Menée en 2019 aux Etats-Unis par enquête auprès de 1 835 adolescents (âge moyen : 16,7 ans), cette étude analyse les changements de perceptions et de comportements vis-à vis de la cigarette électronique avant et après la découverte de cas de lésions pulmonaires liées au vapotage

Adolescent perceptions of E-cigarette use and vaping behavior before and after the EVALI outbreak

Moustafa, Afaf F. ; Rodriguez, Daniel ; Mazur, Alexa ; Audrain-McGovern, Janet

This study sought to determine whether adolescents' e-cigarette risk perceptions, perceived benefits, and positive expectations, and vaping behavior changed after the electronic-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) outbreak. This longitudinal survey studied 1539 high school students in suburban Philadelphia, PA in 11th and 12th grade, before and after the outbreak of EVALI cases in 2019. Adolescents who reported current nicotine vaping at baseline (versus those who did [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à l'aide de données de 4 vagues d'enquête réalisées entre 2013 et 2018 auprès de 15 826 jeunes âgés de 12 à 24 ans lors de la première enquête, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'utilisation d'au moins un produit tabagique avant l'âge de 18 ans et la consommation quotidienne de tabac 4 ans après

Use of E-cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products and Progression to Daily Cigarette Smoking

Pierce, John P. ; Chen, Ruifeng ; Leas, Eric C. ; White, Martha M. ; Kealey, Sheila ; Stone, Matthew D. ; Benmarhnia, Tarik ; Trinidad, Dennis R. ; Strong, David R. ; Messer, Karen

OBJECTIVES: To identify predictors of becoming a daily cigarette smoker over the course of 4 years. METHODS: We identified 12- to 24-year-olds at wave 1 of the US Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study and determined ever use, age at first use, and daily use through wave 4 for 12 tobacco products. RESULTS: Sixty-two percent of 12- to 24-year-olds (95% confidence interval [CI]: 60.1% to 63.2%) tried tobacco, and 30.2% (95% CI: 28.7% to 31.6%) tried ≥5 tobacco products by wave 4. At [...]

Menée aux Etats-Unis à l'aide des données d'une enquête réalisée sur la période 2015-2018 auprès de 1 687 adolescents, cette étude analyse l'association entre l'utilisation de la cigarette électronique et l'arrêt de la cigarette classique chez les fumeurs, et analyse en particulier son rôle dans l'aide au sevrage tabagique

Association between e-cigarette use initiated after cigarette smoking and smoking abstinence: a cross-sectional study among adolescent established smokers in the USA

Saller, Franziska S ; Agaku, Israel T ; Filippidis, Filippos T

Background: Recent years have seen a rapid increase in the popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) among adolescents in the USA. Evidence on their role in the continuation of or abstinence from cigarette smoking among young smokers remains scarce.Objective To examine the relationship between e-cigarette use initiated after cigarette smoking and abstinence from cigarette smoking among US adolescent established smokers. Methods: The data were drawn from the 2015–2018 National Youth [...]

A partir de données de cohortes européennes et américaines, cette étude estime le nombre de femmes devant modifier leur alimentation pour prévenir un cancer du sein ou un cancer colorectal

Efforts needed for preventing breast and colorectal cancer through changes in dietary patterns

Mullie, Patrick ; Guillot, Gilles ; Pizot, Cécile ; Autier, Philippe ; Boyle, Peter

Prospective cohort studies on diet and cancer report risk associations as hazard ratios. But hazard ratios do not inform on the number of people who need to alter their dietary behaviours for preventing cancer. The objective of this study is to estimate the number of people that need to alter their diet for preventing one additional case of female breast or colorectal cancer.Based on the largest prospective studies done in the USA and in Europe, we computed the number of subjects who need to [...]

A partir d'une revue systématique de la littérature publiée jusqu'en septembre 2020 (16 études, 57 732 patients), cette méta-analyse évalue l'association entre une consommation de café et le risque de cancer de la prostate

Coffee consumption and risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chen, Xiaonan ; Zhao, Yiqiao ; Tao, Zijia ; Wang, Kefeng

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of cohort studies to evaluate the association of coffee consumption with the risk of prostate cancer. Data sources: PubMed, Web of Science and Embase were searched for eligible studies up to September 2020. Study selection: Cohort studies were included. Data extraction and synthesis: Two researchers independently reviewed the studies and extracted the data. Data synthesis was performed via systematic review and meta-analysis of [...]

Menée auprès de 103 femmes souffrant d'obésité massive (âge médian : 54 ans), cette étude analyse l'intérêt de leur proposer un dispositif intra-utérin au lévonorgestrel pour la prévention du cancer de l'endomètre et de ses précurseurs (hyperplasies atypiques)

PROgesterone Therapy for Endometrial Cancer Prevention in Obese Women (PROTEC) Trial: A Feasibility Study

Derbyshire, Abigail E. ; Allen, Jennifer L. ; Gittins, Matthew ; Lakhiani, Bhavna ; Bolton, James ; Shaw, Joseph ; Pemberton, Philip W. ; Needham, Michelle ; MacKintosh, Michelle L. ; Edmondson, Richard J. ; Kitchener, Henry C. ; Crosbie, Emma J.

Obesity is the major etiologic driver for endometrial cancer. The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) reduces the risk of endometrial cancer and its precursor, atypical hyperplasia. We assessed feasibility and uptake of the LNG-IUS for primary prevention of endometrial cancer in high-risk women and its impact on endometrial tissue biomarkers. Women with class-III obesity [body mass index (BMI) > 40 kg/m2] and histologically normal endometrium were invited to participate in a [...]