Risk of non-ovarian cancer in a nationwide-based study of nearly 5,000 women with borderline ovarian tumors in Denmark

Menée au Danemark à partir de données 1978-2018 du registre national des pathologies portant sur 5 000 patientes présentant une tumeur de l'ovaire à la limite de la malignité (durée de suivi : jusqu'à 41 ans), cette étude analyse le risque de développer un cancer non ovarien chez ces femmes par rapport à la population générale

Résumé en anglais

Evidence regarding cancer risk after borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) is limited. We conducted a nationwide cohort study examining the incidence of non-ovarian cancers in women with serous or mucinous BOTs compared to the general female population with up to 41 years of follow-up. Through the nationwide Pathology Registry, we identified nearly 5,000 women with BOTs (2,506 serous and 2,493 mucinous) in Denmark, 1978–2018. We computed standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as relative risk estimates of specific non-ovarian cancers. Compared to general female population rates, women with serous BOTs had increased rates of particularly malignant melanoma (SIR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.3–2.6), thyroid cancer (SIR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.4–5.4) and myeloid leukemia (SIR=3.2; 95% CI: 1.5–5.8), and women with mucinous BOTs had elevated rates of lung cancer (SIR=1.7; 95% CI: 1.3–2.1), pancreatic cancer (SIR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.2–2.9) and myeloid leukemia (SIR=2.3; 95% CI: 0.9–4.7). We found no convincing association with neither breast nor colorectal cancer in women with BOTs. This is the first large nationwide study showing that women with specific types of BOTs have increased risks of several non-ovarian cancers, likely due to some shared risk factors or genetic characteristics.