Serum vitamin D and risk of bladder cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial

A partir des données de l'essai "PLCO Cancer Screening", cette étude (375 cas et 375 témoins) évalue l'association entre le niveau sérique de vitamine D et le risque de cancer de la vessie

Résumé en anglais

Background: The one previous prospective study of vitamin D status and risk of urinary bladder cancer found that male smokers with low serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D(25(OH)D) were at a nearly 2-fold increased risk. We conducted an analysis of serum 25(OH)D and risk of bladder cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian(PLCO) Cancer Screening Study, and examined whether serum vitamin D binding protein (DBP) concentration confounded or modified the association. Methods: 375 cases of bladder cancer were matched 1:1 with controls based on age (+/- 5 years), race, sex, and date of blood collection (+/- 30 days). Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of bladder cancer by pre-diagnosis levels of 25(OH)D. Results: We found no strong or statistically significant association between serum 25(OH)D and bladder cancer risk (Q1 vs. Q4: OR=0.84 95% CI=0.52-1.36; p-trend = 0.56). Further adjustment for serum DBP did not alter the findings, nor was there a main effect association between DBP and risk. Conclusion: In contrast to the one previous study of this hypothesis, we observed no association between vitamin D status and risk of bladder cancer; this difference could be due to the inclusion of women and non-smokers in the current study population, or to differences in the distribution of vitamin D concentrations between the two study populations. Impact: These findings may contribute to future meta-analyses and help elucidate whether the vitamin D-bladder cancer association varies across populations.