Dietary quality and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in colon cancer

Menée par questionnaire auprès de 132 patients atteints d'un cancer du côlon, cette étude analyse l'association entre la qualité de l'alimentation et la sévérité d'une neuropathie périphérique induite par une chimiothérapie à base d'oxaliplatine

Résumé en anglais

Background : Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common and dose-limiting chemotoxicity caused by oxaliplatin. This study investigated the relationship between dietary quality and the development of moderate and/or severe CIPN in colon cancer survivors using data from the Focus on Reducing Dose-Limiting Toxicities in Colon Cancer with Resistance Exercise trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03291951).

Methods: Diet quality was collected using a 127-item food-frequency questionnaire and was scored using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010). CIPN was assessed with the Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events at each chemotherapy cycle. The association of dietary quality with time to the first moderate-to-severe (moderate-severe) or severe event of CIPN was estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Only participants who received oxaliplatin were included in this analysis (n = 132).

Results: Seventy-four participants (56.1%) reported moderate-severe CIPN. Higher dietary quality was associated with a significantly decreased risk of moderate-severe CIPN (hazard ratio [HR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93–0.99) and severe CIPN (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85–0.98). Consumption of red and processed meat (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.07–2.83) and sugar-sweetened beverages (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.10–1.59) was associated with an increased risk of moderate-severe CIPN. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages also was associated with an increased risk of severe CIPN (HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.14–2.18), whereas vegetable consumption was associated with a reduced risk of severe CIPN (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.09–0.73).

Conclusions: Among patients with colon cancer who received oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy, higher baseline dietary quality was associated with a reduced risk of moderate-severe CIPN.