ratio of estimated event rates (number of cancers/total person-years) in FDRs of carriers [...]

A partir des données de deux études indépendantes incluant 312 patients atteints d'un cancer du poumon non à petites cellules, cette étude évalue l'association entre 12 variants génétiques situés sur les chromosomes 15q25 et 5p15, l'expression des gènes correspondant dans les cellules tumorales et le risque de développer la maladie

Association of the 15q25 and 5p15 lung cancer susceptibility regions with gene expression in lung tumour tissue

Fehringer, Gordon ; Liu, Geoffrey ; Pintilie, Melania ; Sykes, Jenna ; Cheng, Dangxiao ; Liu, Ni ; Chen, Zhuo ; Seymour, Lesley ; Der, Sandy D. ; Shepherd, Frances A. ; Tsao, Ming-Sound ; Hung, Rayjean

Background: Genome-wide association studies have identified two independent lung cancer susceptibility loci at chromosome 15q25 and one locus at 5p15. We examined the association of genetic variants in these regions with gene expression in lung tumor tissue, in an effort to elucidate carcinogeneic mechanisms by which these variants influence lung cancer risk. Methods: We used data from two independent studies of non-small cell lung cancer patients: the JBR.10 clinical trial (n=131) and a [...]

A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en novembre 2011 (27 études, 9 663 cas, 11 348 témoins), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre le polymorphisme Ser326Cys du gène OGG1 et le risque de cancer du poumon

The Association between OGG1 Ser326Cys Polymorphism and Lung Cancer Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis of 27 Studies

Duan, Wei-Xun ; Hua, Rui-Xi ; Yi, Wei ; Shen, Li-Jun ; Jin, Zhen-Xiao ; Zhao, Yu-Hong ; Yi, Ding-Hua ; Chen, Wen-Sheng ; Yu, Shi-Qiang

Background : Numerous studies have investigated association of OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism with lung cancer susceptibility; however, the findings are inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis based on 27 publications encompass 9663 cases and 11348 controls to comprehensively evaluate such associations. Methods : We searched publications from MEDLINE and EMBASE which were assessing the associations between OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and lung cancer risk. We calculated pooled odds [...]

Menée sur une cohorte de 2 033 patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal et 9 640 témoins, cette étude évalue l'association entre 24 polymorphismes à simple nucléotide, le risque d'obésité et le risque de cancer colorectal

Susceptibility variants for obesity and colorectal cancer risk: The multiethnic cohort and PAGE studies

Lim, Unhee ; Wilkens, Lynne R. ; Monroe, Kristine R. ; Caberto, Christian ; Tiirikainen, Maarit ; Cheng, Iona ; Park, Sungshim Lani ; Stram, Daniel O. ; Henderson, Brian E. ; Kolonel, Laurence N. ; Haiman, Christopher A. ; Le Marchand, Loic

Obesity is a leading contributor to colorectal cancer risk. We investigated whether the risk variants identified in genome-wide association studies of body mass index (BMI) and waist size are associated with colorectal cancer risk, independently of the effect of obesity phenotype due to a shared etiology. Twenty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 15 loci (BDNF, FAIM2, FTO, GNPDA2, KCTD15, LYPLAL1, MC4R, MSRA, MTCH2, NEGR1, NRXN3, SEC16B, SH2B1, TFAP2B and TMEM18) were genotyped in a [...]

Menée sur 757 patients atteints d'une tumeur de Wilms et 1 879 témoins, cette étude d'association sur le génome entier identifie plusieurs loci de susceptibilité à cette forme de cancer rénal chez l'enfant

A genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility loci for Wilms tumor

Turnbull, Clare ; Perdeaux, Elizabeth R. ; Pernet, David ; Naranjo, Arlene ; Renwick, Anthony ; Seal, Sheila ; Munoz-Xicola, Rosa Maria ; Hanks, Sandra ; Slade, Ingrid ; Zachariou, Anna ; Warren-Perry, Margaret ; Ruark, Elise ; Gerrard, Mary ; Hale, Juliet ; Hewitt, Martin ; Kohler, Janice ; Lane, Sheila ; Levitt, Gill ; Madi, Mabrook ; Morland, Bruce ; Neefjes, Veronica ; Nicholdson, James ; Picton, Susan ; Pizer, Barry ; Ronghe, Milind ; Stevens, Michael ; Traunecker, Heidi ; Stiller, Charles A. ; Pritchard-Jones, Kathy ; Dome, Jeffrey ; Grundy, Paul ; Rahman, Nazneen

Wilms tumor is the most common renal malignancy of childhood. To identify common variants that confer susceptibility to Wilms tumor, we conducted a genome-wide association study in 757 individuals with Wilms tumor (cases) and 1,879 controls. We evaluated ten SNPs in regions significantly associated at P < 5 × 10−5 in two independent replication series from the UK (769 cases and 2,814 controls) and the United States (719 cases and 1,037 controls). We identified clear significant associations at [...]