Cet article insiste sur la nécessité de développer des interventions prenant en compte les facteurs modifiables du mode de vie pour prévenir le risque de cancer lié à l'obésité

Targeting obesity-related dysfunction in hormonally driven cancers

Rubinstein, Maria M. ; Brown, Kristy A. ; Iyengar, Neil M.

Obesity is a risk factor for at least 13 different types of cancer, many of which are hormonally driven, and is associated with increased cancer incidence and morbidity. Adult obesity rates are steadily increasing and a subsequent increase in cancer burden is anticipated. Obesity-related dysfunction can contribute to cancer pathogenesis and treatment resistance through various mechanisms, including those mediated by insulin, leptin, adipokine, and aromatase signalling pathways, particularly in [...]

Cet article fait le point sur le rôle de l'aspirine dans la chimioprévention du carcinome hépatocellulaire

Aspirin in hepatocellular carcinoma

Ricciotti, Emanuela ; Wangensteen, Kirk J. ; FitzGerald, Garret A.

Pre-clinical and clinical studies provide evidence for aspirin as a preventative agent for cancer. Compelling direct evidence supports a chemopreventive effect of aspirin in individuals at high risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) due to Lynch syndrome, while indirect evidence indicates that aspirin may reduce the risk of and mortality from sporadic CRC. There is weaker evidence for a protective effect of aspirin against all cancers taken as a group. Nevertheless, the results of recent [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée entre 2006 et 2019 (59 études, 265 083 patients), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une communication du prestataire de soins de santé (discussion ou recommandation) et l'adoption du vaccin contre le papillomavirus humain ou l'observance du schéma vaccinal

Provider communication and HPV vaccine uptake: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Oh, N. Loren ; Biddell, Caitlin B. ; Rhodes, Blythe E. ; Brewer, Noel T.

Provider communication can be critically important to families as they consider HPV vaccination. We sought to characterize the association of provider communication and HPV vaccine uptake, including when communication better motivates vaccination. We searched four databases for studies published between 2006 and 2019. Eligible studies examined health care provider communication (defined as recommendation or discussion) and HPV vaccine uptake (defined as initiation, completion, or [...]

Menée au Japon entre 2018 et 2019 sur 5 984 participants ayant au moins un comportement à risque (âge : 40-64 ans ; durée de suivi : 6 mois), cet essai randomisé évalue l'intérêt d'apporter des informations sur le risque de cancer lors de conseils pour améliorer leur mode de vie (tabagisme, consommation d'alcool, consommation de sel, activité physique et indice de masse corporelle)

Effectiveness of a Cancer Risk Prediction Tool on Lifestyle Habits: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Yuwaki, Keiichi ; Kuchiba, Aya ; Otsuki, Aki ; Odawara, Miyuki ; Okuhara, Tsuyoshi ; Ishikawa, Hirono ; Inoue, Manami ; Tsugane, Shoichiro ; Shimazu, Taichi

Background: Risk prediction models offer a promising approach to lifestyle modification. We evaluated the effect of personalized advice based on cancer risk prediction in improving five lifestyle habits (smoking, alcohol consumption, salt intake, physical activity, and body mass index) compared with standard advice without risk prediction among a Japanese general population with at least one unhealthy lifestyle habit. Methods: In a parallel-design, single-blind, randomized controlled trial [...]

Menée à l'aide de données d'exposition aux rayons ultraviolets, de facteurs démographiques et d'indices de vulnérabilité, cette étude cartographie l'incidence et la mortalité du cancer de la peau aux Etats-Unis

Developing indices to identify hotspots of skin cancer vulnerability among the Non-Hispanic White population in the United States

Kennedy, Caitlin ; Liu, Yang ; Meng, Xia ; Strosnider, Heather ; Waller, Lance A. ; Zhou, Ying

Skin cancer is the most common, yet oftentimes preventable, cancer type in the United States. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight is the most prominent environmental risk factor for skin cancer. Besides environmental exposure, demographic characteristics such as race, age, and socioeconomic (SES) status may make some groups more vulnerable. Based on county-level UV data and demographic risk factors, two vulnerability indices for skin cancer were generated using an additive [...]