Dietary intake of lignans and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma: a cohort study in Sweden
A partir de questionnaires auprès de 81 670 participants (durée moyenne de suivi : 9,9 ans), cette étude de cohorte suédoise évalue l'association entre la consommation de lignanes d'origine alimentaire et le risque d'adénocarcinome gastrique ou œsophagien (211 cas au total)
Résumé en anglais
Background:High intake of phytoestrogen lignans has been found to be associated with decreased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma in our previous population-based case-control study in Sweden. Methods:In a population-based cohort study in Sweden, 81,670 participants who were cancer-free at baseline were followed up during 1998-2009. All participants completed a 96-item food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which was used to assess dietary exposure to lignans (secoisolariciresinol, matairesinol, lariciresinol, pinoresinol, medioresinol, and syringaresinol). All cases of esophageal, gastroesophageal junctional and gastric adenocarcinoma were identified through linkage to the Swedish Cancer Register. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Results:During an average follow-up of 9.9 years, a total of 211 cases were identified, including 83 cases of esophageal or junctional adenocarcinoma, and 128 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma. There was no statistically significant association between dietary intake of lignans and any of the studied adenocarcinomas. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of lignan intake, the adjusted HR of the highest quartile was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.46-2.00, p for trend=0.70) for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastroesophageal junction, and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.52-1.55, p for trend=0.78) for gastric adenocarcinoma. Conclusions:No clear support for a protective role of dietary intake of lignans in the development of esophageal or gastric adenocarcinoma was found. Impact:This is the first population-based cohort study to date to investigate the association between dietary lignan intake and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma.
